饲料中不同糖源对皱纹盘鲍体脂组成的影响

采用单因素实验设计研究饲料中分别添加6种不同糖源(糊精、糊化小麦淀粉、小麦淀粉、玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉和马铃薯淀粉)对皱纹盘鲍甘油三酯、胆固醇及脂肪酸含量的影响.实验共设6个处理,每个处理设3个重复,每个重复放养30只鲍,壳长:(29.98±0.09)mm,体重:(3.42±0.02)g;在水温18～20 ℃的循环水系统中进行为期24周的养殖实验.结果表明,摄食糊精、糊化小麦淀粉和小麦淀粉组鲍血清甘油三酯含量显著高于玉米淀粉组(P<0.05),摄食糊精和糊化小麦淀粉组鲍血清胆固醇含量显著高于玉米淀粉组(P<0.05).摄食玉米淀粉组鲍肝胰脏中饱和脂肪酸C16∶0含量显著低于小麦淀粉、木薯淀粉和马铃薯淀粉组(P<0.05);肌肉和肝胰脏中饱和脂肪酸C18∶0含量在摄食糊精组鲍中最低;肌肉C18∶3n-3含量在摄食木薯和马铃薯淀粉组鲍中最低并显著低于其他饲料组(P<0.05),而肝胰脏C18∶3n-3含量则在摄食糊精和糊化小麦淀粉组鲍中最低;摄食糊精组鲍肌肉C20∶4n-6含量显著低于小麦淀粉、玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉和马铃薯淀粉组(P<0.05),摄食糊化小麦淀粉组鲍肝胰脏C20∶4n-6含量显著低于玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉和马铃薯淀粉组(P<0.05);肌肉C22∶6n-3含量在摄食糊精和糊化小麦淀粉组鲍中显著低于小麦淀粉和马铃薯淀粉组(P<0.05).总体来说,皱纹盘鲍摄食结构相对简单的糖源(糊精、糊化小麦淀粉和小麦淀粉)能够增加血清甘油三酯和胆固醇的含量,以淀粉为来源的多糖(小麦淀粉、玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉和马铃薯淀粉)使鲍体多不饱和脂肪酸含量升高.     

The assessment of health impact caused by energy use in urban areas of China: an intake fraction–based analysis

The Indian Ocean Tsunami of December 2004 caused inundation of seawater along the Northern coast of Tamil Nadu, India, resulting in loss of 8,000 people with extensive damage to properties. The paper describes the inundation of seawater in two northern districts, namely Kancheepuram and Villupuram districts, which showed distinct patterns of inundation of seawater and run-up levels due to variations in geomorphic features. TUNAMI N2 model was used to predict the seawater inundation for earthquakes occurred in 1881 at Car Nicobar, Sumatra 2004 and a worst-case scenario. The coastal areas with beaches having gentle slope showed more inundation compared with coastal areas having varied slope and habited by sand dunes and coastal vegetation. Appreciable inundation of seawater with tsunami simulated for 1881 Car Nicobar indicated that proximity to the source plays a major role besides earthquake parameters in causing inundation. The worst-case scenario generated from subduction zone of Car Nicobar using Sumatra 2004 earthquake parameters revealed extreme vulnerability of coasts of both the districts to giant tsunamis.     

Phenotypic plasticity of floral traits and pollination adaption in an alpine plant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pedicularis siphonantha</Emphasis> D. Don when transplanted from higher to lower elevation in Eastern Himalaya

Phenotypic plasticity and/or pollinator-mediated selection may be responsible for the changes in floral traits of plants when they are forced to live in new conditions. Although the two events could be independent, we hypothesized that phenotypic plasticity in floral traits might help to coordinate plant-pollinator interactions and enhance plant reproductive success in changing habitats. To test this hypothesis, we investigated floral traits and pollination on three natural populations of a lousewort (Pedicularis siphonantha) ranging at different elevations, as well as two downward transplanted populations in Shangeri-La County and Deqin County, northwest Yunnan, China. The results indicated that floral traits, i.e. phenology, longevity, display size, corolla tube length and pollen production differed significantly among populations. Moreover, or the two transplanted populations, floral traits diverged from their original populations, but converged to their host populations. Although the phenotypic plasticity in floral traits might be a rapid response to abiotic factor such as warmer environment, the changes in floral traits were found to be well adapted to pollination environment of the host population. Compared with plants of their original habitats in higher elevation, the transplanted individuals advanced flowering time, shortened flower longevity, reduced floral display size and pollen production, received higher visiting frequency and yielded more seeds. These findings suggested that phenotypic plasticity of floral traits might help plants adjust their resource allocation strategy between preand post-pollination stages in response to harsh or temperate conditions, which might correspondingly meet a pollinator-poor or hyphen rich environment. This would be beneficial for the widely-distributed species to adapt to various environmental changes.     

基于CMIP5模式安徽省植被净初级生产力预估

利用耦合模式比较计划第5阶段（CMIP5）中5个全球气候模式3种典型浓度路径（RCPs）预估结果,基于植被净初级生产力模型,估算安徽省21世纪近期（2018—2030年)、中期（2031—2050年）和远期（2051—2099年）植被净初级生产力及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明：对不同模式在安徽省模拟能力的评估可知,气温以多模式集合模拟效果优于单个模式,MIROC-ESM-CHEM对降水的模拟能力较好。未来安徽省将持续变暖,北部变暖幅度高于南部,其中RCP8.5情景下变暖趋势更显著;全省降水量将增加,南部增加多于北部。随着气候趋于暖湿化,植被净初级生产力总体增加;与基准年相比,21世纪近期增加不明显,中后期显著增加,空间上南部增加总体高于北部。从气候变化响应来看,安徽省植被净初级生产力与降水量和平均气温均显著相关,并且对降水量的响应程度更高。     

Tectonic control on effective elastic thickness over the Northeast Indian Seamount Province and surrounding regions

Marine Geophysical Research - Gas hydrate is regarded as a kind of important energy resource in the recent decades. The identification of gas hydrate is a hot issue for researchers all over the...     

基于一种反余切紧凑约束的电磁波走时层析研究

电磁波走时层析可用于空洞和孤石等离散块体异常的探测中.在传统电磁波走时层析中,通常采用一个低阶差分泛函来稳定反演过程,而这类泛函都具有光滑约束的性质,在成像结果中难以对此类离散块体异常进行准确的解释.本文基于Tikhonov正则化思想,提出了一种反余切泛函,该泛函具有紧凑约束的性质且无需选择一个聚焦因子.结合弯曲胖射线层析理论和重加权正则化共轭梯度反演算法,对两个理论模型进行了成像效果研究.与低阶差分泛函和最小支撑泛函的成像结果相比,该方法能够更好地突出异常的边界,成像结果中的虚假异常也要更少.同时,还分析讨论了激发电磁波的中心频率以及数据噪音对成像结果的影响.此外,针对一个地下连续墙墙体内部缺陷的现场模型,利用该方法取得了理想的成像结果,良好地揭示了缺陷的形态和位置.

     

分形介质与分形地层

由于地层的二元特征,对地层和地下介质有两种不同的认识倾向,即旋回性(准周期性)和随机性。实际的地下介质物性参数的变化以及地层的分布在一般意义上更具有分形和多重分形的特征,而准周期性和随机性只是其中的两种特别情况。与之类似,地层的过渡也不应该是简单的阶梯函数,而应该是由更具有一般意义的启动函数来描述。通过分析一套实际的多重分形碳酸盐岩沉积层序并对其可能指示的古环境和古海平面的变化进行了初步探讨。