Spatial analysis of morphometric indices: the case of Bolu pull-apart basin,western section of North Anatolian Fault System,Turkey

Advances in quality, acquisition and processing of high-resolution digital topography over the past decade have enabled geomorphologists to interpret topography in terms of tectonic processes in a quantitative and more objective way. This study defines the tectonic impact of the North Anatolian fault system (NAFS) on the evaluation and activity of the Bolu pull-apart basin using morphometric indices based on topographic maps. In this study, three different indices including valley floor width to height ratio (Vf), asymmetry factor (Af), and Stream Length Gradient Index (SL) are applied to the tectonic basin area. To detect the deviation from spatial randomness of applied indices, the weighted correlation coefficient Moran’s I is used, and results are interpreted at 99% confidence interval. According to the results, the tectonic impact of NAFS on the northern and western sides of the basin distinctly differs from one another. Clustered distribution of Vf and Af values on the southern side of the basin margin reveals that this side of the basin margin is tectonically more deformed compared with the northern side. The applied methodology reveals that the spatial analysis of the morphometric indices proved to be the effective tool in analyzing tectonic influence of the fault system on the opposite side of the basin margins.     

Buckling of cross-ply cylinders under hydrostatic pressure considering pressure stiffness

Buckling behavior of cross-ply cylinders under hydrostatic pressure is investigated using a semi-analytical finite element based on a consistent first order shear deformable shell theory. Potential loss due to external pressure, also called pressure stiffness (PS) is taken into account by making use of Koiter's related energy expression. A number of verification problems are solved and the numerical results are compared with the analytical results available in the literature and excellent agreement is observed. New numerical results are presented to assess the effect of PS on buckling due to hydrostatic pressure. It is shown that PS causes a decrease in the buckling load and this decrease depends on the size of the cylinder and the material. Also, issues related to thickness optimization are examined and optimal lamina thicknesses are determined for a number of cases with and without PS taken into account.     

Physical Characteristics of Umbral Dots Derived from a High-Resolution Observations

Solar Physics - We study the features of the magnetic field variations within the 2011 June 7 eruptive event that includes a large filament eruption, a flare, and a CME formation. The magnetic...     

Evaluation of sustainable water supply alternatives in karstified rock masses using GIS and AHP methodology for Antalya (Turkey) urban area

The demand for water by growing populations and agricultural operations in the Antalya urban area is expected to increase significantly in the near future. For that reason, alternative water sources are important to the future of Antalya. There are a large number of water sources around Antalya to meet the water needs of the city. These are classified as surface water, groundwater, and reclaimed water. One of the options considered is the provision of water from rock pores. Rock pore water has been adopted as a potential alternative for water resources in the area. It is proposed to drill horizontal galleries using the microtunnel machine to the rock masses in carbonate aquifers to obtain new water resources. This study presents a useful method to find water supply alternatives for urban areas like Antalya. In this study, karstified rock masses have been evaluated for the karst hydrosystems and water source from rock pores using geographic information systems and analytical hierarchy process. Additionally, this study discusses the practical value of the provision of water from rock pores, as well as the possibility of application and selection of potential areas.     

Evaluation of an abandoned aggregate quarry used for uncontrolled waste disposal using remote sensing technologies (Atabey,Isparta-Turkey)

Today, waste is an important environmental problem that needs to be solved. The way it is collected and managed should be considered with respect to the negative impact on the environment. Although the Atabey aggregate quarry was operated with natural sand-gravel until 2 years ago, it was closed due to technological renovation in the crushing-screening unit and uneconomic production. This area was later used by the Atabey Municipality as a waste storage area. Thus, uncontrolled storage occurred at the quarry site. As a result, new, more intensive environmental problems have emerged in the area, such as visual pollution and the pollution of groundwater. This paper evaluates the impact of municipal solid waste disposal in an abandoned quarry site on groundwater, land surface temperature, land surface moisture, and vegetation cover using GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and remote sensing technologies. According to the obtained results, the solid wastes stored in the area caused groundwater pollution, increased surface temperature, and reduced soil moisture.