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Hayes RA Regondi S Winter MJ Butler PJ Agradi E Taylor EW Kevin Chipman J 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):665-669
Metallothionein has been assayed in a range of aquatic animal tissues as an indicator of metal exposure. We sequenced chub (Leuciscus cephalus) metallothionein cDNA which showed over 90% homology to common carp, goldfish and stone loach and 77% homology to rainbow trout sequences for metallothionein. We then used the extended primer method to develop an accurate quantitative competitive RT-PCR assay for metallothionein mRNA. RT-PCR was used to measure metallothionein mRNA in feral chub from a range of field sites, with different levels of heavy metal pollution, in the West Midlands, UK. Measurements were complemented by analysis of liver and gill metallothionein protein by capillary electrophoresis. There was no significant difference in the metallothionein protein levels between fish of different rivers and there was no evidence of elevation of mRNA at the sites of highest metal exposure. The level of metal exposure (e.g. zinc, nickel and cadmium each ranging between 15 and 28 microg/l ) at the pH (7.5-8.5) of these rivers appears insufficient to elevate hepatic or gill metallothionein in chub. A lack of elevation of hepatic metallothionein mRNA in chub exposed to zinc, copper and manganese for 24 h and 10 days in the laboratory also suggests a non-responsiveness of this species. 相似文献
3.
Dowty RA Shaffer GP Hester MW Childers GW Campo FM Greene MC 《Marine environmental research》2001,52(3):195-211
Research was conducted to assess the impact of oiling on fresh-marsh plant communities and to test the efficacy of techniques that may be used to enhance the bioremediation of crude oil spills in these environments while minimizing secondary anthropogenic impacts. To emulate field conditions, a mesocosm facility was used that houses 120 mesocosm vessels, each of 200-1 capacity. A five-way factorial treatment arrangement was used that included two substrates (inorganic, organic), two nutrient regimes (fertilized, not fertilized), two aeration levels (substrate aeration, no aeration), three oiling concentrations (0-, 5-, 10-1 m(-2) of South Louisiana Sweet Crude oil), and four vascular plant species (Alternanthera philoxeroides, Panicum hemitomon, Phragmites australis, Sagittaria lancifolia, and an unplanted control). Under the 5- and 10-1 m(-2) oiling concentrations, S. lancifolia displayed a short-term response of increased productivity, whereas P. hemitomon had the highest biomass production and photosynthetic rates at the end of the 18-month experiment. Overall plant growth and productivity, as well as oil degradation, were significantly higher in the inorganic substrate, indicating that biodegradation of oil spills in organic substrates may require a longer time period. Time-released fertilizer also stimulated plant productivity and resulted in higher soil respiratory quotients, suggestive of greater microbial activity, particularly in aerated mesocosms. The amount of oil remaining after 18 months was lowest in aerated and fertilized mesocosms containing either P. hemitomon or S. lancifolia and a substrate of low organic matter content. 相似文献
4.
Wharton RA Meyer MA McKay CP Mancinelli RL Simmons GM 《Limnology and oceanography》1994,39(4):839-853
Perennially ice-covered lakes are found in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of southern Victoria Land, Antarctica. In contrast to temperate lakes that have diurnal photic periods, antarctic (and arctic) lakes have a yearly photic period. An unusual feature of the antarctic lakes is the occurrence of O2 at supersaturated levels in certain portions of the water column. Here we report the first sediment O2 profiles obtained using a microelectrode from a perennially ice-covered antarctic lake. Sediment cores collected in January and October 1987 from Lake Hoare in Taylor Valley show oxygenation down to 15, and in some cases, 25 cm. The oxygenation of sediments several centimeters below the sediment-water interface is atypical for lake sediments and may be characteristic of perennially ice-covered lakes. There is a significant difference between the observed January and October sediment O2 profiles. Several explanations may account for the difference, including seasonality. A time-dependent model is presented which tests the feasibility of a seasonal cycle resulting from the long photoperiod and benthic primary production in sediments overlain by a highly oxygenated water column. 相似文献
5.
"This paper establishes and discusses briefly regional patterns and trends in crude birth, death, and natural increase rates in Russia and the USSR from the turn of the century to 1989. The study is based on a comparable regional framework and placed in the context of the demographic transition theory. It discusses sources, collection, and quality of data, as well as necessary estimating procedures. An attempt also is made to examine briefly regional age-standardized rates." 相似文献
6.
著名水文地质学家,浙江上虞人。1942年毕业于昆明西南联大地质系。同年人中央地质调查所,1949年离所。1991年当选为中国科学院地学部学部委员。历任地矿部水文地质工程地局副总工程师、地矿部教授级高级工程师、高级顾问、国土资源部咨询研究中心咨询委员。 相似文献
7.
1开发背景 随着MICAPS系统的广泛使用,9210工程下发的各类MICAPS资料迅速增加,面对庞大的气象卫星广播资料(每天的资料接近1G),筛选本地可用的资料,最大限度地利用现有资料,提高看图效率,简化、优化MICAPS系统显得尤为重要。优化、完善、本地化MICAPS系统已经成为新疆预报员需要解决的首要问题。因此,我们对原MICAPS系统进行了仔细的研究, 相似文献
8.
在过去的十年中,显而易见,大气是许多自然物质和污染物从大陆输送到海洋的重要途径。这些物质的大气输入对海洋生物过程和海洋化学循环有正或负的影响。例如:很明显,大气是许多区域的重要营养成分如铁,氮等的重要输送途径。在本报告中,我们评价了这些地区的期的数据,发展向海洋的微量元素,矿物气溶胶,含氮物质合成有机物的大气通量的全球范围的估算值;比较了这些物质通过大气和河流输入的海洋比率。 相似文献
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20世纪60年代以来,世界逐渐将目光从经济建设转向生态文明建设.青海湖,作为青海省生态文明建设的杰出成果;作为青海省对外宣传的靓丽名片和21世纪省内经济建设与生态文明建设的重要结合点,其英译中,译者更应做到生态翻译学中所要求的语言维、文化维和交际维的灵活转换.做到符合"三维转换"的要求,在每一个部分的侧重点中灵活运用,... 相似文献