东海火山晶屑泡壁结构的发现

我们发现东海表层沉积物的火山晶屑表面较普遍地发育有“泡壁结构”，出现这种结构的晶屑有石英、长石、紫苏辉石等。这些典型的火山成因矿物对阐明东海沉积物的来源，东海火山活动的性质和特点、火山活动的强度、影响范围和近期活动历史等方面具有重要意义。     

Localisation and phase transition of acoustic waves in a soft medium containing air bubbles

We study via numerical experiments the localisation property of an acoustic wave in a viscoelastic soft medium containing randomly-distributed air bubbles. The behaviours of the oscillation phases of bubbles are particularly investigated in various cases for distinguishing efficiently the acoustic localisation from the effects of acoustic absorption caused by the viscosity of medium. The numerical results reveal the phenomenon of `phase transition' characterized by an unusual collective oscillation of bubbles, which is an effective criterion to unambiguously identify the acoustic localisation in the presence of viscosity. Within the localisation region, the phenomenon of phase transition persists, and a remarkable decrease in the fluctuation of the oscillation phases of bubbles is observed. The localisation phenomenon will be impaired by the enhancement of the viscosity factors, and the extent to which the acoustic wave is localised may be determined by appropriately analyzing the values of the oscillation phases or the amount of reduction of the phase fluctuation. The results are particularly significant for the practical experiments in an attempt to observe the acoustic localisation in such a medium, which is in general subjected to the interference of the great ambiguity resulting from the effect of acoustic absorption.     

地层记录中的古气候信息及其与烃源岩发育的相关性——以渤海黄河口凹陷古近系为例

近年来的研究表明,凹陷中优质烃源岩的形成决定于有利的古气候和古湖盆环境,并受控于断陷期快速沉降的构造背景。着重论述了古气候条件对烃源岩发育的控制作用。根据渤海海域黄河口凹陷典型钻井样品中的孢粉、藻类等古生物资料,并结合岩相特征,对该地区古近纪各时期的古气候、古环境特征进行了恢复,本区古近纪共存在4个气候湿热、古湖盆水体发育的时期。另外通过与烃源岩发育特征的对比,发现各湿热的古气候时期均与优质烃源岩的发育情况有很好的对应关系,说明温暖、湿润的古气候条件对烃源岩的发育具有重要的控制作用。最后对气候影响烃源岩形成和保存的机理进行了分析。