排序方式: 共有23条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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陕北煤炭资源可持续发展之开发思路 总被引:25,自引:2,他引:25
论述了陕北煤炭资源主要特点及开发引起的环境问题,从生态环境保护角度探讨了矿区开发的可持续发展问题,认为应该坚持统一规划、合理布局、适度规模、分散开发、就近转化、保水采煤的开采总方针,坚决杜绝小煤窑的滥采乱挖,组建大型集团公司统一开发,作好煤炭液化、气化、水与煤关系的研究工作,确保矿区经济发展与生态环境相协调。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯侏罗纪盆地形成演化和聚煤规律 总被引:32,自引:2,他引:30
鄂尔多斯盆地是在演太平洋构造域和特提斯构造域共同影响下形成的中生代大型内陆拗陷。其演化过程可分为早侏罗世-中侏罗世早期、中侏罗世、晚侏罗世和早白垩世4个阶段,旱侏罗世-中侏罗世早期为重要的聚煤期。聚煤区围绕盆地沉降中心呈环带状展布,煤层层数、厚度及横向变化规律在盆地不同部位表现出不同特点。构造转折期与有利于植物大量繁殖的古气候的有机匹配是控制煤层形成的主要因素。现今盆地范围是后期改造的结果。 相似文献
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Lidong?Dai Heping?LiEmail author Haiying?Hu Shuangming?Shan Jianjun?Jiang Keshi?Hui 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2012,163(4):689-700
The in situ electrical conductivity of hydrous garnet samples (Py20Alm76Grs4–Py73Alm14Grs13) was determined at pressures of 1.0–4.0 GPa and temperatures of 873–1273 K in the YJ-3000t apparatus using a Solartron-1260
impedance/gain-phase analyzer for various chemical compositions and oxygen fugacities. The oxygen fugacity was controlled
by five solid-state oxygen buffers (Fe2O3 + Fe3O4, Ni + NiO, Fe + Fe3O4, Fe + FeO, and Mo + MoO2). Experimental results indicate that within a frequency range from 10−2 to 106 Hz, electrical conductivity is strongly dependent on signal frequency. Electrical conductivity shows an Arrhenius increase
with temperature. At 2.0 GPa, the electrical conductivity of anhydrous garnet single crystals with various chemical compositions
(Py20Alm76Grs4, Py30Alm67Grs3, Py56Alm43Grs1, and Py73Alm14Grs13) decreases with increasing pyrope component (Py). With increasing oxygen fugacity, the electrical conductivity of dry Py73Alm14Grs13 garnet single crystal shows an increase, whereas that of a hydrous sample with 465 ppm water shows a decrease, both following
a power law (exponents of 0.061 and −0.071, respectively). With increasing pressure, the electrical conductivity of this hydrous
garnet increases, along with the pre-exponential factors, and the activation energy and activation volume of hydrous samples
are 0.7731 ± 0.0041 eV and −1.4 ± 0.15 cm3/mol, respectively. The results show that small hopping polarons
( \textFe\textMg · ) \left( {{\text{Fe}}_{\text{Mg}}^{ \cdot } } \right) and protons (
\textH · {\text{H}}^{ \cdot } ) are the dominant conduction mechanisms for dry and wet garnet single crystals, respectively. Based on these results and
the effective medium theory, we established the electrical conductivity of an eclogite model with different mineral contents
at high temperatures and high pressures, thereby providing constraints on the inversion of field magnetotelluric sounding
results in future studies. 相似文献
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高温高压下矿物岩石电导率的实验研究数据,不仅是人们了解地球内部物质组成及其演化过程的重要窗口,而且可以为野外大地电磁测深和地磁测深反演提供重要约束.重点介绍了温度、压力、水含量、铁含量、氧逸度、熔融等矿物岩石电导率的影响因素,深入阐述了存在于矿物岩石的4种主要导电机制,即离子、质子、小极化子和大极化子.回顾近年来地壳主要造岩矿物(长石、石英和辉石)的电导率实验研究取得的新成果,讨论了它们的导电机制和地球物理意义,并对其目前存在的问题及尚需进一步展开的工作进行了探讨. 相似文献
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CE-1立体相机与激光高度计数据联合平差 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
CE-1三线阵立体相机和激光高度计主要用于获取月球形貌信息.CE-1沿轨运动过程中,可同时获取高分辨率的三线阵扫描影像和高精度的激光测高数据.在分析立体影像与激光高度计数据不一致性的基础上,为提高定位精度,将激光测距数据引入三线阵立体影像光束法平差处理.本文提出一种改进的外定向参数模型,采用3阶Lagrange多项式模型(LPM)建立外定向线元素内插模型,采用四元数球面线性内插建立外定向角元素模型,并根据改进模型建立激光高度计数据与影像数据的联合平差数学模型.试验表明,本文立体相机和激光高度计数据联合平差模型是有效的. 相似文献
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We performed the pressure calibration to 12 GPa for 14/6 type (octahedron edge length/WC truncated edge length, in mm) cell assembly in DS 6 × 1400 multi-anvil apparatus by using the phase transitions in Bi (I-II 2.55 GPa, III-V 7.67 GPa) and ZnTe (LPP-HPP I 9.6 GPa, HPP I-II 12.0 GPa). As verification and application, sound velocity measurements on polycrystalline Al2O3 to 12 GPa at room temperature were conducted and the ultrasonic result is in good agreement with previous reports. It demonstrates the feasibility of performing sound velocity measurements close to the mantle transition zone pressure condition in our laboratory.
相似文献10.
Electrical conductivity of alkali feldspar solid solutions at high temperatures and high pressures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Haiying Hu Heping Li Lidong Dai Shuangming Shan Chengming Zhu 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2013,40(1):51-62
The electrical conductivities of alkali feldspar solid solutions ranging in chemical composition from albite (NaAlSi3O8) to K-feldspar (KAlSi3O8) were measured at 1.0 GPa and temperatures of 873–1,173 K in a multi-anvil apparatus. The complex impedance was determined by the AC impedance spectroscopy technique in the frequency range of 0.1–106 Hz. Our experimental results revealed that the electrical conductivities of alkali feldspar solid solutions increase with increasing temperature, and the linear relationship between electrical conductivity and temperature fits the Arrhenius formula. The electrical conductivities of solid solutions increase with the increasing Na content at constant temperature. At 1.0 GPa, the activation enthalpy of solid solution series shows strong dependency on the composition, and there is an abrupt increase from the composition of Or40Ab60 to Or60Ab40, where it reaches a value of 0.96 eV. According to these results in this study, it is proposed that the dominant conduction mechanism in alkali feldspar solid solutions under high temperature and high pressure is ionic conduction. Furthermore, since the activation enthalpy is less than 1.0 eV for the alkali feldspar solid solutions, it is suggested to be a model where Na+ and K+ transport involves an interstitial mechanism for electrical conduction. The change of main charge carriers can be responsible for the abrupt increase in the activation energy for Or60Ab40. All electrical conductivity data were fitted by a general formula in order to show the dependence of activation enthalpy and pre-exponential factor on chemical composition. Combining our experimental results with the effective medium theory, we theoretically calculated the electrical conductivity of alkali feldspar granite, alkali feldspar quartz syenite, and alkali feldspar syenite with different mineral content and variable chemical composition of alkali feldspar at high temperatures at 1.0 GPa, and the calculated results are almost in agreement with previous experimental studies on silicate rocks. 相似文献