Oxidative stress in ecotoxicology: from the analysis of individual antioxidants to a more integrated approach

An integrate approach will be discussed for investigations on oxidative stress in xenobiotic toxicity. While the analysis of individual antioxidants is useful for their sensitivity and to understand the mode of action of a stressor, the integration with the analysis of the total antioxidant capacity provides a more holistic assessment of the overall biological significance of such variations. TOSC has a greater predictive value on the health condition of the organisms and allows to discriminate the different role of specific ROS in oxidative stress syndrome.     

Phytoremediation of small-scale oil spills in fresh marsh environments: a mesocosm simulation

Research was conducted to assess the impact of oiling on fresh-marsh plant communities and to test the efficacy of techniques that may be used to enhance the bioremediation of crude oil spills in these environments while minimizing secondary anthropogenic impacts. To emulate field conditions, a mesocosm facility was used that houses 120 mesocosm vessels, each of 200-1 capacity. A five-way factorial treatment arrangement was used that included two substrates (inorganic, organic), two nutrient regimes (fertilized, not fertilized), two aeration levels (substrate aeration, no aeration), three oiling concentrations (0-, 5-, 10-1 m(-2) of South Louisiana Sweet Crude oil), and four vascular plant species (Alternanthera philoxeroides, Panicum hemitomon, Phragmites australis, Sagittaria lancifolia, and an unplanted control). Under the 5- and 10-1 m(-2) oiling concentrations, S. lancifolia displayed a short-term response of increased productivity, whereas P. hemitomon had the highest biomass production and photosynthetic rates at the end of the 18-month experiment. Overall plant growth and productivity, as well as oil degradation, were significantly higher in the inorganic substrate, indicating that biodegradation of oil spills in organic substrates may require a longer time period. Time-released fertilizer also stimulated plant productivity and resulted in higher soil respiratory quotients, suggestive of greater microbial activity, particularly in aerated mesocosms. The amount of oil remaining after 18 months was lowest in aerated and fertilized mesocosms containing either P. hemitomon or S. lancifolia and a substrate of low organic matter content.     

贝克石油工具公司推出新型油藏优化系统

在2007年SPE年会上,贝克石油工具公司发布了最新设计完成的油藏优化系统EQUALIZER。该系统可以有效地解决水平井、多分支井和大斜度井出现的早期水气突破等完井问题,延长油井寿命,利用较少的井眼与油藏保持更大的接触面积,最大限度地提高油气采收率,增加油田的经济效益。     

日本计划开采海底“可燃冰”

近来,迫于发展需求、急于改变能源依赖他人局面的日本,把目光投向了海底“可燃冰”。     

中石化将MPD技术成功应用于沙特B区块

近日,中石化国际勘探公司将MPD技术首次应用到沙特B区块,在FRAS-0001井下部井眼应用,钻井过程中随钻点火,发现多套气层,取得海外勘探的重大油气发现。     

曹妃甸首钻多分支水平井成功

由科麦奇担任作业者的曹妃甸油田借鉴中方在渤海油田钻多分支水平井的成功经验,首次采用这项技术获得成功,先后钻成曹妃甸11—1A-53H和曹妃甸11—1A-50H两口井,并顺利投产获得高产原油。截至6月11日,曹妃甸11—1A-53H井连续平稳生产29天,日产量已达1600桶,比钻前预计日产量增加120桶;曹妃甸11—1A-50H投产初期日产量达3350桶,比钻前预计日产量增加500桶。     

挪威提出深层油气勘探黄金地带理论

挪威斯塔万格大学科技学院前院长佩尔·阿内尔·比约库姆和挪威国家石油公司两位研究员经过10年研究,最近提出了油气勘探黄金地带理论,并经过了全球12万个已知油气田数据的验证。     

我国财政将加大节能支持力度

日前,中国财政部副部长张少春说,按照《节约能源法》要求,财政部今后将继续加大支持力度,抓紧完善各项财税政策,建立健全节能长效机制。     

韩国三星重工制造出世界上最大的液化天然气船

韩国三星重工日前在巨济造船厂举行了世界最大规模的26．6×10^4m^3容量级液化天然气船命名仪式。该船以卡塔尔王妃的名字“Mozah”命名。