阿尔泰山中东部西伯利亚落叶松生长量及其对气候变化的响应研究

利用阿尔泰山中东部两个样点(AYS、SYK)的西伯利亚落叶松(Larix sibirica)树轮资料,采用新疆西伯利亚落叶松一元材积式获得1969-2011年材积生长量序列。利用相关分析和回归分析等方法对生长量数据和气象资料进行分析,研究气温要素与生长量的关系及树木生长对气温和降水变化的响应。结果表明:近50 a来,西伯利亚落叶松材积生长量表现出显著增加趋势,且与生长季气温有较好的相关性;与当年6月降水量呈负相关趋势,8月降水量呈正相关趋势;生长季平均气温在19~20.9℃时,西伯利亚落叶松生长量最大;SYK样点西伯利亚落叶松生长对气温变化的敏感性高,气温每升高1℃生长量增加0.936 mm³·棵^-1;AYS样点西伯利亚落叶松生长对气温变化的敏感性较低,气温每升高1℃生长量增加0.661 mm³·棵^-1。     

The Analysis and Evaluation of Desertification in Xinjiang

利用RS与GIS技术对新疆境内的荒漠化土地进行监测分析,以新疆全境为控制总体,采取卫星数据解译结合现地调查及抽样方法获取全疆荒漠化现状。监测调查表明:新疆是个荒漠化分布极广的地区,荒漠化面积占监测区面积的77.08%。在荒漠化土地类型中,荒漠化耕地占1.92%,荒漠化林地占4%,荒漠化草地占45%,荒漠化未利用地占49%。在荒漠化程度中,非荒漠化土地占22.92%,轻度荒漠化占5.69%,中度荒漠化占16.58%,重度荒漠化占33.19%,极重度荒漠化占21.61%。按荒漠化主导因素:风蚀荒漠化占58.23%,水蚀荒漠化占8.69%,盐渍荒漠化占6.52%,冻融荒漠化占3.64%。     

新疆荒漠化监测分析评价--基于RS与GIS的荒漠化监测研究

The land desertification in Xinjiang was monitored and analyzed based on RS and GIS techniques. Satellite data interpretation was adopted to obtain the general situation of Xinjiang‘s land desertification in assistance with the sampling method and on-the-spot investigations. Related monitoring and investigations showed that Xinjiang was facing with severe wide range land desertification, and its desertified area made up 77.08% of the total monitoring area. As for land types,the desertified farmland accounted for 1.92% of the total monitoring area, desertified woodland 4%,desertified grassland 45%, and unused land 49%. Accordingly, as for desertification degrees,non-desertified land occupied 22.92%, weak desertified land 5.69%, medium-degree desertified land 16.58%, severe desertified land 33.19% and super severe desertified land 21.61%. Finally, as for inducing factors, wind-eroded desertification made up 58.23%, water-eroded desertification 8.69%,salinization desertification 6.52% and frozen-melt eroded desertification 3.64%. Xinjiang‘s land desertification tended to get worse and the harnessing mission remained hard.