Combined effects of light intensity and NH^＋4-enrichment on growth,pigmentation, and photosynthetic performance of Ulva prolifera （Chlorophyta）

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of light intensity and enhanced nitrogen supply on the growth and photosynthesis of the green-tide macroalga, Ulva prolifera. Thalli of U. prolifera were grown in natural or NH 4 +-enriched seawater under two different light intensities for 7 days, and then the growth rate, pigmentation, and photosynthetic performance of the thalli were evaluated. The results show that the relative growth rate(RGR) was markedly higher under the high light level than under the low light level. Enrichment with NH 4 + enhanced the RGR under high light intensity, but did not affect RGR under low light intensity. In low light conditions, NH 4 +-enrichment resulted in a marked decrease in the maximal photosynthetic rate( P m) and the maximum carbon fixation rate( V max), but it did not affect the half saturation constant for carbon( K 0.5) or the ratio of V max to K 0.5, which reflects the carbon acquisition efficiency. In high light conditions, P m, K 0.5, and the dark respiration rate( R d) increased under NH 4 + enrichment, but V max and the V max / K 0.5 ratio decreased. Regardless of the light intensity, NH 4 +-enrichment did not affect the apparent photosynthetic efficiency( α), which refl ects the ability of the alga to use light energy at low light levels. Under both low and high light intensities, the chlorophyll a(Chl a), chlorophyll b(Chl b), and carotenoids(Car) contents in thalli were higher in NH 4 +-enriched than in natural seawater, except that there was a decrease in the Chl b content of thalli in NH 4 +-enriched seawater under low light intensity. Therefore, NH 4 + enrichment improved the growth and photosynthetic performance of U. prolifera under high light intensity, but not under low light intensity. We discuss the possible mechanisms underlying these physiological responses.     

Phenological study of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sargassum thunbergii</Emphasis> (Fucales,Phaeophyta) in Lidao Bay,Rongcheng, China

We conducted a phenological evaluation of Sargassum thunbergii, a common algal species, along the coast of Lidao Bay, Rongcheng, China. The local S. thunbergii population entered a maturation period from early June to mid-August, when seawater temperature was 14.4 to 25.1°C. Our results suggest an increase in temperature and day length during this period initiated thalli maturation. Inhabitants of the low tidal zone had higher thalli length and biomass compared with those from the mid-and high tidal zones. We observed a switch in the length frequency distribution and contribution of length classes to biomass between the small (<20 cm) and long (20–79.9 cm) length classes at the time of thallus maturity. This suggests there is a trade-offbetween sexual reproduction and vegetative regeneration.     

荣成俚岛野生鼠尾藻资源调查

2014年4月至2015年2月对荣成俚岛湾鼠尾藻(Sargassum thunbergii)的生长情况进行了调查。实验设计采用样方法观测了鼠尾藻体长结构的季节变化和繁殖特性。结果表明,(1)鼠尾藻一年有一次繁殖季节,有性繁殖盛期在6月下旬至7月下旬;(2)不同潮带间的主枝平均长度由大到小依次为低潮带、中潮带和高潮带,并且低潮带的SGR最大值出现的时间较中潮带和高潮带早;(3)在6月和7月体长结构组成最丰富。     

北黄海漂浮铜藻来源的初步探讨

本文对近10a来在黄海每年发生大规模聚集铜藻的来源进行初步探讨。通过观测漂浮铜藻及底栖铜藻周年发生发展情况、黄海冷水团、漂浮铜藻基因差异、海流及风向等因素对漂浮铜藻影响,对北黄海漂浮铜藻来源进行了初步分析。北黄海5 m水层的温度适宜漂浮铜藻老枝在当地海区度夏及越冬。春季漂浮铜藻可能有两种来源,一是东海漂浮铜藻漂移而来,二是当地或者附近海域漂浮铜藻老枝越冬而来;而冬季漂浮铜藻,推测是当年春季漂浮铜藻老枝度夏而来。漂浮铜藻最初始来源,可能是黄海及东海近海的底栖铜藻营养枝断裂而来。     

漂浮铜藻室内保存及海上越冬试验

在我国南北海区经常能观察到聚集的漂浮铜藻,为有效利用铜藻资源,设计了铜藻室内保存及海上越冬试验。结果显示,铜藻在室温3℃～15℃下藻的鲜重均有不同程度下降,80μmol·m^-2·s^-2强光比20μmol·m^-2·s^-2弱光保存铜藻效果好,低温比高温保存效果好,但低于5℃后的铜藻保存效果变差。在温度5℃～17℃左右时,海上筏养铜藻特定生长率随温度升高而升高,而且藻体健壮,在冬季海水温度降到℃以下时,铜藻基本停止生长,但是藻体仍保持较好的活力,因此漂浮铜藻可在黄海南部海上顺利越冬。     

潮间带底质对大型海藻生长及分布的影响

通过对山东省威海市荣成俚岛、荣成靖海卫、文登泽库近岸海域潮间带大型海藻资源调查发现,底质对海藻的种数及分布均有影响。荣成俚岛潮间带为岩礁底质,海藻的种数较多,有3门31属37种,荣成靖海卫与文登泽库潮间带以砂质底为主,海藻的种数较少,分别为3门8属11种与3门7属9种。岩礁底质的形状、布局影响海藻的生长与分布,分析了九种不同岩礁类型的海藻分布规律以及适宜生长的海藻种类多数海藻不易在岩礁迎浪面附着,在低潮带,易在有一定沉积效应处生长,在高潮带,易在有一定的存水量的地方生长。研究结果对潮间带海藻资源增殖与恢复中藻礁材质、形状等的选用与设计有指导意义。     

我国沿海鼠尾藻（Sargassum thunbergii）遗传资源RAPD分析

采用RAPD分子标记技术分析了我国沿海五个海区（大连、威海、青岛、温州、福州）鼠尾藻种群的遗传多样性。从60条随机引物中筛选出21条引物,对五个鼠尾藻种群共150份DNA样本进行了扩增,共检测到207个有效位点,多态位点达89．5％,Nei基因多样性指数（H）为0．2966,Shannon信息指数（I）为0．4508;...     

裙带菜(Undaria pinnatifida)配子体对氨态氮和硝态氮的吸收利用比较

本文对裙带菜(Undaria pinnatifida)配子体丰富培养的氮源进行了研究,结果发现裙带菜配子体能够有效利用氨态氮和硝态氮进行扩增,在30μmol/L氮离子浓度条件下,裙带菜配子体的日生长率能达到25%,可以满足配子体快速扩增的需要。裙带菜配子体在同时含有硝态氮和氨态氮的培养液中培养时,同时吸收两种氮源,并没有出现相互抑制的现象;配子体对氨态氮的吸收速率略大于硝态氮的吸收;对裙带菜配子体的氮吸收速率进行了测定,吸收速率最高分别可达24.3μmol/(g·h)和20.73μmol/(g·h),吸收速率随着氮浓度的增加而升高。     

对筒柱藻属33株总脂含量及脂肪酸组成的比较研究

在温度为２５±１℃,盐度为２８的条件下,用Ｆ／２培养基对青岛海洋大学微藻种质库保存的３３株筒柱藻进行培养。在指数生长期末期进行收获。测定了３３株筒柱藻的脂肪酸组成,总脂含量,收获时的细胞密度,生物量。其主要脂肪酸为１４∶０,１６∶０,１６∶１（ｎ－７）和２０∶５（ｎ－３）,其中Ｂ２００的２０∶５（ｎ－３）含量最高,占总脂肪酸的１５．９％。