Construction techniques for the Taklamakan Desert Highway: research on the construction materials and the results of field tests

After conducting many laboratory and field experiments, several key technical issues related to the construction of China’s Taklamakan Desert Highway have been satisfactorily resolved. In particular, considerable progress has been made on the dry compaction of a sand sub-base, road design parameters, the creation of a structure that combines a sub-grade and asphalt pavement, analysis of the stability of a sand sub-base strengthened with geotextiles, and on the development of a complete set of construction techniques. The achievements of this research were successfully applied for the first time in the Taklamakan Desert, where the environmental conditions are extremely harsh. The results suggest that the construction of this highway was economical and that the simple construction methods produced a reliable highway. The resulting highway is believed to be the world’s first long-distance graded highway running through a huge desert with migrating dunes.     

基于高分影像的光伏电场自动化提取应用研究

随着高空间分辨率遥感影像数据急剧增多,传统的监测分类方法很难适应海量遥感数据的解译需求.本项目以宁夏中卫市沙坡头区光伏电场为例,通过设计适合遥感地物识别的卷积神经网络和构建目标样本的最佳特征表达,让计算机经过深度学习,具备观察和理解的能力,挖掘潜在的有用地物特征,实现光伏电场的自动化信息提取,并且验证了利用高分影像自动化提取的高效性和准确性.     

Developing a 2D vertical flow and sediment transport model for open channels using the Youngs-VOF method

A 2D vertical(2DV) numerical model,without σ-coordinate transformation in the vertical direction,is developed for the simulation of flow and sediment transport in open channels.In the model,time-averaged Reynolds equations are closed by the k-ε nonlinear turbulence model.The modified YoungsVOF method is introduced to capture free surface dynamics,and the free surface slope is simulated using the ELVIRA method.Based on the power-law scheme,the k-ε model and the suspended-load transport model are solved numerically with an implicit scheme applied in the vertical plane and an explicit scheme applied in the horizontal plane.Bedload transport is modeled using the Euler-WENO scheme,and the grid-closing skill is adopted to deal with the moving channel bed boundary.Verification of the model using laboratory data shows that the model is able to adequately simulate flow and sediment transport in open channels,and is a good starting point for the study of sediment transport dynamics in strong nonlinear flow scenarios.     

Structures of subgrade/pavement and construction techniques for the Taklimakan Desert Highway

With lots of indoor and outdoor experiments, several key technical issues in construction of the Desert Highway have been solved satisfactorily, on the basis of great achievements of the studies in respects of dry compaction on sand base, design parameters, structure combination of subgrade and pavement, stabilization analysis of sand base strengthened with geotextile and a complete set of construction techniques. It is the first time the achievements of the study were successfully applied in the Taklimakan Desert where the natural condition is extremely harsh. It has been proved that it is economic and reasonable with reliable techniques and simple construction methods. The Desert Highway constructed with the achievements is the first-grade highway running through huge migratory desert for long distance in the world.     

电子水准仪在矿区沉降监测中的应用

煤炭开采引起的地面沉降区沉降周期长、范围大,造成的环境危害也日益显著,如何高效、准确地为矿区环境治理提供基础资料成为工作人员的当务之急。本文利用DiNi03电子水准仪对马莲台煤矿采矿区地面进行沉降监测,详细介绍了电子水准仪在沉降监测中的工作优点和技术方法,并且对测量数据进行了分析,提出了一些方法和建议,为因煤炭资源开发造成的地面沉降等灾害的基础资料获取提供技术参考。     

四川南江竹坝磁铁矿区磁异常数据处理应用效果

文章以四川南江竹坝矿区李子垭磁铁矿床地面高精度磁测的数据处理成果为例,提出利用化极和求取垂向二阶导数的方法,在展示矿体空间赋存状态、缩小探矿范围等方面有一定效果。     

山东兰陵会宝岭铁矿深部矿体特征及找矿方向

会宝岭铁矿为隐伏矿床,发育2条主矿带,矿带总体走向280°～290°,平行展布,相向而倾,表现为不对称向斜构造特征.两条矿带包含南北两翼5个矿体,其南翼矿带沿走向自西向东具有逐渐变宽的趋势,而北翼矿带自西向东则有收缩变窄的趋势.矿床赋存于泰山岩群山草峪组中,产状与地层产状基本一致,上覆盖层为青白口纪至早寒武纪沉积地层....     

江苏及近海地区构造环境剪应力场的研究

观测结果表明,绝大多数地震是地壳岩石在剪应力作用下发生的破裂结果,剪应力的量值是直接产生地震破裂的主要因素。据此思路,剪应力较高的地区应是潜在震源区,反之应力场较弱的地区则为地震安全区。如果能测出各地区的环境剪应力值,则可对潜在的地震危险区作出判断,为确定性的地震物理预报提供依据。故剪应力场量值随时间和空间的变化对地震预报是十分重要的。过去由于观测条件的种种限制,我们很难获得地下几千米至几十千米深度的应力场量值,特别是对发震应力场的量值知之甚少。陈培善和陈海通(1992)根据位错理论,采用二维矩形破裂模式,在导…     

中国地表潜在蒸散发敏感性的时空变化特征分析

潜在蒸散发是农田灌溉管理、作物需水量估算、稀缺资料地区水量平衡等研究中的重要参量,分析其对气象因子的敏感性有助于农业水资源优化配置和气候变化对水资源的影响研究.根据中国1960-2007年的653个气象台站的常规气象观测资料.采用优化太阳辐射计算的Penman-Monteith潜在蒸散发计算方法,分析了中国10大流域片...