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1.
Toru?Iwata Keiko?Yoshikawa Katsutoshi?Nishimura Yoshihisa?Higuchi Takao?Yamashita Shigeru?Kato Eiji?OhtakiEmail author 《Journal of Oceanography》2004,60(6):995-1000
The measurements of the vertical transport of CO2 were carried out over the Sea of Japan using the specially designed pier of Kyoto University on September 20 to 22, 2000. CO2 fluxes were measured by the eddy correlation and aerodynamic techniques. Both techniques showed comparable CO2 fluxes during sea breeze conditions: −0.001 to −0.08 mg m−2s−1 with the mean of −0.05 mg m−2s−1. This means that the measuring site satisfies the fetch requirement for meteorological observations under sea breeze conditions. Moreover, the eddy diffusivity coefficient used in the aerodynamic technique is found to be consistent with the coefficient used in the eddy correlation technique. The present result leads us to conclude that the aerodynamic technique may be applicable to underway CO2 flux measurements over the ocean and may be used in place of the bulk technique. The important point is the need to maintain a measuring accuracy of CO2 concentration difference of the order of 0.1 ppmv on the research vessels or the buoys. 相似文献
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Abstract. For the purpose of development of methane hydrate, occurring in the deep marine subsurface, as a resource, the most important issue is to understand the methane hydrate system (generation, migration and accumulation) as well as to delineate the methane hydrate reservoir properties. We have applied the Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) analysis to the seismic data acquired in the Nankai Trough, offshore Japan, in order to confirm the occurrence of gas just below the methane hydrate-bearing zone, assuming that gas will show a so-called Class-3 AVO response. Knowledge of the amount and occurrence of gas in the sediment below methane hydrate-bearing zone is one of the keys to understand the methane hydrate system.
We have utilized the qualitative analysis of AVO methodology to delineate how gas is located below the BSR, which is thought to be the reflection event from the interface between the methane hydrate-bearing zone and the underlying gas-bearing zone. In the region of MITI Nankai Trough Well PSW-3, we observe two BSRs separated by 25 ms. After AVO modeling using well data, we applied AVO attribute analysis and attribute crossplot analysis to the seismic data. Finally we applied an offset-amplitude analysis to CMP gather data at specific locations to confirm the results of AVO attribute analysis. The AVO analysis shows that there is very little gas located in the underlying sediment below methane hydrate-bearing zone. This result supports the fact that we could not obtain any clear evidence of gas occurrence just below the methane hydrate-bearing zone in the Nankai Trough well drilling. 相似文献
We have utilized the qualitative analysis of AVO methodology to delineate how gas is located below the BSR, which is thought to be the reflection event from the interface between the methane hydrate-bearing zone and the underlying gas-bearing zone. In the region of MITI Nankai Trough Well PSW-3, we observe two BSRs separated by 25 ms. After AVO modeling using well data, we applied AVO attribute analysis and attribute crossplot analysis to the seismic data. Finally we applied an offset-amplitude analysis to CMP gather data at specific locations to confirm the results of AVO attribute analysis. The AVO analysis shows that there is very little gas located in the underlying sediment below methane hydrate-bearing zone. This result supports the fact that we could not obtain any clear evidence of gas occurrence just below the methane hydrate-bearing zone in the Nankai Trough well drilling. 相似文献
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ACTIVE system for monitoring volcanic activity: A case study of the Izu-Oshima Volcano,Central Japan
Hisashi Utada Yuji Takahashi Yuichi Morita Takao Koyama Tsuneomi Kagiyama 《Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research》2007
A system is proposed for the monitoring of changes in the underground structure of an active volcano over time by applying a transient electromagnetic method. The monitoring system is named ACTIVE, which stands for Array of Controlled Transient-electromagnetics for Imaging Volcano Edifice. The system consists of a transmitter dipole used to generate a controlled transient electromagnetic (EM) field and an array of receivers used to measure the vertical component of the transient magnetic field at various distances, with automatic operation of both units. In order to verify the performance of the proposed system, numerical and field experiments were carried out by application of the system to the Izu-Oshima volcano, where a remarkable change in the apparent DC resistivity over time had been detected in association with the eruption in 1986. 相似文献
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石场-中楼盆地位于郯庐断裂带中段的沂河-沭河地区。郯庐断裂左旋切割了秦岭-大别-胶南造山带及前中生代地层,研究区内沂河-沭河断裂切割了年龄为136.2Ma(40Ar/39Ar法)的胶南造山带北缘剪切带,并被时代为119Ma(K-Ar法)的青山群地层不整合覆盖,显示郯庐断裂在早白垩世曾发生了明显的走滑运动。石场-中楼盆地受沂河-沭河断裂的控制,整体为长60km、宽30km,长宽比近于2∶1的“菱型”构造盆地。盆地内早白垩世莱阳群的沉积厚度大于6263.71m,沉积速率大于0.4mm/a;沉积相特征反映盆地具有深而窄,沉积速度快、沉积相变剧烈的特点。盆地沉积中心的迁移方向与边界断裂的左旋走滑效应一致,“边走滑边沉积”的特征明显。根据构造背景、构造格架及沉积特征,确定石场-中楼盆地为郯庐断裂早白垩世左旋走滑过程中形成的拉分盆地 相似文献
7.
Tomotaka Iwata Takao Kagawa Anatoly Petukhin Yoshihiro Ohnishi 《Journal of Seismology》2008,12(2):223-234
We constructed a prototype of the basin and crustal structure model for the Kinki area, southwest of Japan, for the simulation
of strong ground motions of hypothetical crustal and subduction earthquakes. We collected results of the deep seismic velocity
profiles obtained by the reflection experiments and seismic imaging results, which were conducted in the Kinki area. The obtained
profiles give underground velocity structures of the crust, from the surface to the subducting slab. We also gather the basin
velocity structure information of the Osaka, Kyoto, Nara, and Ohmi basins. To examine the applicability of the constructed
velocity structure model to the ground motion simulation, we simulated waveforms of an intermediate size event occurred near
the source area of the hypothetical subduction earthquakes. Simulated ground motions using the basin and crustal velocity
structure model are fairly well reproducing the observations at most of stations, and the constructed basin and crustal velocity
structure model is applicable for the long-period ground motion simulations. 相似文献
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Hiromi Watanabe Eriko Seo Yoshimi Takahashi Takao Yoshida Shigeaki Kojima Katsunori Fujikura Hiroshi Miyake 《Journal of Oceanography》2013,69(1):129-134
Vesicomyid bivalves have a substantial biomass in deep-sea chemosynthetic biological communities in the Pacific. Using a novel multiplex-PCR (mPCR) method to identify the co-occurring vesicomyids in Sagami Bay, we analyzed the distribution of Calyptogena okutanii and Calyptogena soyoae along environmental gradients. All the known distributions of C. okutanii indicated the different preferences in salinity and temperature to those of C. soyoae, and in Sagami Bay, depth seemed to be an important environmental factor, too. Although the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in sediment was not examined, our results showed that the distributions of these two Calyptogena clams were affected by salinity and temperature. 相似文献
10.
Yoshimasa Hosokawa 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1985,115(2):403-407
Dynamics of the apsidal motion in close binary systems are discussed. A comparison between the solution for the perfect fluid system and the solution for the rigid system reveals that some overall viscosity in the interior of distorted star has a right tendency to reconcile the observation of apsidal motion with the theory of internal structure. 相似文献