Discovery of a New Class of Predicted Resonance Objects beyond Jupiter

In the regions of mean diurnal motions between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn, predicted earlier by the authors, five asteroids have been discovered that move in 1:2 and 2:3 Lindblad orbital resonances with Jupiter (external orbital commensurability) and in 2:1 resonance with Saturn (internal version of commensurability). In addition to this, in the precalculated stable resonance zones between the giant planets Saturn and Uranus, three objects have been found that possess third-order (2:5) orbital commensurability with Saturn; nine objects have been discovered between the orbits of Uranus and Neptune, whose mean motions are in 1:3 and 1:4 orbital resonances with Saturn, and more than 200 libration-stable objects, linked by lower-order orbital resonances with Neptune and Uranus have been found in the Kuiper belt.     

Archaeal Communities of Frozen Quaternary Sediments of Marine Origin on the Coast of Western Spitsbergen

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The archaeal composition of permafrost samples taken during the drilling of frozen marine sediments in the area of the Barentsburg coal mine on the east...     

Comparison of variable-length codes: Elias and Fibonacci codes as applied to problems of data compression

The analysis of the recorded geophysical information shows that there is a large spread in probability of instrument readings at the moment of seismic activity. In order to lower demands for computer data resources and decrease the power consumption when applying autonomous computer-based systems, the coding algorithms with minimal requirements for the involvement of the computer central processor and, as a consequence, its power consumption are used. These include the Huffman static algorithm and algorithms using Elias, Rice, Golomb, and Fibonacci codes. The application of Fibonacci codes for coding this information leads to a gain in compression ratio of 10–30% relative to other coding methods.     

An Aerosol Model of the Marine and Coastal Atmospheric Surface Layer

We present a microphysical model for the surface layer marine and coastal atmospheric aerosols that is based on long-term observations of size distributions for 0.01–100 µm particles. The fundamental feature of the model is a parameterization of amplitudes and widths for aerosol modes of the aerosol size distribution function (ASDF) as functions of fetch and wind speed. The shape of ASDF and its dependence on meteorological parameters, height above sea level (H), fetch (X), wind speed (U) and relative humidity (RH), are investigated. At present, the model covers the ranges H = 0–25 m, U?=?3–18 km s^?1, X?≤?120 km and RH?=?40–98%.

The latest version of the Marine Aerosol Extinction Profiles model (MaexPro) is described and applied to the computation and analysis of the spectral profiles of aerosol extinction coefficients α(λ) in the wavelength band λ?=?0.2–12 µm. MaexPro is based on the aforementioned aerosol model assuming spherically shaped aerosol particles and the well-known Mie theory.

The spectral profiles of α(λ) calculated by MaexPro are in good agreement with observational data and the numerical results obtained from the Navy Aerosol Model (NAM) and the Advanced Navy Aerosol Model (ANAM). Moreover, MaexPro was found to be an accurate and reliable tool for investigating the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols.     

Methods of data compression in geophysical research

The urgent geophysical research problem of seismic data storage is considered. To reduce the volume of the stored data, it is suggested to compress data, i.e., to eliminate the information redundancy using algorithms of reversible compression (compression without data loss, nondistorting compression). A review of modern compression algorithms is given. Recommendations on using compression algorithms for accumulation as well as storage of seismic data are offered.