南黄海辐射沙洲近岸海域波浪特性研究

利用江苏省南黄海辐射沙洲两翼的实测波浪资料,研究南黄海辐射沙洲地区的波参数分布特征和波谱特性,得出了特征波要数、波谱参数及波要素之间的转换关系式。研究结果表明南黄海辐射沙洲近岸海域的波浪特性受天气、水深和地形因素的多重影响。总体而言,江苏辐射沙洲海域波浪变化范围及其均值差异不大,特别是位于近岸的蛎蚜山测站由于受到水深的制约和沙脊的庇护,该区域波参数、谱参数的变化范围和均值均小于水深相对较深的大丰测站和冷加沙测站。在台风期和寒潮期内,除了波向以外,各个测站的波要素季节性差异均较小。波向在辐射沙洲北翼海域以偏北向为主,在南翼海域则以东南向和西北向为主。大浪过程主要与台风期和寒潮期的极端天气相关。波面特性及其波谱分析表明,波谱参数与水深、离岸距离相关性强。分析发现本海域南翼以单峰谱为主,北翼沿海海域波浪在寒潮期主要为涌浪和风浪组成的混合浪,在波谱形式上表现为双峰谱。     

南黄海辐射沙洲近岸海域波浪特性研究

Errors will be caused in calculating the fatigue damages of details in liquid cargo tanks by using the traditional spectral analysis method which is based on linear system, for the nonlinear relationship between the dynamic stress and the ship acceleration. An improved spectral analysis method for the assessment of the fatigue damage in detail of a liquid cargo tank is proposed in this paper. Based on assumptions that the wave process can be simulated by summing the sinusoidal waves in different frequencies and the stress process can be simulated by summing the stress processes induced by these sinusoidal waves, the stress power spectral density (PSD) is calculated by expanding the stress processes induced by the sinusoidal waves into Fourier series and adding the amplitudes of each harmonic component with the same frequency. This analysis method can take the nonlinear relationship into consideration and the fatigue damage is then calculated based on the PSD of stress. Take an independent tank in an LNG carrier for example, the accuracy of the improved spectral analysis method is proved much better than that of the traditional spectral analysis method by comparing the calculated damage results with the results calculated by the time domain method. The proposed spectral analysis method is more accurate in calculating the fatigue damages in detail of ship liquid cargo tanks.     

基于ERA-Interim资料近37年南海波浪时空特征分析

基于ECMWF的ERA-interim37a的风场及海浪场再分析资料,探讨了南海海域波浪的时空分布特征,主要分析了波浪场和风场的空间分布、季节特征以及4个海域(南沙、西沙、中沙、东沙)波高与周期的联合分布以及南海波高的长期变化趋势。结果表明:南海海域的有效波高大值区呈东北-西南走向,且具有明显季节性变化特征,波高与风速以及波向与风向整体相关性较好;有效波高和波周期有良好的对应关系,不同区域波高与周期联合分布相近。1979—2015年期间,南海大部分海域的有效波高呈逐年递增趋势,其量值约为0.2~0.8 cm/yr。本文的研究成果,对南海远洋运输、海洋工程设计、岛礁建设及海洋能开发与利用等有着重要的参考价值。