The elemination of re-reflected waves by a porous medium of finite thickness

The elimination of re-reflected waves in a wave channel by installing a porous medium in front of the wavemaker is investigated. The thickness of the porous wall required to eliminate the re-reflected waves is shown to be related to th porosity, friction coefficient, and wave period, as well as to both the positions of the porous medium and the test structure. However, this study indicates that the goal of eliminating re-reflected waves can be achieved by simply varying the thickness of the porous medium according to the wave period, with all the other factors arbitrarily selected.Assuming that the oscillation amplitude of the wavemaker board is constant, the primitive wave amplitude, before reaching the porous medium, becomes smaller as the wave period is increased. In addition, the study found that the required thickness of the porous medium for eliminating the re-reflected wave becomes larger as the wave period is increased. This results in a trend which further reduces the wave amplitude after the wave passes through the porous medium. In consequence, the oscillation amplitude of a wavemaker board has to be adjusted in a larger scale if the wave period is to be increased.     

3株海洋来源微生物代谢产物及其抗肿瘤活性

从3株海洋微生物发酵物的抗肿瘤活性部位分离鉴定了放线菌内酯素(1)、2-吡咯酸(2)、5,7,4'-三羟基异黄酮(3)、7,4'-二羟基异黄酮(4)、环(脯-甘)二肽(5)、N-甲酰基-星形孢菌素(6)、过氧化麦角甾醇(7)、6,9-环氧麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3-醇(8)等8个化合物。这些化合物分别产自2株放线菌L39-3(1和2)、L20-1d1(3~6)和1株真菌LJW-110(7和8)。抗肿瘤活性初步测试结果表明,除2和5以外对K562细胞均有不同程度抑制作用,在100μg/mL浓度下的抑制率约在32%~66%范围之内。     

2株无抗肿瘤活性放线菌野生株的抗生素抗性突变株及其抗肿瘤活性筛选

以2株放线菌无活性野生株M15(海洋)和M13(陆地)为原始菌,利用核糖体工程抗性筛选技术,通过对M15的链霉素、新霉素、利福平、庆大霉素抗性筛选,得到抗性突变株共63株,经对M13的链霉素抗性筛选,得到链霉素抗性突变株18株。其中,6株M15突变株在活性测试中示有抗肿瘤活性,100μg/mL样品对K562细胞的抑制率大于30%,活性最强的1株新霉素8μg/mL抗性突变株CTM154-8N抑制率高达93.3%,而从M13突变株中没有发现活性突变株。     

基于单能窄束伽马射线算法计算高分辨率屏蔽自然伽马探测器的三维测井响应

本文应用单能窄束伽马射线理论建立高分辨率屏蔽自然伽马探测器三维测井响应的数值模拟算法.首先利用单能窄束原理,用稳态扩散方程描述伽马光子密度的空间分布,根据扩散方程基本解、放射源空间分布、探测器位置和屏蔽情况,将屏蔽探测器上的总伽马通量表示成放射性地层中的有效探测区域上的体积分和晶体表面上有效接收面的面积分形式.并根据伽马射线传播路径和探测器屏蔽情况,给出有效探测区域的解析表达式,通过数值积分法计算任意复杂情况下探测器上的自然伽马通量,获得伽马测井响应的3D数值模拟算法.并通过数值模拟结果与模型井数据的对比验证了该算法的有效性.最后通过3D数值模拟算法系统研究考察晶体形状（圆柱形晶体、方形晶体）、晶体长度、仪器在井轴中的位置（居中屏蔽探测器、贴井壁屏蔽探测器）、以及测速等不同情况下自然伽马测井响应,设计出新型高分辨率自然伽马测井仪器.     

黄河包头段常见离子对重金属在沉积物上吸附影响机制研究

常见阴阳离子对重金属在黄河包头段相对清洁河段表层沉积物中的吸附影响研究结果表明,不同的环境离子浓度范围内,起主导作用的影响机制不同,黄河包头段水环境中Na 、Mg2 和Ca2 对Zn2 的吸附影响较大,K 对Cu2 、Pb2 、Zn2 和Cd2 吸附影响均较大,Cl-、SO2-4对Cu2 、Pb2 、Zn2 和Cd2 的吸附影响均较小,而HCO-3;对Pb2 的影响较小,对Cu2 、Zn2 、Cd2 的吸附影响较大.     

基于时间序列的地表温度反演:以松江河地区为例

为研究同一地区不同时相的地表温度受植被和地表状况等因素影响后,其温度变化程度的差异,以Landsat 5 TM和Landsat 7 ETM+热红外数据为数据源,采用辐射传输方程法分别反演了松江河地区12个不同月份的地表真实温度,并分析出现稳态温度异常地段的影响因素,计算12个月的温度反演结果的均值和方差。结果表明:1平均值图像中的温度异常区域与绝大部分时相图像的温度异常区域十分相似,图像西北区域和中心区域出现较多温度异常。2方差图像中原系列图像中高温异常的区域,其方差也较大,即时间序列上温度波动较大;原系列图像中植被覆盖度较高的区域,其方差较小,即时间序列上温度变化较为稳定。     

A theoretical study on a permanent wavefilter

This paper investigates a wavefilter which could effectively eliminate re-reflected waves generated in a wave flume over a certain range of wave periods. The wavefilter is not required to change its thickness for different incoming wave periods and is, therefore, termed here a permanent wavefilter. The structure comprises of a set of multilayer porous media. Their related properties such as porosities, friction factors and thickness are sought with the hope of developing a structure which could serve the desired purpose.A theoretical study has been performed. It was found that a multilayer porous media could eliminate re-reflected waves without resorting to adjusting the medium property whenever wave period changes, only if the thickness of the media has to exceed a certain amount.Generally speaking, a thicker multilayer porous media is needed for longer-period waves, while a thinner one is suitable for shorter-period waves. The wavefilter considered here could serve both eliminating re-reflected waves and also providing a desired median wave height if all of those related factors of the media have been properly selected and if the generated waves are restricted to not too wide a range of wave periods. However, it is unlikely that a wavefilter with fixed thickness can remain effective over too wide a range of wave period.     

An approach for eliminating re-reflected waves

Theoretical and experimental studies were conducted to eliminate the re-reflected waves in a wave channel by installing a wavefilter in front of the wavemaker. A thin porous mesh is installed in front of the wavemaker.to serve as a wavefilter. A porous-effect parameter [Chwang, A. T. and Li, W. (1983), A piston-type porous wavemaker theory. J. Engng Math. 17, 301–313], G₀ = bω/μL₀, is employed to characterize the transmissability of the wavefilter. Theoretical relationships are established between the amplitude of progressive wave and G₀, and the distances between the wavefilter, the wavemaker and the test structure. The proper location for the wavefilter to eliminate re-reflected waves can be determined. Several experimental tests were conducted to verify the theory.Both theoretical and experimental studies show that re-reflected waves can be effectively eliminated by placing a wavefilter at a proper position between the wavemaker and the test structure, provided G₀ ≤ 1. For G₀ > 1 however, the wavefilter would fail.     

对海洋来源放线菌无活性野生株HLF-43的微波诱变结合新霉素抗性与抗肿瘤活性组合筛选

以海洋来源放线菌无活性野生株HLF-43为出发菌,通过微波诱变结合新霉素抗性筛选,得到新霉素抗性突变株共128株,其中微波诱变新霉素抗性株117株、自发突变抗性株11株。经活性筛选,8株微波诱变新霉素抗性突变株对K562细胞有一定抑制作用,100μg/mL发酵样品对K562细胞的抑制率20%。经对不同微波辐照时间和不同浓度新霉素组合筛选实验结果的比较分析,初步确定对HLF-43的微波辐照诱变最佳时间为120 s。     

A highly wave dissipation offshore breakwater

The aim of this paper is to develop an offshore breakwater, for which coefficients of both the wave reflection and transmission have low values. The breakwater is suggested to compose of n layers of porous materials with different porosities. A complex eigen function method is used in the theoretical analysis. Continuities of both mass flux and fluid pressure are assumed at interfaces between every two adjoining porous materials and at the interface between end materials and water region. Following a series of mathematical processes, the coefficients of the wave transmission and reflection along with the wave energy loss are calculated. The porosity of materials is varied in computations; and results are compared among structures composing of different layers of porous materials. A single layer offshore breakwater is shown to reduce simultaneously the coefficients of transmission and reflection only when the structure is very wide in the direction of wave propagation, and the structure material has a high porosity. A multilayer breakwater, however, can function well in reducing both coefficients at a much narrower width; structure having more layers can be more effective at narrower width. Finally, several experiments are conducted; theoretical computations and experimental results agree well.