2009年早春苏南连阴雨和环流特征

利用常规气象资料分析了2009年早春苏南地区连阴雨期间的降水特点和环流形势特征。分析表明,此次连阴雨过程具有持续时间特别长、降水量特别多、最高气温偏低、雷暴天气频发等特点。连阴雨期间,欧亚上空高层中高纬环流经历贝湖低槽型、阻塞型和一槽一脊型3个阶段,亚洲中纬度地区多短波槽东移,保证了连阴雨天气的冷空气来源。孟加拉湾南支槽活跃,西太平洋副高偏北,从南海和菲律宾海经副高外围气流的水汽输送是此次连阴雨天气的主要水汽来源。由于冷暖空气在长江下游持续的相互作用,造成了苏南地区长达21天的阴雨天气。     

贵港市土壤水分变化规律及其对甘蔗生长的影响

通过对贵港市气象局1997～2005年农业气象观测资料进行分析,从而得出土壤水分与甘蔗生长的关系,并分别列举了洪涝年份与干旱年份进行比较说明,结果表明,甘蔗受水分影响最大的是茎伸长期,如果水分不足,甘蔗伸长量明显少于水分充足年分.     

几则气象办公应用的方法和技巧

总结近几年来,在气象办公应用中一些方法和技巧.     

贵港市半个世纪气温变化特征分析

通过对贵港市1960-2009年的平均气温、极端最高最低气温随时间变化特征的分析发现:在全球气候变暖的背景下.50年来贵港市气候总的趋势是变暖,冬季增暖最明显;极端气温差逐渐减小;四季气温均上升,冬季较冷,气温波动大;夏季炎热,气温波动较小;春暖秋凉,气温波动较大;近十年变暖尤为明显,气候异常偏暖年份都出现在偏暖期.     

Experimental and Numerical Study on Vibration of the Full-Revolving Propulsion Ship Stern

In order to solve the severe vibration problems of an ocean engineering ship with a full-revolving propulsion system,the navigation tests,including forced vibration response test and modal test,are carried out in its stern.It is concluded from the comparison of the time-domain waveform and spectrum from different measurement points that three main factors lead to a high-level stern vibration.Firstly,the specific dynamic stiffness of a water tank is relatively small compared with its neighbor hold,which makes it act like a vibration isolator preventing vibrational energy transmitting to the main hold.Secondly,there exists high-density local modes in the working frequency range of the main engine and thus the local resonance occurs.Thirdly,the abnormal engagement of gears caused by the large deflection of the shaft bearing due to its low mounting rigidity leads to violent extra impulse excitations at high speeds.Then the modification against the dynamic defects is given by simply improving the specific stiffness of the water tanks.And the effect is validated by the FEM calculation.Some important experience is obtained with the problems being solved,which is useful in the design of ships with the same propulsion system.It is also believed that the dynamic consideration is as important as the static analysis for the ships,and that most of the vibration problems may be avoided with a proper acoustic design.     

苏南一次深秋局地强对流的多源资料分析

针对2014年苏南地区深秋一次强对流天气过程,运用雷达、闪电定位仪、风廓线雷达和雨滴谱仪分别对强对流天气过程进行分析,发现新探测资料对于强对流的发生和发展有一定提示作用。本次天气过程主要是在前期回暖明显,西南气流强盛,有高空槽引导冷空气南下,冷空气的入侵导致了局地强对流的发生。深秋强对流发生的各种潜势与汛期强对流形成的阈值明显不一样,虽然不稳定能量没有春夏高,但在动力条件下触发低层冷空气强烈抬升暖湿空气,继而引发局地冰雹。雷达数据与汛期强对流的各种指标对比表明:无锡地区冰雹回波结构与汛期发生的冰雹个例相比,垂直累积液态水含量和回波顶高明显下降,这与季节的不同有明显关系,热力条件已无春夏好,季节的原因导致回波顶高偏低。通过闪电资料的统计表明:闪电频数的突然上升说明超级单体有较强的上升气流。雨滴谱资料的应用说明,降水过程中不同雨强下雨滴谱分布均呈单峰型,随着雨强增加,雨滴谱谱型在大粒子端逐渐上抬。对流云降水谱宽明显大于层状云降水。对流云降水阶段的平均直径明显大于层状云降水阶段。