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We briefly describe an advanced 3D gas dynamical model developed for the simulation of theenvironment of active cometary nuclei.
The model canhandle realistic nucleus shapes and alternative physical models for the gas and dust production mechanism.The
inner gas coma structure is computed by solving self-consistently(a) near to the surface the Boltzman Equation(b) outside
of it, Euler or Navier-Stokes equations.The dust distribution is computed from multifluid ``zero-temperature' Euler equations,extrapolated
with the help of a Keplerian fountain model.The evolution of the coma during the nucleus orbital and spin motion,is computed
as a succession of quasi-steady solutions. Earlier versions of the model using simple,``paedagogic' nuclei have demonstrated
that the surface orographyand the surface inhomogeneity contribute similarly to structuring the near-nucleusgas and dust coma,casting
a shadow on the automatic attribution of such structures to ``active areas'.The model was recently applied to comet P/Halley,
for whichthe nucleus shape is available. In the companion paper of this volume,we show that most near-nucleus dust structuresobserved
during the 1986 Halley flybys are reproduced, assuming that the nucleus is strictly homogeneous. Here, we investigate the
effect of shape perturbations and homogeneityperturbations. We show that the near nucleus gas coma structure is robust vis-a-vissuch
effects. In particular, a random distribution of active and inactive areaswould not affect considerably this structure, suggesting that such areas,even if present, could not be easily identified on images
of the coma. 相似文献
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Several directional discontinuities in the plasma tail of Comet Austin 1982g are apparent on photographs obtained by different observers between 1982 Augut 17.84 and August 21.85. Furthermore, anomalous changes in the orientation of the inner tail axis with respect to the projection on the sky of the prolonged radius vector are noticed. An analysis based on the wind-sock theory of plasma comet tail orientations shows that changes in the azimuthal component of the solar-wind velocity would have produced the observed anomalies. No satellite data on interplanetary conditions were available to check the existence of such a solar-wind event. A type II–IV solar radio event observed on August 17.64, followed by a geomagnetic storm in August 20.67, might denote, however, the existence of a solar flare-generated interplanetary disturbance. 相似文献
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Szegö Karoly Crifo Jean-François Rodionov Alexander V. Fulle Marco 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》2002,90(1-4):435-443
The cameras carried onboard the flyby missions to comet P/Halleyin 1986 imaged the near nuclear jet activity fromseveral spatial
directions. The observed, very structured near nucleardust jets were considered at that timeas the result of dust emission
from well localized active surface regions(without supporting 3-D model computations, however).Based on the first, recently
developed 3-D gas dynamical model ofP/Halley's activity,we have been shown that jet features can be reproduced assuming ahomogeneous
dusty icenucleus surface. The dust in the collisional near nuclear comais concentrated along the gas flow discontinuities
resulting from thecomplicated surface orography, creating the visual impression ofdust jets. We present here the results of
these calculations forthe near nucleus dust distributions,and we compare them with the direct observations made during thethree
Halley flybys (Vega 1, Vega 2, and Giotto). 相似文献
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