山东栖霞桃村地区中酸性火山-侵入杂岩岩石地球化学及其成因研究

山东栖霞桃村地区出露中生代中酸性火山-侵入杂岩,对采自桃村地区青山组下段的中酸性火山-侵入岩以进行了岩石学和地球化学研究。桃村地区的中酸性火成岩的地球化学特征为:高钾低钠,高铝低镁;Cr,Co,Ni含量较低,Sr/Y及(La/Yb)N比值很高;微量元素蛛网图显示富集不相容元素K,Rb,Ba和Th,以及不相容元素Ce,Hf和Ti,亏损高场强元素Ta,Nb以及P;轻重稀土元素分馏程度高,具有类似埃达克岩的性质。综合分析其地球化学特征显示,青山组下段中酸性杂岩为增厚的下地壳熔融,这种地壳的增厚作用可能由古太平洋板块俯冲作用引起,而在俯冲作用过程中青山组中酸性杂岩的源岩被俯冲沉积物混染。     

豫西三门峡地区温塘断裂第四纪活动性研究

温塘断裂位于鄂尔多斯块体东南缘,是三门峡盆地的东边界控制断裂,准确厘定其活动性对于理解区域构造演化和判断三门峡地区地震危险性具有重要意义。运用野外地质地貌调查、联合钻孔剖面探测及光释光定年技术,对三门峡地区温塘断裂的活动性进行分析与研究。结果表明,温塘断裂南段出露地表,线性特征明显,断层最新活动时代为晚更新世;温塘断裂中段为第四纪隐伏断裂,断层活动时代为中更新世;温塘断裂北段断层出露,断层活动时代为中更新世。     

上海城市发展的环境问题及其对策研究

上海市的发展战略;空间布局模式和环境管理是文章讨论的三个主要问题。作者认为:(1)战略设想要立足于上海的发展,“开发浦东、振兴上海、服务全国、面向世界;”(2)新的空间布局模式应为“逐步形成新的CBD,强化和完善金融和服务功能”;(3)城市发展和环境建设要协调。文章着重讨论了上海城市发展中出现的环境问题及其治理的对策和措施。     

Energy approach to unsaturated cyclic strength of sand

The mechanical response to cyclic loading of saturated cohesionless soils is usually investigated by means of effective stress method considering pore water pressure changes that lead to reduced strength and stiffness. On the other hand, the behavior of partially saturated sands is different from the behavior of saturated sand deposits. The development of negative pore water pressures in particular makes it difficult to estimate the behavior of partially saturated sands. The response of partially saturated sands, however, can be examined in a physically understandable manner by investigating their energy characteristics independently of pore pressure behavior. To establish a general framework for understanding the behavior of partially saturated sand, a total of 52 resonant column and dynamic torsional shear tests were conducted under undrained conditions. The effects of factors such as the amplitude of shear strain, relative density, saturation ratio and confining pressure on the dynamic characteristics of the sand and on energy dissipation were studied. The use of the energy concept in the evaluation of partially saturated soils is shown to be a promising method for the evaluation of the cyclic behavior of partially saturated sands.     

Current Vertical Motion Analysis of Northwestern Margin of Ordos Based on Precise Leveling

Ordos block was squeezed by the Qinghai-Tibetan block and North China block, and the tectonic activity was intense. In the periphery of Ordos block, there was a series of folds zones and compressed faults with complicate structures. This paper used three-phase data of 1980,1990 and 2014 to calculate vertical velocity of Northwestern margin of Ordos and the analytical results indicated that ① the Hetao basin between the rise of Yinshan fault block and Ordos fault block showed relatively subsidence, in which Linhe basin was the most evident and the subsidence rate was about 2-4mm/a. The subsidence rate of Jartai -Yinchuan rift zone on the western margin of Ordos block was about 2mm/a; ② the whole testing zone exhibited the evident inherited movement characterized by mountain rise and basin subsidence; ③the two leveling section through the northern margin fault and Dengkou-Benjing fault showed that the difference between vertical velocities on two sides of the fault was less than 0.5mm/a.     

一次极端寒潮天气过程等熵位涡分析

利用2016年1月1日至31日的FNL资料,对一次极端寒潮天气过程进行了等熵位涡分析。结果表明:高位涡主体由极涡分裂而来,前面低位涡区的阻挡与后侧低位涡大气的北上加强了位涡的经向交换,高位涡空气不断由极地向南输送,使得高位涡主体不断加强维持。高位涡在由北向南移动的同时,也由对流层顶向下输送。此次寒潮过程主要有3股冷空气由上而下发展,位置均在高空急流轴的北侧,最南端的一股下沉气流最旺盛,这是其与高空急流相互作用的结果。强盛的冷空气下沉使得寒潮影响范围触及我国华南地区。随着高位涡的向南向下传输,一方面引起对流层中高层低涡系统迅速发展,当它移到中国东部地区时,东亚大槽迅速加深,使槽后强冷空气迅速向南爆发;另一方面,在高位涡输送的过程中,其后侧有强烈的下沉运动,使得地面冷高压快速发展,导致强寒潮天气的爆发。     

Phytoplankton as an Indicator of Improving Water Quality in the Golden Horn Estuary

The variation in phytoplankton community as a response to improving water quality has been studied in the severely polluted Golden Horn Estuary (GHE). Phytoplankton data collected monthly for 4 years and a detailed set of environmental parameters clearly showed the remarkable change in the GHE. The GHE ecosystem did not respond to numerous rehabilitation efforts to improve water quality, unless strict measures were taken to enhance water circulation. The opening of a bridge operating on large buoys and release of high amounts of fresh water from a dam acted as the turning point for the whole system. The weakening of light limitation and anoxia at upper regions is followed by consecutive blooms of different species/groups and resulted in super-saturated dissolved oxygen concentrations and a significant decrease in nutrient concentrations. When compared to the pre-remediation period, average total eukaryotic phytoplankton abundance increased 11-fold in the lower estuary, while the increase in the upper estuary was over 3 × 10⁴ in the post-remediation period. In addition, species richness continuously increased through the study period and community structure showed very strong variability. Since the estuarine ecosystem is controlled by precipitation in the last decade, the increase in anthropogenic/terrestrial inputs following heavy rainfall had adversely affected water quality and phytoplankton.     

基于个体行为的多尺度城市空间重构及规划应用研究框架

中国城市转型面临多尺度的空间重构,从社区、中心城市到都市区、城市群等不同空间尺度。一方面,每个尺度上的空间组织特征及居民行为模式彻底改变;另一方面,一系列社会环境和自然环境问题出现并累积。面对城市发展的新格局和新问题,需要依托行为研究,梳理多尺度城市空间的概念体系,揭示其形成机理,判断其环境响应,并以低碳和和谐城市为导向,提出规划策略。具体内容包括:整合GPS、手机、网络、问卷和访谈等多种行为数据,建立中国城市多时空尺度居民行为数据库;分析城市、都市区和城市群尺度的城市空间组织模式和居民行为特征,创建基于个体行为的中国城市空间理论体系和研究范式;解析多尺度城市空间组织及居民行为模式与社会矛盾和碳排放之间的关系;以社会公正、和谐和低碳为导向,提出不同尺度城市空间调整优化策略和居民行为引导策略,面向居民生活质量和城市发展可持续性的提升,推动形成多尺度的居民生活圈和城市空间单元。     

Soil gas radon concentrations along the Ganos Fault (GF)

In this study, soil radon levels have been measured for the first time across the Ganos fault (GF), which is known as the western part of the North Anatolian Fault Zone. LR 115 Type 2 Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (time integrated) have been applied to determine soil gas radon levels, and the survey was performed in 16 stations along the fault line. The results showed that soil gas radon concentrations and variation of concentration levels are comparable high along the fault line. It is also observed that in the middle of the Ganos Fault, fairly elevated radon levels were detected. These can be related to the activity of the fault lines. It is confirmed that the study area has a very active tectonic structure and is great location for analyzing radon variations.