内蒙古北山重点成矿远景区主要地质特征与矿产资源潜力评价方向

本文根据北山地区区域地质背景、成矿地质条件及矿产分布特征,对北山地区初步划分出几个重点成矿远景区,建议作为今后进行区域固体矿产资源潜力评价的方向。     

蒙甘新相邻(北山)地区金铜矿床时空分布特征及成矿作用

文章首次对蒙甘新相邻(北山)地区各类金、铜和铜—镍矿床(点)地质特征、成因类型和空间分布特点进行了系统总结，论证了金、铜和铜—镍成矿作用与古生代岩浆活动的关系，对区域地壳演化过程中金、铜和铜—镍成矿的动力学机制进行了深入讨论。研究结果表明，该区的金矿床(点)大体可划分为变质岩型、火山岩型、斑岩型和深成侵入岩型；铜矿床(点)有斑岩型、夕卡岩型和铜—镍硫化物型。金和铜矿床(点)大都沿古板块汇聚带分布，与海西期火成岩具密切的时空分布关系，它们是古板块对接碰撞期和碰撞期后大规模构造—岩浆活动的产物。     

流体成矿系统与成矿作用研究

对几乎所有金属矿床类型来说，其形成过程均与金属从源岩的活化、原始渗滤、矿质运移和金属沉淀富集成矿关系密切，这些过程主要是由流体的运动和作用完成的。因此，识别金属和流体的来源，追溯流体从源区将金属运载至最终成矿部位所经过的路径，以及查明金属和流体沿运移通道发生的物理、化学和时间上的各种变化及其特殊性质，可以为矿床评价与勘查提供很有价值的定量成矿信息。成矿流体的来源－运移－沉淀（－堆积）过程会以流体成矿系统的形式保留下来。对流体成矿系统和作用的全面了解可通过调查活动的和古代的两种系统获得。活动流体成矿系统是目前正在进行原始矿质搬运的系统，调查这些系统可对运移通道中的含矿流体进行取样和监测研究。古流体成矿系统包括各时代从含金石英脉到铅－锌矿脉系统的所有热液脉型矿床以及沉积喷气型和所谓层控矿床。对含矿矿物和岩石的广泛岩石学、化学、流体包裹体和同位素研究将为定量评价与预测矿床的分布和变化提供至关重要的资料。流体成矿系统内具有一些重要特征，如各种地质要素的方向性、相关性和指示性变化。     

High Pressure-Differential Thermal Analysis and Ultrasonic Wave Amplitude Analysis of Ice-Water Equilibrium at 1.5-5.0GPa

Water is the most active component in all geological systems.It has an important effect on the physical properties of minerals and melts.It also plays a key role in the evolution of the Earth.Accurate thermodynamics data on water are currently confined to pressures below 1.0GPa and temperatures below 900℃.Presented in this paper are new data available on the P-T properties of water at pressures up to 5.0GPa,develoged from differential thermal analysis and ultrasonic wave amplitude analysis.It has been found that there may exist another ternary point at 3.0GPa and that ultrasonic wave amplitude change of ice-water transition shows two inflection points above 2.0GPa, consistent with the two peaks of differential thermal curves above 2.0GPa .It may be a new phenomenon which needs further study.     

0.25—3.75GPa和20—370℃条件下0.025molNaCl溶液电导率研究

在０．２５－３．７５ＧＰａ和２０－３７０℃条件下测量了ＮａＣｌ溶液的电导率。结果表明（１）电导率随温度增高而增大，且电导率的对数与温度的倒数为线性关系，但不同压力不其斜率不同。（２）电导率与压力的 关系较为复杂，存在着不连续性。即在２．２５－３．３７ＧＰａ压力范围，电导率随压力增大而增大；在１．２５－２．００ＧＰａ压力范围，电导率与压力几乎无关；０．７５ＧＰａ压力的电导率高于相邻力的电导率。上述。     

Conductivity of NaCl solution at 0.4–5.0 GPa and 25–500 °C

NaCI-H₂O is the most fundamental ternary system in geology. Until now, the measurements of electrical conductivity of NaCl solutions are still little at high pressures (> O.5 GPa) We measured the conductivity of 0.01 m NaCl solution at 0.4–5.0 GPa and 25-500°C. The results are consistent with that of Quist and Marshall (1968) at 0.4 GPa. The conductivity of NaCl solution increases with increasing temperature. The results also show that the conductivity of NaCl solution changes little with increasing pressure below 1.5 GPa and changes rapidly with increasing pressure above 1.5 GPa. The rapid increase of the conductivity of NaCl solution may play an important role in many geological processes (such as the genesis of ore deposits under hydrothermal condition) and other fields. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Properties of wave velocity for two types of granitoids at high pressure and temperature and their geological meaning

The wave velocity for two types of granitoids was measured using the analytic method of full-wave vibration at high pressure and high temperature. The laws of velocity changes for them differ with the pressure boost and temperature rise, and the velocity change of S-type is more violent than that of I-type. The “softening point” of compressional wave velocity (V μ) is also revealed during the measurement for two types of granitoids imitating the pressure and temperature at a certain depth. But the depth of “softening”, V_p after “softening” and the percentage of V_p’s drop around the “sofrening point” for two types of granitoids are obviously different. The depth of “softening” is 15 km approximately and V_p after “softening” is 5.62 km/s for S-type granitoid. But for I-type granitoid the depth of “softening” is 26 km approximately and V_p after “softening” is 6. 08 km/s. Through careful analysis of rock slices after the experiment, it was found that the “softening” of elastic-wave velocity is caused by the partial melting of granite. Combined with the results of geophysical prospecting, these results suggest that the low-velocity layers developing in the interior of Earth crust are related to thc partial melting of different types of granitoids. The formation of the low-velocity layer in the upper-middle Earth crust is closely related to the development of S-type granitoid, but that in the lower Earth crust is closely related to the development of I-type granitoid.     

地图数字化位置误差的协方差函数

针对数字化地图的精度 ,利用平稳随机过程的理论来估计位置数据的不确定性 ,提出了一套计算方法 ,主要内容包括运用平稳随机过程的各态历经性 ,对任意点坐标的X、Y按距离拟合求定其协方差 ,其特点是应用了统计估计原理 ,使得到的结果更为合理和简便。     

基于多波束前视声呐的水下静态目标的探测识别技术

基于声呐的水下目标检测是具有重要意义的研究课题.由于声呐图像质量差、对比度低、边缘模糊等,基于特征提取的识别方法在精度和速度上无法满足现有要求.鉴于此,将基于卷积神经网络的YOLOv3引入声呐图像的目标识别任务中,首先通过动态亮度分配和中值滤波对图像进行预处理建立数据集,然后对YOLOv3模型进行训练和测试,最后根据静...     

基于开放大数据的广州市中心城区职住平衡特征研究

以广州市中心城区为例,借助百度热力图、百度实时路况和百度地图POI数据,从中观层面多角度综合分析广州市中心城区就业与居住的空间分布关系。结果显示：1）工作时间段人口聚集的高值区整体呈带状分布,斑块较为细碎,但绝大部分集中在核心地带;人口主要高度集中于各区的商业繁华地段与交通线路周围。而休息时间段的高值区则相对集中分布,用地效率较高,表现出多中心的圈层结构;人口主要高度集中分布在传统的老城居住区和新开发的商业住宅区,与核心商圈相对错开。2）不管是在上班时段还是休息时段,人口聚集程度越高的地区,POI设施密度表现越显著;这意味着人口的聚集具有一定的选择性,主要集中在城市基础设施发展较完备的区域。3）广州市中心城区各街道的职住比介于0.73~1.54,职住相对平衡,区域之间差异较小。其中,分值较高的街道多分布于核心地带（主要集中在越秀区、荔湾区北部和天河区南部）,分值较低的街道多分布于核心地带的外围或边缘地区（主要在海珠区、荔湾区和白云区零散分布）。4）从城市交通响应上看,广州市中心城区工作日内早高峰的拥堵度大于晚高峰,但总体路况变化跨度不大,区内并没有出现特别严重的“潮汐通勤”现象。