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排序方式: 共有49条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
M. Krämer Ri. Müller H. Bovensmann J. Burrows J. Brinkmann E. P. Röth J.-U. Grooß Ro. Müller Th. Woyke R. Ruhnke G. Günther J. Hendricks E. Lippert K. S. Carslaw Th. Peter A. Zieger Ch. Brühl B. Steil R. Lehmann D. S. McKenna 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2003,45(1):51-77
Several stratospheric chemistry modules from box, 2-D or 3-D models, have been intercompared. The intercomparison was focused on the ozone loss and associated reactive species under the conditions found in the cold, wintertime Arctic and Antarctic vortices. Comparisons of both gas phase and heterogeneous chemistry modules show excellent agreement between the models under constrained conditions for photolysis and the microphysics of polar stratospheric clouds. While the mean integral ozone loss ranges from 4–80% for different 30–50 days long air parcel trajectories, the mean scatter of model results around these values is only about ±1.5%. In a case study, where the models employed their standard photolysis and microphysical schemes, the variation around the mean percentage ozone loss increases to about ±7%. This increased scatter of model results is mainly due to the different treatment of the PSC microphysics and heterogeneous chemistry in the models, whereby the most unrealistic assumptions about PSC processes consequently lead to the least representative ozone chemistry. Furthermore, for this case study the model results for the ozone mixing ratios at different altitudes were compared with a measured ozone profile to investigate the extent to which models reproduce the stratospheric ozone losses. It was found that mainly in the height range of strong ozone depletion all models underestimate the ozone loss by about a factor of two. This finding corroborates earlier studies and implies a general deficiency in our understanding of the stratospheric ozone loss chemistry rather than a specific problem related to a particular model simulation. 相似文献
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Roša D. Vršnak B. Božić H. Brajša R. Ruždjak V. Schroll A. Wöhl H. 《Solar physics》1998,179(2):237-252
The dependence of the measured apparent synodic solar rotation rate on the height of the chosen tracer is studied. A significant error occurs if the rotation rate is determined by tracing the apparent position of an object above the photospheric level projected on the solar disc. The centre-to-limb variation of this error can be used to determine simultaneously the height of the object and the true synodic rotation rate. The apparent (projected) heliographic coordinates are presented as a function of the height of the traced object and the coordinates of its footpoint. The relations obtained provide an explicit expression for the apparent rotation rate as a function of the observed heliographic coordinates of the tracer, enabling an analytic least-squares fit expression to determine simultaneously the real synodic rotation rate and the height of the tracer. 相似文献
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从野外地表露头、井下岩心及典型剖面等基础资料出发,以富有机质页岩形成地质背景及其展布特征-页岩气成藏条件-有利区预测为主线,对重庆及周缘地区下古生界页岩气成藏条件进行分析,并采用综合信息叠合法对该区有利区进行预测。指出研究区下寒武统筇竹寺组和上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统龙马溪组两套富有机质页岩普遍发育,分布广,厚度大,埋藏适中,有机质类型好,有机质含量高,具有充足的储集空间和运移通道,并且等温吸附模拟和现场解析实验也表明,这两套页岩均具有较强的气体吸附、较好的含气性能;多口井钻遇黑色页岩段气显异常普遍,也为页岩气的存在提供证据。总之,该区与美国东部典型页岩气盆地有诸多地质可比性,具有形成页岩气藏的有利地质条件,是页岩气勘探研究值得关注的重要领域。 相似文献
5.
Luka Gale Tea Kolar-Jurkov?ek Andrej ?muc Bo?tjan Ro?i? 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2012,105(3):435-462
Conodonts and re-deposited shallow-water benthic foraminifera co-occur in the Upper Norian-Rhaetian Slatnik Formation of the Slovenian Basin (Southern Alps). The Mt. Kobla and Mt. Slatnik sections were investigated in order to give the first direct correlation between these two groups. The Norian-Rhaetian boundary (NRB) is placed at the First Appearance Datum of the conodont Misikella posthernsteini and is approached with the First Occurrence of the foraminifer Involutina turgida. An association of Trocholina turris with duostominids is a good marker for the Rhaetian. Careful revision of literature combined with our data culminated in reambulation of stratigraphical ranges for several foraminiferal species. The foraminiferal Triassic-Jurassic boundary (TJB) can be defined with the Last Occurrence of Galeanella tollmanni, ??Sigmoilina?? schaeferae or duostominids. The absence of the uppermost Rhaetian Misikella ultima conodont zone and the close coincidence of foraminiferal and conodont TJB could point to the presence of hiati in the upper part of the Slatnik Formation. Consequently, the exact pattern of disappearance of Late Triassic foraminifera at the boundary could not be observed. It is clear, however, that the foraminiferal assemblage was decimated for reef-dwelling foraminifera, duostominids and most of the platform-dwelling foraminifera. Biotic changes at the TJB are best explained as a result of a biocalcification crisis. 相似文献
6.
The relation between the synodic and sidereal rotation period of the Sun for an arbitrary date of observation is derived taking into account details of the Earth's motion. The transformation procedure between the synodic (apparent) and sidereal rotation period presented here can be performed without using the annual ephemerides. 相似文献
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Darije Maričić Bojan Vršnak Andrew L. Stanger Astrid M. Veronig Manuela Temmer Dragan Roša 《Solar physics》2007,241(1):99-112
We analyze the relationship between the acceleration of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and the energy release in associated
flares, employing a sample of 22 events in which the CME kinematics were measured from the pre-eruption stage up to the post-acceleration
phase. The data show a distinct correlation between the duration of the acceleration phase and the duration of the associated
soft X-ray (SXR) burst rise, whereas the CME peak acceleration and velocity are related to the SXR peak flux. In the majority
of events the acceleration started earlier than the SXR burst, and it is usually prolonged after the SXR burst maximum. In
about one half of the events the acceleration phase is very closely synchronized with the fastest growth of the SXR burst.
An additional one quarter of the events may be still considered as relatively well-synchronized, whereas in the remaining
quarter of the events there is a considerable mismatch. The results are interpreted in terms of the feedback relationship
between the CME dynamics and the reconnection process in the wake of the CME. 相似文献
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