Aqueous alteration of the Bali CV3 chondrite: evidence from mineralogy, mineral chemistry, and oxygen isotopic compositions

A petrographic, geochemical, and oxygen isotopic study of the Bali CV3 carbonaceous chondrite revealed that the meteorite has undergone extensive deformation and aqueous alteration on its parent body. Deformation textures are common and include flattened chondrules, a well-developed foliation, and the presence of distinctive (100) planar defects in olivine. The occurrence of alteration products associated with the planar defects indicates that the deformation features formed prior to the episode of aqueous alteration. The secondary minerals produced during the alteration event include well-crystallized Mg-rich saponite, framboidal magnetite, and Ca-phosphates. The alteration products are not homogeneously distributed throughout the meteorite, but occur in regions adjacent to relatively unaltered material, such as veins of altered material following the foliation. The alteration assemblage formed under oxidizing conditions at relatively low temperatures (<100 degrees C). Altered regions in Bali have higher Na, Ca, and P contents than unaltered regions which suggests that the fluid phase carried significant dissolved solids. Oxygen isotopic compositions for unaltered regions in Bali fall within the field for other CV3 whole-rocks, however, the oxygen isotopic compositions of the heavily altered material lie in the region for the CM and CR chondrites. The heavy-isotope enrichment of the altered regions in Bali suggest alteration conditions similar to those for the petrographic type-2 carbonaceous chondrites.     

电子探针化学测年方法

介绍含Th U Pb矿物电子探针化学测年方法的基本原理 ,并利用应用实例说明该方法在研究岩石形成年龄、构造热事件年代等方面的重要作用 ,最后简要评价该方法的优、缺点 ,并指出它的应用前景 ,认为电子探针化学测年方法将有可能在深源岩石包体年龄研究、含放射性元素矿床形成年代研究等方面大有作为 ,并使地质年代学研究更加精细化 ,有助于深入探讨复杂地质事件及其演化历程。     

基于GIS的数字测图系统的研究与开发

地形图数据是GIS的基础管理数据。针对地形要素的类型繁多、表示方法复杂、数据采集方法各异、数据格式不同 ,研究开发了一种实现数据的采集、编辑处理、成图及数据更新、GIS数据交换与分发等功能的数字测图系统。系统能够满足前端数据采集过程中编辑、处理、成图和直接导入专题GIS的共同需求。经实践检验 ,证明该系统操作简便、编码规范、设计科学、技术先进 ,其功能实现方法和在面向GIS方面具有独到之处。介绍了该系统的研究与开发过程、基本功能和特点     

朝阳地区强对流降水回波分析

论述了朝阳地区不同天气背景下 ,强对流降水回波特征、形状、时间变化、演变规律和判别方法     

微生物地球化学探矿—蜡样芽孢杆菌法寻找金,铀矿的试验研究

壤中蜡样芽孢杆菌找矿法是微生物地球化学探矿方法之一。本文叙述了蜡样芽孢杆菌法的找矿原理、野外工作方法、室内测量技术、野外初步试验的地质效果以及测量中应注意的若干问题。在已知隐伏金矿床（点）和铀矿床（点）上测得了明显的蜡样芽孢杆菌计数异常，并在４６０铀（钼）矿床外围的铀矿化远景地段进行了试验，地质效果较为理想。     

虎1井水位动态特征及影响因素分析

为解决基岩观测深井虎_1井出现的水位大幅度年动态变化问题,应用区域对比的方法,分析了该井水位、不同深度水质与第四系不同含水组水位、水质变化间的关系,指出虎_1井水位年变幅大,以及水质淡化的原因是该井井水已与第四系第三含水组水发生了混合作用,其水位动态主要由上覆浅层水动态控制。     

朝阳市气象信息服务系统Windows版简介

在高新技术迅速发展的当今时代 ,气象科学已经渗透到社会的各个领域 ,为了满足广大服务用户需求 ,需要以一种全新的服务形式展现给社会。正是在这种形势之下 ,朝阳市气象局有关科技人员在过去ＤＯＳ基础上开发出新的服务软件———气象信息服务系统Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ版。该软件的推出为开发新用户创造了有利条件 ,它改变了气象预报服务系统的原有模式 ,增加了气象终端的可视性和可用性 ,实现了天气预报与人民生活的有机结合的统一 ,提高了用户的使用率。1　程序特点气象信息服务系统Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ版是应用ＶＩ ＳＵＡＬＢＡＳＩＣ编程环境进行…     

Ammonia toxicity in fish

Ammonia is present in the aquatic environment due to agricultural run-off and decomposition of biological waste. Ammonia is toxic to all vertebrates causing convulsions, coma and death, probably because elevated NH₄⁺ displaces K⁺ and depolarizes neurons, causing activation of NMDA type glutamate receptor, which leads to an influx of excessive Ca²⁺ and subsequent cell death in the central nervous system.

Present ammonia criteria for aquatic systems are based on toxicity tests carried out on, starved, resting, non-stressed fish. This is doubly inappropriate. During exhaustive exercise and stress, fish increase ammonia production and are more sensitive to external ammonia. Present criteria do not protect swimming fish. Fish have strategies to protect them from the ammonia pulse following feeding, and this also protects them from increases in external ammonia, as a result starved fish are more sensitive to external ammonia than fed fish.

There are a number of fish species that can tolerate high environmental ammonia. Glutamine formation is an important ammonia detoxification strategy in the brain of fish, especially after feeding. Detoxification of ammonia to urea has also been observed in elasmobranches and some teleosts. Reduction in the rate of proteolysis and the rate of amino acid catabolism, which results in a decrease in ammonia production, may be another strategy to reduce ammonia toxicity. The weather loach volatilizes NH₃, and the mudskipper, P. schlosseri, utilizes yet another unique strategy, it actively pumps NH₄⁺ out of the body.