Middle-ear stiffness of the bottlenose dolphin tursiops truncatus

Previous research on the cetacean auditory system has consisted mostly of behavioral studies on a limited number of species. Little quantitative physiologic data exists on cetacean hearing. The frequency range of hearing varies greatly across different mammalian species. Differences among species correlate with differences in the middle-ear transfer function. Middle-ear transfer functions depend on the mechanical stiffness of the middle ear and the cochlear input impedance. The purpose of this study was to measure the middle-ear stiffness for the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), a species specialized for underwater high-frequency hearing and echolocation. Middle-ear stiffness was measured with a force probe that applied a known displacement to the stapes and measured the restoring force. The average middle-ear stiffness in ten dolphin ears was 1.37 N//spl mu/m, which is considerably higher than that reported for most terrestrial mammals. The relationship between middle-ear stiffness and low-frequency hearing cutoff in Tursiops was shown to be comparable to that of terrestrial mammals.     

Strong Tides in 1964 and 1982

1StrongtideandastronomicalconditionsPartial solar eclipse occurred 4 times in 1964, 1982 and 2000 respectively. Time interval is about 3 Saros periods (one Saros period is 18 years and 10.33～11.33 days). Total lunar eclipse occurred 2 times in 1964 and 2000 respectively and 3 times in 1982. However, there was no lunar eclipse in 1966, 1984 and 2002. It seems that they had similar astro-nomical conditions and the best was in 1982. The studies about the effect of tide on the global climate…     

βCephei变星的脉动不稳定带的研究(英文)

在本文中我们对两种不同的 βCephei变星的理论脉动不稳定带作了比较。它们具有明显的不同之处。为了确定这种变星的脉动不稳定带的轮廓 ,我们根据 4 9颗 βCephei变星的观测资料作了统计研究。在从样本星的色指数 (B -V) ,(U -B)和视差得到它们的有效温度和光度之后 ,我们发现在赫罗图上它们大多数是位于主序带内的。而且这些样本星的质量都位于 7M⊙ 到 30M⊙ 之间。和理论模型的比较表明我们提出的具有光度上边界和红蓝边界的 βCephei变星的理论脉动不稳定带跟观测吻合得更好     

格尔木地磁台观测环境测试与分析

通过实验测试和计算，分析了高压输出电线等干扰源对格尔木地磁台观测环境的影响，进一步对格尔木地磁台观测环境现状，及今后观测环境保护工作的要点进行了综合分析讨论。     

一次龙卷过程的多普勒天气雷达和闪电定位资料分析

利用WSR-98D多普勒天气雷达和闪电定位资料分析了2003年7月8日发生在安徽省无为县境内的一次龙卷过程。此次龙卷产生于低空急流左侧，动力、热力条件均为较有利的大尺度环境，多普勒雷达回波分析发现，龙卷起源于中高层向低层发展的中-γ尺度气旋中。闪电定位资料分析表明，龙卷发生前10min闪电活动开始频繁。龙卷出现后负地闪明显加大，且龙卷闪电存在于雷暴的发展后期、成熟和消亡阶段。此次龙卷的一些基本特征与通常结论有所不同，(1)雷达反射率因子小于通常结论；(2)龙卷风暴发展高度不是很高，回波顶高仅6～9km，类似于普通雷暴；(3)闪电活动中以负地闪为主，正地闪较少，并未出现正地闪一度占主导地位的现象。     

宁夏盛夏大雨和暴雨时的气流分析

一个地方降水量的大小取决于潮湿空气的向上输送。气层的湿度大,上升速度大,降水强度就大,反之降水强度小。在作暴雨预报吋,除注意大形势的特点和几种天气系统与大雨和暴雨的关系外,还需要从引起降水的水汽垂直输送条件去考虑。去年我们同兄弟省(区)协作搞的高原低气压系统的研究中,也发现当高原有低气压系统移出并引起本区     

北半球500百帕极地环流与厄尔尼诺、南方涛动及我国气温场的遥相关

本文用1951—1984年的资料对500百帕、65°N以北的高度场作自然正交展开,用模糊聚类对典型场归类。指出,极涡月平均场有三种形态,1月份平均场形态较特殊;大尺度距平场也有三种形态,4月份距平场形态较特殊。此外,研究了典型场的时间权重系数与厄尔尼诺、南方涛动的关系。指出,厄尔尼诺现象发生的当年4月、10月极地大尺度距平场有明显的异常特征。这种极地环流异常已明显影响到我国4月份、10月份的气温场。因而,可能是厄尔尼诺年我国气温4月偏低、10月偏高的一个重要原因。     

Micromorphological-investigation on the Earth's Critical Zone

Soils, the Earth＇s Critical Zone, play a vital and fundamental role in the Earth＇s terrain eco- environment system and human life. Although the concepts of soil/quality and sustainable development have been introduced for decades, we are still failing to understand how well soils function and they need tobe cared and protected. We have been increasingly witnessing and becoming the victim of shrinking forests,     

A possible explanation for the electron/positron excess of ATIC/PAMELA

Results from PAMELA and ATIC indicate that the Kaluza-Klein type dark matter particles could be the annihilation source of the observed excess of electrons and positrons.Assuming the existence of a nearby black hole with 10000–100000 solar masses and a point source boost algorithm,we apply the standard propagation model and find that the results fit the data well.