Dominant climate factors influencing the Arctic runoff and association between the Arctic runoff and sea ice

介绍了星载雷达波谱仪的观测原理及误差分析模型,并在Hauser等提出的SWIM(sea wave investigation and monitoring by satellite)的基础上分析了波谱仪反演海浪谱的波长分辨率和角度分辨率。为了减小反演调制谱的波动,在数据处理过程中时域和波数域相邻单元的平均个数分别为10和8个。系统在不同的模式下工作,为了获取20°的角度分辨率,对调制谱平均次数分别取3次(模式1)、7次(模式2)、10次(模式3)。使用解析法和仿真法分析了SWIM工作在模式2时海浪谱观测的能量误差,两种方法的结果一致。对于给定的海浪条件,能量误差小于20%。     

Dominant climate factors influencing the Arctic runoff and association between the Arctic runoff and sea ice

By using the Arctic runoff data from R-ArcticNET V4.0 and ArcticRIMS, trends of four major rivers flowing into the Arctic Ocean, whose climate factor plays an important role in determining the variability of the Arctic runoff, are investigated. The results show that for the past 30 years, the trend of the Arctic runoff is seasonally dependent. There is a significant trend in spring and winter and a significant decreasing trend in summer, leading to the reduced seasonal cycle. In spring, surface air temperature is the dominant factor influencing the four rivers. In summer, precipitation is the most important factor for Lena and Mackenzie, while snow cover is the most important factor for Yenisei and Ob. For Mackenzie, atmospheric circulation does play an important role for all the seasons, which is not the case for the Eurasian rivers. The authors further discuss the relationships between the Arctic runoff and sea ice. Significant negative correlation is found at the mouth of the rivers into the Arctic Ocean in spring, while significant positive correlation is observed just at the north of the mouths of the rivers into the Arctic in summer. In addition, each river has different relationship with sea ice in the eastern Greenland Sea.     

Physical processes causing the formation of hypoxia off the Changjiang estuary after Typhoon Chan-hom, 2015

Severe hypoxia was observed in the submarine canyon to the east of the Changjiang estuary in July 14, 2015, two days after typhoon Chan-hom. The oxygen concentration reached as low as 2.0 mg/L and occupied a water column of about 25 m. A ROMS model was con?gured to explore the underlying physical processes causing the formation of hypoxia. Chan-hom passed through the Changjiang estuary during the neap tide. The strati?cation was completely destroyed in the shallow nearshore region when typhoon passing. However, it was maintained in the deep canyon, though the surface mixed layer was largely deepened. The residual water in the deep canyon is considered to be the possible source of the later hypoxia. After Chan-hom departure, not only the low salinity plume water spread further of fshore, but also the sea surface temperature(SST) rewarmed quickly. Both changes helped strengthen the strati?cation and facilitate the formation of hypoxia. It was found that the surface heat ?ux, especially the solar short wave radiation dominated the surface re-warming, the of fshore advection of the warmer Changjiang Diluted Water(CDW) also played a role. In addition to the residual water in the deep canyon, the Taiwan Warm Current(TWC) was found to ?ow into the deep canyon pre-and soon post-Chan-hom, which was considered to be the original source of the hypoxia water.     

上海市开展海岛开发利用与保护的对策分析

文章通过分析上海市海域内海岛的特点、开发利用现状和存在的问题,将上海市海岛按功能划分为崇明片区、金山三岛区、洋山深水港区和余山四大区域,针对其重开发、轻保护的问题,按照新颁布的《中华人民共和国海岛法》提出了一系列的管理对策和设想,旨在为海岛开发利用与保护工作提供参考.     

基于改进标记分水岭的高分辨率遥感影像海岸水边线提取方法

利用遥感技术快速提取海岸线是一种重要的技术手段,针对传统分水岭算法在高分辨率多光谱卫星数据处理中存在的过分割和抗干扰能力差的问题,本文提出了一种基于扩展极值变换标记分水岭的算法.首先通过形态学重建、扩展极值变换等方法建立前景和背景标记,初步抑制灰度极小值和极大值区域,然后依据这两类标记对梯度图像进行修正,进而进行分水岭...     

Physical processes causing the formation of hypoxia off the Changjiang estuary after Typhoon Chan-hom, 2015

Severe hypoxia was observed in the submarine canyon to the east of the Changjiang estuary in July 14, 2015, two days after typhoon Chan-hom. The oxygen concentration reached as low as 2.0 mg/L and occupied a water column of about 25 m. A ROMS model was configured to explore the underlying physical processes causing the formation of hypoxia. Chan-hom passed through the Changjiang estuary during the neap tide. The stratification was completely destroyed in the shallow nearshore region when typhoon passing. However, it was maintained in the deep canyon, though the surface mixed layer was largely deepened. The residual water in the deep canyon is considered to be the possible source of the later hypoxia. After Chan-hom departure, not only the low salinity plume water spread further off shore, but also the sea surface temperature (SST) rewarmed quickly. Both changes helped strengthen the stratification and facilitate the formation of hypoxia. It was found that the surface heat flux, especially the solar short wave radiation dominated the surface re-warming, the off shore advection of the warmer Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) also played a role. In addition to the residual water in the deep canyon, the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) was found to flow into the deep canyon pre- and soon post- Chan-hom, which was considered to be the original source of the hypoxia water.