资源产业依赖、人力资本与“资源诅咒”假说——基于资源型城市的再检验

利用2003—2013年中国典型资源型城市的面板数据,在考虑潜在内生性的条件下,使用动态面板系统广义矩估计方法,开展"资源诅咒"假说的再检验,进一步讨论资源型城市的人力资本能否有效缓解"资源诅咒"。结果表明:中国资源型城市普遍存在"资源诅咒"现象;人力资本对经济增长的正向作用虽在一定程度上可以弥补资源产业依赖对增长的负向作用,但却不能明显抑制"资源诅咒";资源型城市普遍存在资源产业依赖对人力资本投资的"挤出"。     

富碱岩长石结构态及其地质意义

采用X射线衍射法研究了16个碱性岩和碱性花岗岩体长石的结构态,获得了122个数据,并对样品进行探针或化学分析。这些富碱岩都以碱性长石为主,有单斜、三斜钾长石,以及由它们和钠长石组成的条纹长石。钾长石分属各种结构态,钠长石有中、低钠长石,钾、钠长石在一些岩体中体现了由高→低结构态有序化演化进程。长右结构态与矿物温度计所获得的资料得到了很好的对照,表明了长石Si/Al有序程度主要受结晶温度的影响。     

冀西北水泉沟正长岩杂岩体的成因

水泉沟碱性正长岩杂岩体侵入于太古宇桑干群变质岩中，岩体主要由碱性长石正长岩、角闪碱长正长岩、正长岩、石英碱长正长岩等组成，属碱性岩系列，在岩石的石英颗粒中见有熔融包体的存在。岩石的稀土元素分布模式呈平滑的右倾模式，无明显的铕异常。岩石的Ｐｂ同位素组成为２０６Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ＝１６．４５７～１８．２８６、２０７Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ＝１５．２７０～１５．４７２、２０８Ｐｂ／２０４Ｐｂ＝３６．５３９～３７．３９３，石英的δ１８Ｏ值为８．０‰～８．５‰，（８７Ｓｒ／８６Ｓｒ）ｉ≈０．７０５，岩石的ｔＤＭ为１．６～１．９Ｇａ，εＮｄ（ｔ）为－７．４５～－１３．１，明显大于区域基底的εＮｄ（ｔ）值（－２０±）。以上结果表明，岩体为上地幔和下地壳物质部分熔融的产物。岩体角闪石３９Ａｒ－４０Ａｒ年龄３２７Ｍａ，为海西期岩浆作用的产物     

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy of alkali feldspars

²⁹Si,²⁷Al MAS NMR and IR spectra of rnonophase K-feldspars (sanidine, orthoclase and microcline) and Na-feldspars (monalbite, anorthoclase and low albite) in different structural states have been studied. The NMR and IR spectra of K-feldspars and Na-feldspars vary regularly along with their degrees of Si/Al ordering evolution. Si in orthoclase occupiesT _2m,T2o andT1m, and the high-temperature Na-feldspar (monalbite and anorthoclase) coincides in²⁹Si,²⁷Al NMR and IR spectra. Moreover, all the high-temperature Na-feldspars and sanidine have the same²⁷Al NMR and IR spectra. Project supported by the Foundation of Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atom and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

REE geochemistry of some alkali-rich intrusive rocks in China

Based on the REE analyses of about 300 samples from 40 alkali-rich intrusive rocks, a systematic study on the features of REE composition was made, and the major factors controlling the REE distribution are discussed. According to REE, trace elements composition and Sr, Nd isotopic characteristics, the source materials and petrogenetic process of the alkali-rich intrusive rocks were studied. The petrogenetic models of Zijinshan, Sairna, Nianzishan and Shanhaiguan alkali-rich intrusive rocks were calculated using multisequence fractional crystallization and assimilation fractional crystallization models. Project supported by the President Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

东海陆架海水和沉积物中藻类生物标志物的分布特征与比较

对东海内陆架杭州湾附近的季节性水体悬浮颗粒物和表层沉积物中的主要藻类生物标志物进行分析,如菜籽甾醇、甲藻甾醇和长链烯酮,分别对应于硅藻、甲藻和定鞭藻,分析探讨水体颗粒物和沉积物中藻类生物标志物的分布特征及控制因素。研究结果显示,东海内陆架表层沉积物中藻类生物标志物空间分布特征明显,由杭州湾近岸向海,含量随水深增加而增加;颗粒物中生物标志物含量的季节变化突出,夏季样品的含量最高。生物标志物的时空变化主要受控于藻类生产力的变化。由于营养盐丰富,高初级生产力主要分布在远离河口的冲淡水和外海海流交汇的水域;夏季由于长江冲淡水携带营养盐影响扩大,近岸浮游植物生产力最高。此外,结果还显示表层沉积物与颗粒物中优势甾醇有显著差异,颗粒物中菜籽甾醇占优势,而表层沉积物中甲藻甾醇占比更大。除了通常解释的颗粒物中有机质主要反映局部地点的瞬时性,而表层沉积物中有机质反映更广区域的多年平均性,我们认为沉积物中可能发生的菜籽甾醇后期氢化作用改造有巨大影响,导致沉积物中菜籽甾醇含量相对甲藻甾醇大量降低。本研究结果强调沉积物中生物标志物沉积历史的复杂性,理解表层沉积物中生物标志物的相对变化对于沉积记录中生物标志物的准确解读具有重要意义。     

现代生物磷灰石及化石磷灰石研究

本文对现代脊椎动物牙齿及骨骼以及埋藏于黄土中的化石进行了矿物学研究。它们主要由磷灰石组成,含ＯＨ、ＣＯ３＾２－和有机质,结晶程度很差。现代生物磷灰石为羟基磷灰石。化石磷灰石具ＣＯ３＾２－含量高,ＣＯ３＾２－占据ＰＯ４＾３－位置,并发生重结晶等特点,属碳羟磷灰石。化石化总趋势是有机质丢失,其它钙的磷酸盐溶解,ＣＯ３＾２－一增中并置换ＰＯ４＾３－进入晶格的磷灰石重结晶作用。生物磷石加热至１２００℃,红     

Using the resource-environment-economy coordination degree model to guide China’s national blue bay remediation action plan in Qingdao

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - The China National Blue Bay Remediation Action Plan (NBBRAP) is a crucial step towards achieving the overall goal of building a maritime power and a beautiful...     

REE Geochemical Characteristics of Apatite,Sphene and Zircon from Alkaline Rocks

The accessory minerals apatite and sphene are the main carriers of REE in alkaline rocks.Their chondrite-normalized REE patterns decline sharply to the right as those of the host rocks,In the patterns an obvious negative Eu anomaly and a positive Ce anomaly can be seen in apatite and sphene,respectively.Zircon from alkaline rocks is different in REE pattern,I,e,. a nearly symmetric“V“-shaped pattern with a maximum negative Eu anomaly.Compared with the equivalents from granites,apatite,sphene and zircon from alkaline rocks are all characterized by higher (La/Yb)N ratio and less Eu depletion,As to the relative contents of REE in minerals,apatite,sphene and zircon are enriched in LREE,MREE and HREE respectively,depending on their crystallochemical properties.     

响山碱性花岗岩晶洞中的蓝色石棉

响山碱性花岗岩晶洞中生长着一种罕见的蓝色石棉,该矿物系铁-亚铁蓝透闪石。微区组成研究揭示了该闪石是由铁-红闪石—铁-亚铁冻蓝闪石生长演化而来,对它进行了红外吸收谱,X射线结构分析和差热性质的研究,并确定了岩石中还存在另外三种闪石,即铁-浅闪石、亚铁钠闪石和铁-阳起石。上述所有矿物都以铁含量高为特征。