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预警指标对流域的山洪预警有着重要的作用。主要以荣成市崂山小流域崂山大疃为例,提出了确定雨量预警指标的方法。根据不同的土壤干湿程度,基于降雨径流曲线获得降雨径流关系,采用推理公式法计算设计洪水,绘制降雨洪峰曲线;根据崂山大疃现场调查,基于曼宁公式获取水位流量关系曲线,结合成灾水位推算临界流量,根据降雨洪峰曲线,由流量反推降雨。计算结果:在Pa=40 mm的情况下,崂山大疃的3个时段的临界雨量为62 mm,75 mm,95 mm,经过"折减"处理获得的3个时段预警指标,准备转移指标为56,68,86mm,立即转移指标为68,83,105 mm。 相似文献
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系统采用B/S模式,以远程监测和自动化控制为基础,建设龙口市地下水信息化管理系统,实现地下水数据的在线管理和发布。对系统的结构功能进行了分析,利用计算机技术、自动控制技术、通信技术,探索地下水信息化的管理模式。 相似文献
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In this work, the influence of a small-molecule material, tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3), on bulk heterojunction (BHJ) polymer solar cells (PSCs) is investigated in devices based on the blend of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) (MEH-PPV) and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). By doping Alq3 into MEH-PPV:PCBM solution, the number of MEH-PPV excitons can be effectively increased due to the energy transfer from Alq3 to MEH-PPV, which probably induces the increase of photocurrent generated by excitons dissociation. However, the low carrier mobility of Alq3 is detrimental to the efficient charge transport, thereby blocking the charge collection by the respective electrodes. The balance between photon absorption and charge transport in the active layer plays a key role in the performance of PSCs. For the case of 5 wt.% Alq3 doping, the device performance is deteriorated rather than improved as compared with that of the undoped device. On the other hand, we adopt Alq3 as a buffer layer instead of commonly used LiF. All the photovoltaic parameters are improved, yielding an 80% increase in power conversion efficiency (PCE) at the optimum thickness (1 nm) as compared with that of the device without any buffer layer. Even for the 5 wt.% Alq3 doped device, the PCE has a slight enhancement compared with that of the standard device after modification with 1 nm (or 2 nm) thermally evaporated Alq3. The performance deterioration of Alq3-doped devices can be explained by the low solubility of Alq3, which probably deteriorates the bicontinuous D-A network morphology; while the performance improvement of the devices with Alq_3 as a buffer layer is attributed to the increased light harvesting, as well as blocking the hole leakage from MEH-PPV to the aluminum (Al) electrode due to the lower highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of Alq3 compared with that of MEH-PPV. 相似文献
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今年两会,全国人大代表,上海建工集团股份有限公司党委书记、董事长徐征提交了关于建筑产业数字化转型升级的书面建议.
徐征指出,当前建筑行业转型与创新还存在一些障碍:技术研发与应用成本支出较大、缺乏规模效应,施工现场项目覆盖率低,行业整体数字化水平不高.同时,建筑产业链上数字化技术协同性不高,数字化技术在项目单阶段、单系统... 相似文献
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农业地质在吉林省实现农业可持续发展中的作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
吉林省我国重要的商品粮基地,是解决全国粮食问题的关键,探索适合处省情的农业可持续发展道路是解决农业发展和粮食增产的根本出路。本语文在介绍吉林省农业资源优势及存在问题基础上,着重阐述了农业地质在农业可持续发展中的作用 相似文献
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