A new evil waveforms evaluating method for new BDS navigation signals

With the advent of new global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) and new signals, GNSS users will rely more on them to obtain higher-accuracy positioning. Evil waveform monitoring and assessment are of great importance for GNSS to achieve its positioning, velocity, and timing service with high accuracy. However, the advent of new navigation signals introduces the necessity to extend the traditional analyzing techniques already accepted for binary phase-shift keying modulation to new techniques. First, the well-known second-order step thread model adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization is introduced. Then the extended new general thread models are developed for the new binary offset carrier modulated signals. However, no research has been done on navigation signal waveform symmetry yet. Simulation results showed that, waveform asymmetry may also cause tracking errors, range biases, and position errors in GNSS receivers. It is thus imperative that the asymmetry be quantified to enable the design of appropriate error budgets and mitigation strategies for various application fields. A novel evil waveform analysis method, called waveform rising and falling edge symmetry (WRaFES) method, is proposed. Based on this WRaFES method, the correlation metrics are provided to detect asymmetric correlation peaks distorted by received signal asymmetry. Then the statistical properties of the proposed methods are analyzed, and a proper deformation detection threshold is calculated. Finally, both simulation results and experimentally measured results of Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS) M1-S B1Cd signal are given, which show the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed thread models.     

荷包岛南北向构造

荷包岛为南海北缘一鲜为人知的小岛，岛上发育颇具规模的南北向构造，由一系列压性结构面组成并有北延至大陆沿海的迹象，荷包岛南北向构造很可能是一较大规模的构造带的残余，它既与华南大陆广为发育的近东西向构造带有关，亦受控于南海海盆的新生代扩张，对它的深入研究，有可能成为合理解释南海北缘构造系统形成、发育历史的关系。     

推理公式法在土耳其小流域设计洪水计算中的适应性分析

为分析推理公式法在土耳其小流域设计洪水计算中的适应性,首先分析了土耳其常用洪水计算方法 DSI Synthetic Method在设计降雨、产流规律、汇流模型的水文特点,并将DSI Synthetic Method与我国常用的两类推理公式法进行比较,探讨土耳其降雨径流关系与推理公式法汇流模型相结合进行小流域洪水计算的方法,最后通过土耳其工程实例将该方法与DSI Synthetic Method设计洪水计算成果进行比较。研究结果表明,改进的推理公式法能够将土耳其的设计降雨、产流规律和推理公式法汇流模型相结合,设计洪水计算成果能够符合当地实际情况。     

The effects of urban water cycle on energy consumption in Beijing,China

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Energy is consumed at every stage of the cycle of water production, distribution, end use, and recycled water treatment. Understanding the nexus of energy and...     

Taxonomy and regeneration of a newly recorded Polychaete Capitella teleta (Annelida,Capitellidae) in the coastal water of Shandong,China

The polychaete species of Capitella are widely distributed in the China seas, however little is known about Capitella taxonomy, and specimens collected from Chi...     

Effects of different land use types on potential evapotranspiration in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,North China

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Potential evapotranspiration (ET0) is vital for hydrologic cycle and water resource assessments as well as crop water requirement and irrigation demand...     

北斗三号导航定位技术体制与服务性能

介绍了北斗三号系统的星座设计、服务类型、导航信号体制、时空基准以及轨道确定与时间同步机制等技术体制,分析提出了评估北斗三号导航定位服务性能的指标体系,指标涵盖时空基准、空间信号质量、空间信号精度和服务性能4个方面,综合利用全球数据资源对北斗三号基本系统的导航定位服务性能进行了评估。结果显示,各信号分量有效功率比偏差优于0.25dB,S曲线过零点偏差(SCB)优于0.3ns,满足设计要求;北斗三号基本系统当前全球位置精度因子(PDOP)可用性优于85.0%,空间信号测距误差0.48m(RMS),空间信号连续性99.99%,空间信号可用性99.78%,UTC偏差误差优于19.1ns(95%),均满足系统服务性能规范承诺的指标。相对于北斗二号而言,北斗三号在覆盖能力、空间信号精度、空间信号可用性、空间信号连续性等方面均有显著提升。     

珠江流域大尺度陆面水文耦合模式的构建及应用

以珠江流域为研究对象,通过更新陆面水文模式所需的下垫面参数数据库,建立适合于珠江流域的大尺度陆面水文耦合模式系统,并利用该模式开展了1963~2006年流域水文水循环过程的数值模拟,通过与实测流量比较,系统考察了陆面水文耦合模型对珠江流域水循环各分量的模拟性能。分析结果表明,该陆面水文耦合模式对珠江流域年平均各水循环要素具有良好的模拟能力;模式对珠江流域干流主要控制水文站的月平均流量也有较高的模拟精度,模式模拟的水量平衡系数均接近1,相关系数均高于0.84,IOA相似度系数均高于0.9;相对而言,模式对流量峰值的模拟能力还有待提高。