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The 25-h measurements of current speed, flow direction, water depth, suspended sediment concentration and salinity were carried out at six anchored stations in the study area during spring and neap tides in winter of 1987 and summer of 1989. Caculations and analyses of the data obtained show that large amounts of suspended sediments are moved back and forth under the action of tidal current, and the net transport of sediment is small, with its predominance upstream in winter and downstream in summer. These calculations and analyses also suggest that the advective transport of sediment is dominant, while the vertical gravitational circulation of the suspended sediment comes next. Meantime, it is indicated that tidal currents play a major role in the suspended sediment transport, and residual flows have effect on the net transport of the suspended sediment, which is more remarkable during neap tide than during spring tide. 相似文献
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在投入产出综合平衡模型的基础上,在充分考虑珠江三角洲地区资源的条件下,结合该区未来经济发展的战略目标,建立了宏观经济发展的动态递推模型。利用该模型,借助系统优化算法,对珠江三角洲地区宏观经济的发展作出了最优规划,对该区未来的震害提出了最佳的恢复方案。由震害所致间接经济损失的系统分析,是结合原发展规划方案的对投资结构、产业结构作出的动态分析,可作为未来珠江三角洲地区产业的调整、投资、方向的改变,以主 相似文献
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利用互信息改进遥感影像朴素贝叶斯网络分类器 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对朴素贝叶斯网络简单条件独立性假设的不足,将它的一种改进形式——选择型朴素贝叶斯网络和两种扩展形式(树增强型朴素贝叶斯网络、贝叶斯增强型朴素贝叶斯网络)用于多光谱遥感影像的分类中。在分析波段间互信息的基础上,分别构造了上述3种分类器,并和朴素贝叶斯网络分类器的性能进行了比较。 相似文献
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It is of some limitations to analyse residual currents by means of the 25 h anchored current measurements. On the basis of the drift tracking and the mooring system data, here, analyses have been done aiming at the structural characteristics and the dynamical mechanisms of the frontal residual current field of the Hangzhou Bay. Especially a theoritical model is given focusing on the frontal density-driven currents. The results indicate that there exists obviously the upper-layer front-driven flow along the orientation of the front during neap tides in the research area of the Hangzhou Bay. But the flow is restrained by the strong vortical viscosity during spring tides. In the lower layer, the effect of the front is little and the subtidal movements are dominated by the tide-induced residual currents. In addition, the influences of wind forcing to the residual current field are also suggested to be important. 相似文献
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中国东北红河国家级自然保护区湿地植被空间格局与环境梯度关系(英文) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Quantifying correlation between the spatial patterns of natural wetland plants and environmental gradient gives better understanding of wetland habitats, which is the fundamental for the strategy making on the protection and restoration of natural wetlands. In this study, the spatial patterns of wetland plants and the environmental gradient of wetland habitats were assessed in the Honghe National Nature Reserve (HNNR) in Northeast China, a wetland of international importance on the Ramsar list. Biophysical parameters’ values of wetland plants were obtained by field sampling methods, and wetland mapping at the community scale was completed using remote sensing techniques. Digital delineation of the surface water system, hydrological zoning and wetness index were produced by spatial analysis methods in Geographic Information System. An ecological ordination method and two clustering methods were used to quantify the relationship between the spatial distribution patterns of wetland plants and the corresponding environmental gradients. Such quantitative analyses also present the specific diversity of different types of wetland plants based on the environmental attributes of their habitats. With the support from modern geo-information techniques, the experimental results indicate how four ecotypes of wetland plants spatially transit from forest swamp, shrub wetland and meadow into marsh wetland with increasing wetness index and water table. And they also show how wetland spatial distribution patterns are controlled by an environmental gradient of wetness. Another key finding of this research work is that our results present the exact fundamental differences between marsh and non-marsh plants of 11 wetland plant communities within the core study area. Hence, this case study gives a good sample for better understanding of the complex correlation between the spatial patterns of wetland plants and their environmental attributes using advanced digital analysis methods. It is also useful to show how to integrate geoinformatic techniques with statistical analysis methods based on the field data base. 相似文献
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Precipitation extremes in a karst region: a case study in the Guizhou province, southwest China 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Qiang Zhang Chong-Yu Xu Zengxin Zhang Xi Chen Zhaoqing Han 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2010,99(1-2):53-65
The topography of hilly landscapes modifies crop environment changing the fluxes of water and energy, increasing risk in these vulnerable agriculture systems, which could become more accentuated under climate change (drought, increased variability of rainfall). In order to quantify how wheat production in hilly terrain will be affected by future climate, a newly developed and calibrated micro-meteorological model for hilly terrain was linked to a crop growth simulation model to analyse impact scenarios for different European regions. Distributions of yield and growing length of rainfed winter wheat and durum wheat were generated as probabilistic indices from baseline and low (B2) and high (A2) emission climate scenarios provided from the Hadley Centre Regional Climate Model (HadRM3). We used site-specific terrain parameters for two sample catchments in Europe, ranging from humid temperate (southeast UK) to semi-arid Mediterranean (southern Italy). Results for baseline scenario show that UK winter wheat is mainly affected by annual differences in precipitation and yield distributions do not change with terrain, whilst in the southern Mediterranean climate yield variability is significantly related to a slope × elevation index. For future climate, our simulations confirm earlier predictions of yield increase in the UK, even under the high emission scenario. In the southern Mediterranean, yield reduction is significantly related to slope × elevation index increasing crop failure in drier elevated spots but not in wet years under baseline weather. In scenarios for the future, the likelihood of crop failure rises sharply to more than 60%, and even in wet years, yields are likely to decrease in elevated spots. 相似文献
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三江平原沼泽性河流径流演变的驱动力分析 总被引:28,自引:2,他引:28
在分析三江平原典型沼泽性河流挠力河径流演变特征及趋势的基础上,应用灰色关联分析和径向基函数网络等方法,探讨了引起径流量减少和发生突变的原因,分析结果表明:当地河川径流演化与沼泽化流的地理特征以及近50年来沼泽及沼泽化土地的大规模开垦和水资源的开发利用有密切的关系,人类活动是本区河川径流演变的主要驱动力,气候变化在径流演变中所起的作用相应减少,沼泽湿地对区域水系统的水量平衡产生着重要的影响,在流域下垫面已明显变化,水文循环出现变异的情况下,必须加强沼泽湿地保护的水的调控和管理。 相似文献
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JIANG Zuzhou SUN Zhilei LIU Zhaoqing CAO Hong GENG Wei XU Haixia WANG Lisheng WANG Libo 《海洋湖沼学报(英文)》2019,(3):998-1009
The hadal zone represents one of the last great frontiers in modern marine science,and deciphering the provenance of sediment that is supplied to these trench settings remains a largely unanswered question.Here,we examine the mineralogical and geochemical composition of a sediment core(core CD-1)that was recovered from the southwestern margin of the Challenger Deep within the Mariana Trench.Major element abundances and rare-earth element patterns from these sediments require inputs from both terrigenous dust and locally sourced volcanic debris.We exploit a two-endmember mixing model to demonstrate that locally sourced volcanic material dominates the sediment supply to the Challenger Deep(averaging^72%).The remainder,however,is supplied by aeolian dust(averaging^28%),which is consistent with adjacent studies that utilized Sr-Nd isotopic data.Building on a growing database,we strengthen our understanding of Asian aeolian dust input into the northwestern Pacific,which ultimately improves our appreciation of sedimentation in,and around,the hadal zone. 相似文献