基于广义Kопытов模型及乙型水驱曲线的综合预测法

将广义Kопытов预测模型和乙型水驱曲线方法有机的结合起来，得到了油田开发中后期——递减时期的一种预测水驱开发油田的含水率、产油量、产水量及其相应的累积产量随开发时间变化的方法，此方法克服了在水驱油田预测开发指标中二者所存在的局限性。     

岩层离距图法研究沉积岩断裂发育史——以松辽盆地敖古拉断裂为例

利用断裂活动过程中留下的各种地质标记研究断裂发育史是比较困难的 ,已有的研究方法主要可归纳出七种 ,都存在局限性。岩层离距图法是以地震剖面为基础 ,将穿过断裂的各剖面上的标志层投影到沿断裂走向的铅垂面上 ,得到多组标志层的垂向断距数据 ,然后用下部各标志层的断距减去最上部标志层的断距 ,并作多轮次计算 ,直到最后的断距差近似为零或仅剩一个非零标志层。每一轮次计算代表一个活动期次 ,如果出现负值 ,则表示有构造反转。对松辽盆地敖古拉断裂作了实例计算 ,结果为该断裂发育经历了三个正断活动期和一个逆断活动期 ,与盆地区域性活动有些差别。岩层离距图法比起其他已有方法 ,可靠程度大大提高     

中国海相碳酸盐岩评价中有关有机质丰度下限的几点讨论

综述了中国海相碳酸盐岩有机质下限研究的若干进展,认为针对不同需求,应提出碳酸盐岩烃源岩最低下限、有效烃源岩下限、战略选区下限3个不同的下限标准。高成熟碳酸盐岩原始有机质丰度恢复一直存在争议,根据生烃动力学,结合热史,可实现原始有机质总量的恢复。碳酸盐岩中泥质与有机质丰度、排烃能力是否相关仍存在争论,认为碳酸盐岩中泥质的作用仍有待进一步研究。     

煤层气在煤储层中的扩散及其影响因素

煤层气在煤储层中的扩散是指从煤基质孔隙表面上解吸的煤层气运移到割理系统的主要过程。发生扩散的前提条件是气体浓度差的出现，衡量扩散能力大小的重要参数是扩散系数。前者为由解吸速度、解吸气量和煤层气产量、井孔压力降等因素控制的动态参数，而后者为主要受扩散物质性质、扩散介质特征、扩散系统的温度、压力和孔隙结构形态等因素影响的静态参数。煤层气在煤储层中的扩散量与煤层气浓度差和扩散系数呈正比关系。     

Distribution and characteristics of volcanic reservoirs in China

About forty productive oil/gas fields hosted in volcanic reservoirs have been found since 1957 in fourteen basins of China. They can be simply subdivided into two groups, the east and the west. Reservoir volcanic rocks of the east group are predominantly composed of Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous rhyolite and Tertiary basalt, preferred being considered as rift type volcanics developed in the circum-Pacific tectonic regime. Those of the west are Permo-Carboniferous intermediate/basic volcanic rocks, being island-arc type ones developed in paleo-Asian Ocean tectonic regime.     

Characteristics and evolution of lacustrine turbidite of Chang-7 Member of Yanchang Formation in northern Shaanxi

Lacustrine turbidite of Chang-7 Member in the studied area consists of sihstone and fine sandstone with respect to grain size, which is feldspathic lithie sandstone, syrosem arkose and arkose with respect to mineral constitution affected by provenance. There are such apparent signatures as lithology, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and well logs, to recognize turbidite. During the paleogeographic evolution of Chang-7 Member, lake basin and deep lake are both at their maximum extent during Chang-73 stage, resulting in the deposition of Zhangjiatan shale with widespread extent and of turbidite with fragmental-like. Deep lake line is gradually moving toward lake center and turbidite sand bodies are gradually turning better with better lateral continuity, connectivity and more thickness, from stages of Chang-73, Chang-72 and Chang-7t, which can be favorable reservoir in deep-water.     

峡口高地应力软岩隧道施工监测及支护对策研究

针对高应力软岩公路隧道的特点,对湖北宜巴高速公路峡口隧道开展了地应力测试、隧洞收敛下沉、接触应力、结构受力等项目的监测工作。地应力测试结果表明,虽然隧洞埋深不大,但由于构造应力的存在,仍属于高地应力区。施工监测结果表明,高应力软岩隧道变形与结构受力具有明显的时空效应,与开挖方式、工作面距离以及支护时机密切相关。由于隧洞围岩软弱破碎,加之处于高应力作用下,在工作面通过后,岩体产生持续性的流变变形,导致隧洞产生挤压大变形和结构受力的持续增加,达到支护结构强度极限,最终导致围岩失稳和支护体系的失效。基于上述研究成果,提出了相应的高应力软岩大变形支护设计对策。研究成果为高应力软岩隧道变形与结构受力的时空效应性提供了监测数据支持,为峡口隧道的施工和支护设计提供了依据,对我国西部其他高应力软岩公路隧道的建设具有借鉴意义     

Geochemical Characteristics,Genesis of Concealed Cu-rich Ore Body in the Jinchuan Deposit,Northwestern China,and Its Prospecting

Abstract: The Jinchuan deposit is hosted by the olivine-rich ultramafic rock body, which is the third-largest magmatic sulfide Ni–Cu deposit in the world currently being exploited. Seeking new relaying resources in the deep and the border of the deposit becomes more and more important. The ore body, ore and geochemistry characteristics of the concealed Cu-rich ore body are researched. Through spatial analysis and comparison with the neighboring II1 main ore body, the mineralization rule of the concealed Cu-rich ore body is summed up. It is also implied that Cu-rich magma may exist between Ni-rich magma and ore pulp during liquation differentiation in deep-stage chambers, which derives from deep-mantle Hi–MgO basalt magma. It is concluded that the type of ore body has features of both magmatic liquation and late reconstruction action. It has experienced three stages: deep liquation and pulsatory injection of the Cu- and PPGE-rich magma, concentration of tectonic activation, and the later magma hydrothermal superimposition. In addition, the Pb and S isotopes indicate the magma of I6 concealed Cu-rich ore body originates predominantly from mantle; however, it is interfused by minute crust material. Finally, it is inferred that the genesis of the Cu–Ni sulfide deposit is complex and diverse, and the prospect of seeking new deep ore bodies within similar deposits is promising, especially Cu-rich ore bodies.     

塔里木盆地寒武系层状硅质岩与硅化岩的元素、δ30Si、δ18O地球化学研究

塔里木盆地寒武系发育层状硅质岩和硅化岩,层状硅质岩主要发育于塔东下寒武统深水沉积相区;硅化岩发育于塔东上寒武统斜坡沉积区与西部台地区寒武系白云岩中。根据显微结构特征,可将硅化岩分为放射状硅化岩与交代残余结构硅化岩两种。分析结果表明,层状硅质岩在Al—Fe-Mn三元图中位于正常海水沉积硅质岩区内,在微量元素平均地壳标准化图解上显示平缓右倾的特征;层状硅质岩Si同位素组成护。δ30Si为0．99‰～1．4‰,O同位素组成δ18O为21．4‰～24．4‰,与沉积型硅质岩相吻合,指示了正常海水沉积成因。硅化岩区别于层状硅质岩的典型特征是具有高U异常的特征;罗西斜坡放射状硅化岩具有较高的微量元素和稀土元素含量（∑REE为18．8～96．9μg／g）与较低的Si、O同位素值（δ18O和δ30Si值分别为15．8‰和1．7‰）;西部台地区交代残余结构硅化岩具有较低微量元素和稀土元素含量（∑REE为0．58～2．61μg／g）与较高的δ30Si（1．0‰～3．8‰）、δ18O（21．6‰～27．0‰）值特征。盆地东西部硅化岩的地球化学差异可能与硅化流体的温度差异有关,罗西斜坡放射状硅化岩硅化温度相对更高;另一方面,硅化过程对h430SiO4选择性较高,因而形成的交代石英具有较高的铲勘值。根据古城4井硅化岩包裹体均一温度与交代石英的O同位素值计算得到交代流体的δ18O值为9．1‰,该值与酸性岩浆水的δ18O值相似,指示了硅化流体可能来自于岩浆或变质水;以δ18O值（9．1‰）作为西部台地区硅化流体的O同位素值,计算得到西部台地区硅化岩硅化流体温度为101．3～158．5℃。根据石英O同位素温度计计算的硅化流体温度呈东高西低的趋势,指示了硅化流体可能来自台地东部。     

油气二次运移研究进展述评

油气运移,尤其油气的二次运移是石油地质学研究的重要内容,同时也是一个薄弱环节。20世纪90年代以来,油气二次运移研究所取得的主要进展是:①对油气二次运移机理的认识有了很大提高;②油气二次运聚模拟实验设计更加科学,实验结果更为可信;③油气二次运聚数值模拟水平有了长足进步。深入的综合研究和油气运移聚集的三维可视化模拟是今后的研究方向。