Analytical solutions of one‐dimensional infiltration before and after ponding

This paper is a continuation of previous research, which obtained a convenient solution for arbitrary surface fluxes before ponding. By means of Fourier Transformation this has been extended to derive analytical solutions of a linearized Richards' equation for arbitrary input fluxes after surface saturation. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一个被动大陆边缘的“开”“合”史及找矿标志——以赣西北震旦系至下古生界为例

本文根据赣西北地区震旦系至志留系基本层序和板内构造演化,可把古板块构造发展划分为4个阶段:开裂期(Z_1l-Z_2p)以中、小规模的重力流和凝缩段为特征;成熟发展期(∈_1-∈_3~1),以沉降沉积作用为主;萎缩期(∈_3~2-O_2h)以大规模重力流和混生动物群为特征;闭合期(O_3-S_3)以双幕式沉积为特征。同时阐述了在板块发展的各个阶段,不能忽视其成矿作用。     

Structural features and petroleum geology of the fold-thrust belt in the southern Tarim basin, China

The west Kunlun fold-thrust belt (WKFTB) and the Altun fold-thrust belt (AFTB) are respectively located in the southern margin of the Tarim basin, NW China. The analyses of typical structures and regional dynamics of the fold-thrust belts reveal their different structural and petroleum features and mechanisms. WKFTB differs from AFTB by abundant fault-related folds and triangles zones, and was formed by northward extrusion of the west Kunlun orogen. AFTB was affected synchronously by northward extrusion of the Altun orogen and the sinistral strike-slipping of the Altun Fault, so it is characterized by the minor scale and the monotonous structural styles. The Aqike anticline and the Aqike fault, of which the strikes are orthogonal to the strike of the fold-thrust belts, are regarded as the adjustive structures between both of the fold-thrust belts. The oil-gas pools of WKFTB develop mainly in the faulted-related anticline traps, but the oil-gas pools of AFTB develop mainly in the low fault-block and anticlines traps related with the paleo-uplifts. There are different exploration countermeasures for both of the fold-thrust belts.     

含煤盆地煤储层后期改造形式及对煤层气选区影响--以华北克拉通选区为例

阐述了改造型含煤盆地煤储层被改造的两种形式；煤体结构的改造及构造煤的形成原因；后生充填物对煤层孔隙的改造及形成原因。提出了以构造煤发育程度作为改造型含煤盆地改造强度的一个指标。概述了华北克拉通盆地由中生代剪压应力转化为新生代剪张应力和拉张应力，而在盆地内形成以挤压构造为主到伸展构造为主的演化历程，及不同构造类型的区域分布，指出这种演化极易形成构造煤和后生充填物。提出将华北克拉通含煤盆地分为3种改造类型及其分布区域，分析了各自区域的煤储层物性及对煤层气开发选区的影响。提出应重视鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪煤层的煤层气．研究与开发．     

自动高精度测距系统

介绍了自动高精度测距系统。该系统能以５×１０－７的测距精度测定多个观测点的形变，可作为跨断层动态连续观测的新仪器。     

Significant population genetic structure detected in the rock bream <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oplegnathus fasciatus</Emphasis> (Temminck &amp; Schlegel, 1844) inferred from fluorescent-AFLP analysis

Oplegnathus fasciatus (rock bream) is a commercial rocky reef fish species in East Asia that has been considered for aquaculture. We estimated the population genetic diversity and population structure of the species along the coastal waters of China using fluorescent-amplified fragment length polymorphisms technology. Using 53 individuals from three populations and four pairs of selective primers, we amplified 1 264 bands, 98.73% of which were polymorphic. The Zhoushan population showed the highest Nei’s genetic diversity and Shannon genetic diversity. The results of analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 59.55% of genetic variation existed among populations and 40.45% occurred within populations, which indicated that a significant population genetic structure existed in the species. The pairwise fixation index F _st ranged from 0.20 to 0.63 and were significant after sequential Bonferroni correction. The topology of an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean tree showed two significant genealogical branches corresponding to the sampling locations of North and South China. The AMOVA and STRUCTURE analyses suggested that the O. fasciatus populations examined should comprise two stocks.     

BDS区域卫星导航系统空间信号精度评估

针对BDS区域卫星导航系统的空间信号精度评估问题,分析利用精密星历进行空间信号评估的算法以及SISURE的投影原理,讨论BDS不同星座的参数选择。估计BDS各个卫星的空间信号精度,估算出SISURE综合误差的平均值为1.54 m,与GPS的空间信号精度还存在一定差距。针对个别导航卫星某些分量误差偏大的情况进行分析,发现GEO卫星SISURE个别时段较差和轨道机动有一定关系,并明确了BDS实际的空间信号精度,可为BDS用户提供一定参考。     

Properties and organic activation of ocean clay in the East Pacific

In order to make use of ocean clay reasonably and excavate its potential applications the properties of ocean clay in Chinese investigating area of the East Pacific have been tested with the chemical analysis, XRFS, ICP/MAS, granulometry and SSA, etc. The results show that the clay sediments of this area are rich in clay minerals, fine granularity, bigger SSA, bigger water absorbability and lower ion changing ability etc. To improve the adaptability of ocean clay and macromolecule materials, using the dry milling method with silane, aluminate, stearic acid coupling agents etc the properties of ocean clay are improved. The effect has been evaluated by testing the water absorbing of the modified ocean clay and their dispersing in paraffin liquid. The result is that KH550 is better than any other active reagents, and the best activation technics is that 1.5% (volume) of KH550 quantity, 20min of milling time. The DTA, XRD, SEM and IR analyses and SSA testing show that the organic activation can not change the mineral structure but can densify the structure of clay, and activation mechanism is chemical covered mainly and chemical combined secondly.     

最小二乘定权方法对流动重力计算结果的影响

在处理流动重力观测数据时,采用最小二乘方法解算由权系数和观测值组成的超定方程组,得到最优权值,并利用最优权计算重力值。结果表明,等权方法计算得到的结果点值精度不高,但包含了较全的重力异常地震分析预报信息;不等权方法计算得到的结果点值精度较高,但削弱了有用的重力异常地震分析预报信息;最小二乘方法计算得到的结果不但有较高的点值精度,对M_S4.0及以上地震的分析预报效果也最优。     

航天遥感技术在叶尔羌河中下游地区Au、Cu等多金属矿找矿有利地段预测中的应用研究

板块构造成矿理论认为西昆仑叶尔羌河中下游地区属于Ａｕ、Ｃｕ及多金属矿成矿远景区,但因其野外地质条件恶劣,交通状况差,地质勘探极其困难而影响了找矿工作的深入开展,为此我们利用航天遥感技术的优势进行了找矿有利地段预测研究。在研究中首先对区域地质遥感影像特征进行了综合分析,并根据板块构造成矿理论对矿化作用进行了空间划分和成矿条件总结。在此基础上,通过成矿相关影像特征信息的提取,圈定出Ａｕ、Ｃｕ及多金属矿成矿有利地段。