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We derived the age-metallicity relation for the solar neighbourhood from theuvby, H photometry of F-stars using the evolutionary models of Hejlesen (1980). It is shown that disk formation is divided into two phases according to the fast and slow collapse which accompany the initial rapid enrichment and slow increase of the metallicity of the galactic disk, respectively.Paper presented at the IAU Third Asian-Pacific Regional Meeting, held in Kyoto, Japan, between 30 September–6 October, 1984. 相似文献
4.
海洋中大多数区域的海流,特别是流速较强的海流,其性质以地转流为主。所以,海流流速流向的变化与海面的横流坡度,亦即横流两侧的水位差有着密切的关系。
一百多年前,Peslin(1872)首先将地转方程应用于墨西哥湾流上。后来,Dietrich(1946)引用丹麦灯船上所进行的海流观测结果和卡特加特海峡两侧岛上的水位观测结果,证实了地转方程的实用意义。
到目前为止,已有许多作者应用流速和横流水位差的这一关系,探讨了世界大洋和海峡等处海流的变动规律。例如,Montgomery(1938,1941),Hela(1952),Stommel(1953)及Wunsch等(1969)讨论了佛罗里达海流和湾流的季节变化与水位的关系;森安茂松(Moriyasu, 1961)和二谷颖男(1973)等讨论了水位与黑潮海况以及流速流量的关系;Wyrtki(1973, 1974a, 1974b)研究了西太平洋赤道流、赤道逆流流速流量的季节变化和海流两侧岛屿的水位差的关系。还有Sok-U Yi(1970)研究了朝鲜海峡中水位与对马暖流表层流速季节变化的关系;ΓaлepKИЧ等(1962)也曾讨论了爪哇海水位与流速的关系。
关于我国的台湾海峡,Wyrtki(1957,1961) 曾给出了台湾海峡表层流速的季节变化曲线,并将流速与高雄-澳门断面的水位差作了比较,绘制了两者的相关图。
现在,几乎普遍地认为:沿岸和岛屿上所进行的水位观测,可为研究海流变动规律提供方便、准确和连续的资料,是监视海流变动最合适的途径之一。
本文应用手头所有的资料,一方面从多年平均情况来讨论台湾海峡表层月平均流速与两岸月平均水位差的关系;另一方面以各年各月情况为例,来分析两岸水位差与海峡西岸水位的关系,供研究台湾海峡海流趋势预报方法时参考。 相似文献
5.
Wave-Current Forces on Slender Circular Cylinders 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Li Yucheng Wang Fenglong Kang Haigui Professor Dalian University of Technology Dalian Senior Engineer Dalian University of Technology Dalian Lecturer Dalian University of Technology Dalian 《中国海洋工程》1991,(3)
- A series model tests of wave forces by both regular and irregular waves combined with currents on single piles and bipiles in tandem and parallel arrays have been carried out. Based on Morison Equation, linear wave theory and linear wave spectrum theory as well, the characteristics of inline, lift and resultant forces on cylinders have been analyzed respectively. The drag, inertia and lift coefficients CD, CM and CL f皉 single piles related to KC number and the grouping effect coefficients of inline, lift and resultant forces on bipiles in tandem and parallel arrays related to KC number are given in this paper. 相似文献
6.
Ecological characteristics of Walleye pollock eggs and larvae in the southeastern Bering Sea during the late 1970s 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kyung-Mi Jung Sukyung Kang Suam Kim Arthur W. Kendall Jr. 《Journal of Oceanography》2006,62(6):859-871
Walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) is an ecologically and economically important groundfish in the eastern Bering Sea. Its population size fluctuates widely,
driving and being driven by changes in other components of the ecosystem. It is becoming apparent that dramatic shifts in
climate occur on a decadal scale, and these “regime shifts” strongly affect the biota. This paper examines quantitative collections
of planktonic eggs and larvae of pollock from the southeastern Bering Sea during 1976–1979. Mortality, advection, and growth
rates were estimated, and compared among the years encompassing the 1970s’ regime shift. These data indicate that pollock
spawning starts in late February over the basin north of Bogoslof Island. Over the shelf, most spawning occurs north of Unimak
Island near the 100 m isobath in early or mid April. Pollock eggs are advected to the northwest from the main spawning area
at 5–10 cm/sec. Larvae are found over the basin north of Bogoslof Island in April, and over the shelf between Unimak Island
and the Priblof Islands in May. Compared to 1977, the spawning period appeared to be later in 1976 (a cold year) and earlier
in 1978 (a warm year) in the study area. At the lower temperatures in 1976, egg duration would be longer and thus egg mortality
would operate over a longer period than in the other years. Mean larval growth appeared to be lower in 1976 than in 1977 and
1979. Estimated egg mortality rate in 1977 was 0.6 in April and 0.3 in early May. 相似文献
7.
A study of sea surface wave propagation and its energy deformation was carried out using field observations and numerical experiments over a region spanning the midshelf of the South Atlantic Bight (SAB) to the Altamaha River Estuary, GA. Wave heights on the shelf region correlate with the wind observations and directional observations show that most of the wave energy is incident from the easterly direction. Comparing midshelf and inner shelf wave heights during a time when there was no wind and hence no wave development led to an estimation of wave energy dissipation due to bottom friction with corresponding wave dissipation factor of 0.07 for the gently sloping continental shelf of the SAB. After interacting with the shoaling region of the Altamaha River, the wave energy within the estuary becomes periodic in time showing wave energy during flood to high water phase of the tide and very little wave energy during ebb to low water. This periodic modulation inside the estuary is a direct result of enhanced depth and current-induced wave breaking that occurs at the ebb shoaling region surrounding the Altamaha River mouth at longitude 81.23°W. Modelling results with STWAVE showed that depth-induced wave breaking is more important during the low water phase of the tide than current-induced wave breaking during the ebb phase of the tide. During the flood to high water phase of the tide, wave energy propagates into the estuary. Measurements of the significant wave height within the estuary showed a maximum wave height difference of 0.4 m between the slack high water (SHW) and slack low water (SLW). In this shallow environment these wave–current interactions lead to an apparent bottom roughness that is increased from typical hydraulic roughness values, leading to an enhanced bottom friction coefficient. 相似文献
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Young-Ok Kim Eun Jin Yang Jung-Hoon Kang Kyoungsoon Shin Man Chang Cheol Soo Myung 《Ocean Science Journal》2007,42(1):9-17
The summer distributions of planktonic microbial communities (heterotrophic and phtosynthetic bacteria, phtosynthetic and
heterotrophic nanoflagellates, ciliate plankton, and microphytoplankton) were compared between inner and outer areas of Lake
Sihwa, divided by an artificial breakwater, located on the western coast of Korea, in September 2003. The semienclosed, inner
area was characterized by hyposaline surface water (<17 psu), and by low concentrations of dissolved oxygen (avg. 0.4 mg L1) and high concentrations of inorganic nutrients (nitrogenous nutrients >36 μM, phosphate <4 μM) in the bottom layer. Higher
densities of heterotrophic bacteria and nanoflagellates also occurred in the inner area than did in the outer area, while
microphytoplankton (mainly diatoms) occurred abundantly in the outer area. A tiny tintinnid ciliate, Tintinnopsis nana, bloomed
into more than 106 cells L1 at the surface layer of the inner area, while its abundance was much lower (103-104 cells L1) in the outer area of the breakwater. Ciliate abundance was highly correlated with heterotrophic bacteria (r = 0.886, p <
0.001) and heterotrophic flagellates (r = 0.962, p < 0.001), indicating that rich food availability may have led to theT. nana bloom. These results suggest that the breakwater causes the eutrophic environment in artificial lakes with limited flushing
of enriched water and develops into abundant bacteria, nanoflagellates, and ciliates. 相似文献
10.
Lynne D. Talley Pavel Tishchenko Vladimir Luchin Alexander Nedashkovskiy Sergey Sagalaev Dong-Jin Kang Mark Warner Dong-Ha Min 《Progress in Oceanography》2004,61(2-4):277
Hydrographic properties from CTD and discrete bottle sample profiles covering the Japan (East) Sea in summer, 1999, are presented in vertical sections, maps at standard depths, maps on isopycnal surfaces, and as property–property distributions. This data set covers most of the Sea with the exception of the western boundary region and northern Tatar Strait, and includes nutrients, pH, alkalinity, and chlorofluorocarbons, as well as the usual temperature, salinity, and oxygen observations. 相似文献