黄河三角洲桩西101站潮沟地貌形态及其水动力学研究

在潮沟下游，横跨且生趣与潮沟的横断面设了５个观测站，进行了２４ｈ的水动力测量。结果表明，涨落潮流速流向不对称，在潮沟内，涨落潮流流速差别很大，涨潮流流速最大为９ｃｍ／２，而落潮流流速最大可达３８ｃｍ／ｓ。据推测，潮沟内之所以落潮流流速明显大于涨潮流流速，可能是由于潮沟与岸线斜交有关。     

大尺度海岸行为

大尺度海岸行为ＪｅｆｆｒｅｙＨ．Ｌｉｓｔ等该题目是指对海岸和近岸沉积系统的了解，以及对发生在该系统中的变化的预测。Ｌｉｓｔ（１９９３）定义大尺度海岸行为是几十年的时间尺度内、几至几十公里空间范围内的海岸物理演化．Ｔｅｒｗｉｎｄｔ和Ｗｉｊｎｂｅｒｇ（１...     

阿拉伯海的扩张历史：某些新的控制条件

根据海台、无震海岭．活动洋中脊以及几条破碎带，可把阿拉伯海划分成几个深海盆地．这些盆地的进化历史已从地球物理的研究中推演出来．东阿拉伯海盆(EAB)位于Laxmi-Laceadive海岭及印度的西部大陆坡之间，被认为其下伏是由裂谷和相关过程形成的过渡地壳，     

河北唐山曹妃甸浅滩潮道(纳潮河)开通过程及开通意义

曹妃甸填海工程初期规划有明显缺陷,填海面积过大,尤其是阻断了浅滩潮道(纳潮河),对海洋环境、老龙沟港口潜力区有明显损害。作者的积极建议和相关论文的发表促成了2007年曹妃甸新填海规划的出台,其中保留浅滩潮道(即开通纳潮河)和在老龙沟上游修建大港池是新规划的主要改进内容。阻断浅滩潮道后曹妃甸区域的地形地貌及水动力变化证实了作者观点的正确性。纳潮河于2016年8月开通。纳潮河的开通,可大大提升曹妃甸景观,增加约40 km不淤积的优良海岸线,部分恢复原海洋潮流系统和保护海洋环境,促进海水的循环,并使曹妃甸的几个港池不再淤积或淤积变轻。     

中国南部海域主要断裂类型、分布及地质特征

中国南部海区及邻域1∶1 000 000地质地球物理系列图已编制完成并即将出版,区域构造图是其中的主要图件之一,据此成果,讨论了中国南部海域主要断裂类型、分布及地质特征。主要断裂类型有俯冲带、碰撞缝合带、转换断层、扩张脊型断裂、大型走滑断裂及深大断裂等。根据断裂规模及控制的地质构造单元性质划分出了一级断裂和二级断裂。一级断裂主要是指俯冲带、碰撞缝合带或者控制构造域、地块之间界线的深大断裂;二级断裂主要是控制隆褶带、海盆区以及大型沉积盆地的深大断裂。这些断裂大多具有形成时期早、规模大、断层延伸远、断距大甚至多次活动的特征。     

日本海南部地区的地质和构造运动

日本海南部地区的地质构造可根据海底地形特征及地震反射剖面而了解，因为地形特征和地层的上超和顶超界限被认为与该区的构造运动密切相关。     

南黄海中部全新世磁性铁质球粒富集层的发现和意义

国际上对于微玻璃陨石、磁性铁质球粒方面的研究取得了不少进展,包括研究其年代学、分布特征、矿物学特征、地球化学特征等[1~5].人们认为,形成这些微玻璃陨石、磁性铁质球粒的地质事件对生物灭绝、古气候、古环境演变有明显影响[3,6,7].     

Matching solute breakthrough with deterministic and stochastic aquifer models

Two different deterministic and two alternative stochastic (i.e., geostatistical) approaches to modeling the distribution of hydraulic conductivity (K) in a nonuniform (sigma2ln(K)) = 0.29) glacial sand aquifer were used to explore the influence of conceptual model selection on simulations of three-dimensional tracer movement. The deterministic K models employed included a homogeneous effective K and a perfectly stratified 14 layer model. Stochastic K models were constructed using sequential Gaussian simulation and sequential i ndicator simulation conditioned to available K values estimated from measured grain size distributions. Standard simulation software packages MODFLOW, MT3DMS, and MODPATH were used to model three-dimensional ground water flow and transport in a field tracer test, where a pulse of bromide was injected through an array of three fully screened wells and extracted through a single fully screened well approximately 8 m away. Agreement between observed and simulated transport behavior was assessed through direct comparison of breakthrough curves (BTCs) and selected breakthrough metrics at the extraction well and at 26 individual multilevel sample ports distributed irregularly between the injection and extraction wells. Results indicate that conceptual models incorporating formation variability are better able to capture observed breakthrough behavior. Root mean square (RMS) error of the deterministic models bracketed the ensemble mean RMS error of stochastic models for simulated concentration vs. time series, but not for individual BTC characteristic metrics. The spatial variability models evaluated here may be better suited to simulating breakthrough behavior measured in wells screened over large intervals than at arbitrarily distributed observation points within a nonuniform aquifer domain.