THE EFFECT OF CADMIUM ON THE ACTIVITY OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN MUSSEL VIRIDIS

The paper preliminarily discusses the effects of cadmium pollution on the alkaline phosphatase of mussel, mytilue viridid. The results show the cadmium pollution has a inhibition on the alkaline phosphatase, and the degree of inhibition rises with the increases of concerntration if cadmium in seawater. When the concentration is within the range of 1-500 ppb, the percentage of inhibited emzyme has a linear relationship with the logarithm of cadmium concentration. The results also prove that the salinity may increase the effects of cadmium on emzyme. The inhibition which may be indirect or secondary effects is reversible.Mussels play a purification role in the waste water containing cadmium, the purification rate of which may as high as 125 mg Cd2 gram (mussel)/day. This is a prospective method in purification and removing of cadmium.The study of effects of cadmium pollution on the alkaline phosphatase of mussel shows that in the study of effects of pollutants on aquatic organisms, biochemical index may     

汞对翡翠贻贝谷丙转氨酶活性的影响

自六十年代日本发生水俣病后,汞的环境污染问题引起了普遍重视,许多科学家进行了有关的研究工作。但这些研究偏重于环境汞污染的程度、容量和生物累积,及其对生物造成的宏观危害等方面。至于汞污染造成水生生物酶方面的危害,则研究的极少。为此,从酶学的角度,开展汞对翡翠贻贝谷丙转氨酶的影响研究,为建立贻贝作为海洋环境汞污染的监测指标生物,以及为海洋环境毒物容量标准的制订提供资料,将有所裨益。一、实验材料与方法     

泥蚶血液中δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶的测定

铅对哺乳动物血液中的卟胆元合成酶δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶(δ-ALAD)有明显的抑制效应,已得到广泛证实。某些海洋鱼类的致毒实验表明:铅对鱼血中δ-ALAD的毒性效应会破坏鱼的造血功能。由于δ-ALAD对铅的反应灵敏且专一,所以血中δ-ALAD酶的活性已成为检验铅中毒和评价生态环境铅污染潜在危害的指标。然而有关海洋双壳类动物血中δ-ALAD的铅致毒效应研究未见过报道,这与缺乏可直接应用的酶测方法有关。为开展这方面研究,我们对测定血液δ-ALAD酶活性的经典方法进行了改进,并应用于泥蚶(Arca granosa Linnus)血液δ-ALAD的测定。实验提出一种简便的血样处理方法,并选择最适酶促反应条件,从而建立泥蚶血液δ-ALAD酶活性测定方法。     

镉污染对翡翠贻贝碱性磷酸酶的影响

自从六十年代末,日本发生骨痛病公害事件后,镉对环境的污染问题,在科学上越来越引起人们的关注.微量镉对机体骨骼的损害作用,已被许多研究所证实.目前普遍认为,骨痛病就是由于镉的慢性中毒而引起骨骼脱钙的结果.碱性磷酸酶是磷代谢过程中的重要酶类之一.