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1.
Rashid Umar M. Muqtada A. Khan Izrar Ahmed Shakeel Ahmed 《Journal of Earth System Science》2008,117(1):69-78
The Kali-Hindon inter-stream region extends over an area of 395 km2 within the Ganga-Yamuna interfluve. It is a fertile tract for sugarcane cultivation. Groundwater is a primary resource for
irrigation and industrial purposes. In recent years, over-exploitation has resulted in an adverse impact on the groundwater
regime. In this study, an attempt has been made to calculate a water balance for the Kali-Hindon inter-stream region. Various
inflows and outflows to and from the aquifer have been calculated. The recharge due to rainfall and other recharge parameters
such as horizontal inflow, irrigation return flow and canal seepage were also evaluated. Groundwater withdrawals, evaporation
from the water table, discharge from the aquifer to rivers and horizontal subsurface outflows were also estimated. The results
show that total recharge into the system is 148.72 million cubic metres (Mcum), whereas the total discharge is 161.06 Mcum,
leaving a deficit balance of −12.34 Mcum. Similarly, the groundwater balance was evaluated for the successive four years.
The result shows that the groundwater balance is highly sensitive to variation in rainfall followed by draft through pumpage.
The depths to water level are shallow in the canal-irrigated northern part of the basin and deeper in the southern part. The
pre-monsoon and post-monsoon water levels range from 4.6 to 17.7 m below ground level (bgl) and from 3.5 to 16.5 m bgl respectively.
It is concluded that the groundwater may be pumped in the canal-irrigated northern part, while withdrawals may be restricted
to the southern portion of the basin, where intense abstraction has led to rapidly falling water table levels. 相似文献
2.
The Krishni–Yamuna interstream area is a micro-watershed in the Central Ganga Plain and a highly fertile track of Western
Uttar Pradesh. The Sugarcane and wheat are the major crops of the area. Aquifers of Quaternary age form the major source of
Irrigation and municipal water supplies. A detailed hydrogeological investigation was carried out in the study area with an
objective to assess aquifer framework, groundwater quality and its resource potential. The hydrogeological cross section reveals
occurrence of alternate layers of clay and sand. Aquifer broadly behaves as a single bodied aquifer down to the depth of 100 m bgl
(metre below ground level) as the clay layers laterally pinch out. The depth to water in the area varies between 5 and 16.5 m bgl.
The general groundwater flow direction is from NE to SW with few local variations. An attempt has been made to evaluate groundwater
resources of the area. The water budget method focuses on the various components contributing to groundwater flow and groundwater
storage changes. Changes in ground water storage can be attributed to rainfall recharge, irrigation return flow and ground
water inflow to the basin minus baseflow (ground water discharge to streams or springs), evapotranspiration from ground water,
pumping and ground water outflow from the basin. The recharge is obtained in the study area using Water table fluctuation
and Tritium methods. The results of water balance study show that the total recharge in to the interstream region is of the
order of 185.25 million m3 and discharge from the study area is of the order of 203.24 million m3, leaving a deficit balance of −17.99 million m3. Therefore, the present status of groundwater development in the present study area has acquired the declining trend. Thus,
the hydrogeological analysis and water balance studies shows that the groundwater development has attained a critical state
in the region. 相似文献
3.
4.
东山湾贝类养殖容量的估算 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以初级生产力为基础,应用营养动态模式和沿岸海域能流分析模型,估算东山湾贝类年生产量分别为269331t和295767t,平均282549t。扣除潮间带、潮下带和吊养区浮筏、随着基及延绳上附着的非养殖滤食性附着动物自然现存量35760t,贝类可养殖量为246789t。应用统计分析和逻辑斯谛种群增长模型估计贝类可养面积为11839hm^2,其中缢蛏635hm^2,石蛎1160hm^2,吊蛎1525hm^2,翡翠贻贝633hm^2,菲律宾蛤仔1154hm^2,扇贝698hm^2,江瑶248hm^2,泥蚶601hm^2,巴非蛤4151hm^2,凸壳肌蛤1034hm^2。1998年实际养殖面积和养殖产量分别为10581hm^2和220564t。尚有1258hm^2,26225t的扩大开发潜力。文中还讨论了合理布局和优化养殖结构问题。 相似文献
5.
6.
We assess, based on fisheries and interview data collected on-site, whether Malthusian overfishing is occurring in Pulau Banggi, Sabah. Fisheries resources in Pulau Banggi have been perceived to be declining over the past 20 years, and characteristics of Malthusian overfishing are evident, although not at a magnitude comparable with other more heavily exploited artisanal fisheries in the Philippines. It appears that Pulau Banggi's reef fisheries are at an early stage of Malthusian overfishing, and this is therefore a critical time for addressing and mitigating drivers of overfishing to prevent inevitable and further decline of Pulau Banggi's reef fisheries. 相似文献
7.
北京市深基坑工程中土钉墙支护技术应用比较广泛,对于边坡变形要求严格的基坑,采用土钉墙与预应力锚杆联合支护技术可有效控制变形,结合工程实例,介绍了该技术的设计思路及应用过程,说明了该技术的适用性,并就施工中遇到的问题进行分析,给出相应的处理措施。 相似文献
8.
9.
徐汉斌 《地质灾害与环境保护》2002,13(1):26-28
成都外环路高速公路东半环超过有20km的路段处在成都粘土分布区,针对成都粘土的易滑性,本文提出了全封闭的浆砌片石护坡,土钉墙,非全封闭的锚杆框架护坡,钢纤维混凝土喷锚全封闭护坡,重力式挡土墙等五种方法处理成都粘土路堑边坡工程,施工实践表明,这些方法行之有效,在该类土的边坡防护中值得推广。 相似文献
10.
吐哈盆地侏罗纪煤中主要组分结构特征与生烃性分析 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
在高纯度煤岩显微组分分离富集的基础上,应用透射式显微傅里叶红外光谱技术 (Micro FTIR),对吐哈盆地侏罗纪煤中的主要组分-镜质体、丝质体、角质体、藻类体的结构组成进行了测定。结果表明 :藻类体主要由长链脂族结构组成,芳香结构含量相对较少;角质体和基质镜质体中含有较丰富的芳香结构以及长链脂族结构;而丝质体则主要由芳香结构组成,脂族结构含量很少。显微组分的这种结构特征决定了藻类体具有很高的生烃潜力、角质体和镜质体的生烃潜力中等、而丝质体的生烃潜力则很低。对于吐哈盆地煤成油来说,由于藻类体主要由长链脂族结构组成,并且生烃潜力也高,因此其具有高的液态烃产率、丝质体的产油率最小、角质体和镜质体的液态烃产率中等。由于镜质体是本区煤中含量最高的组分。因此,对于吐哈盆地所形成的具有工业规模的油田来说,镜质体应该是主要的贡献组分之一。但对于富含藻类体的厚层状烛藻煤,由于它类型好,品质高、生烃潜力大、以中长链脂族结构为主,是煤成油最理想的源岩。 相似文献