Thermodynamic analysis of heat transfer in a wellbore combining compressed air energy storage

Compressed air energy storage (CAES) is a potential energy storage technology. The gas phase and short cycle period are two key factors affecting heat transfer loss in the wellbore of CAES. A semi-analytical solution was developed by using the convolution method considering gas movement in this study to describe the transient behavior of heat transfer with a short cycle period. The comparative analysis of the presented solution with two published solutions showed that the solution matched well with the previous solutions under steady state. Parametric studies were carried out to investigate the impact of injection rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and thermal diffusivity of the formation on heat loss in the wellbore. The results indicated that a low overall heat transfer coefficient and thermal diffusivity of the formation with an appropriate injection rate can efficiently reduce the heat loss. A hypothetical case study with a short cycle period of injection and production was conducted to demonstrate the applicability of the developed solution in CAES. The results suggest that the semi-analytical solution is applicable for heat transfer in the wellbore of CAES.     

综合物探在东罗（坑口）火电厂灰渣堆置场勘察中的应用

东罗火电厂灰渣堆置场的选址，以场地堆置灰渣后是否对客兰水库造成污染为前提。广西地质测井中心利用综合物探方法对场地的水文地质、工程地质和环境地质进行勘察评价。经工作，圈定了第四系土层和七条岩溶发育带，确定了一正断层位置，在四个钻孔中充电确定了地下水的流速和流向（主要为北西向和正北方向）。最后认为，场地堆置弃渣后，对位于南南东方向的客兰水库没有造成污染，为选址决策和施工设计提供了依据     

The potential impacts of a water transfer project on the groundwater system in the Sugan Lake Basin of China

Hydrogeology Journal - The ungauged Sugan Lake Basin represents a candidate area for development of a water transfer scheme to satisfy the water requirement of Dunhuang city in northwestern China....     

甘肃省县域乡村功能地域分异特征

明确乡村功能与定位,可以为加快农业农村现代化发展、有效推进乡村振兴战略实施提供决策参考。通过构建乡村多功能综合评价指标体系,以甘肃省县域为研究单元,采用ArcGIS自然间断点法、纵向比较系数等方法,对全省乡村功能发展水平进行综合评价。结果表明：（1）2000—2019年乡村综合功能指数平均值不断上升,乡村综合功能增强,总体呈现东高西低的空间格局;农业生产功能逐步增强,粮食作物主产区范围不断扩大,并不断向陇中、陇南地区方向移动;经济发展功能呈现西北高东南低的空间格局,外围区县发展受到中心城区辐射带动作用;居住生活功能异质性明显,大部分区县乡村居住生活水平较低;生态保育功能受政策影响,逐步改善且高值区不断扩大。（2）乡村综合功能2010年后差距扩大,但各功能变异系数整体趋于稳定,变化幅度较小。（3）乡村多功能纵向比较系数空间分布特征显著,部分地区之间有一定的空间集聚特征,总体表现为增强趋势。根据甘肃省乡村功能类型区呈现的地域差异化提出了相应的调整策略。     

永定河生态补水的地下水位动态响应

永定河流域生态修复是京津冀协同发展的重要议题,地下水位对生态补水动态响应的研究是关键的科学问题。以2020年春季永定河生态补水实践为研究基础,采用地下水均衡分析、相关分析和聚类分析等多种技术手段,详细讨论了不同河段河道渗漏损失、地下水动态变化与控制因素。研究发现,2020年春季大流量生态补水河道的渗漏损失率（20%~40%）比2016年（30%~60%）和2019年（41%~58%）的小流量生态补水低;生态补水条件下,77眼观测井地下水动态呈现显著回升、变化不显著和持续下降三种变化规律;根据影响因素划定了河道渗漏补给主控型、河道渗漏和降水主控型、河道渗漏-降水-地下水开采作用明显型、河道渗漏-降水-地下水开采作用不明显型4种类型。其中,河道渗漏主控型的监测井在补水期的地下水位迅速升高,升幅一般在1~19 m之间,最大达20 m,而且存在明显的滞后性。这些规律可为制定科学的生态补水方案提供技术参考。     

iTOUGH2反演模型在地下水模拟中的应用

模型参数快速校准是地下水数值模型应用中非常重要和困难的工作,反演模型提高了该工作的效率。在阐述i TOUGH2反演模型流程和TOUGH2/EOS9模块原理的基础上,介绍了i TOUGH2关于敏感性分析、参数估计和不确定性分析的原理。以FEFLOW软件中含三个观测井信息的Breyell抽水试验为例,利用i TOUGH2进行了敏感性分析、参数估计和不确定性分析,发现渗透率和孔隙度为敏感参数,而且通过加权最小二乘法的目标函数和优化算法获得了参数的估计值,最后使用一次二阶矩法和蒙特卡罗法分别进行了不确定性分析。将i TOUGH2反演的参数估计值与FEFLOW反演结果对比,发现两者接近,说明i TOUGH2的反演结果是可靠的。i TOUGH2对应的功能全,包括参数反演,敏感性分析,不确定性分析,可作为地下水模型反演模型的选择之一。     

An innovative method to estimate regional-scale hydraulic diffusivity using GRACE data

ABSTRACT

Estimation of hydraulic properties in the field is usually small-scale and not cost-effective. This paper proposes an innovative method for estimating hydraulic diffusivity at regional scale. Monthly groundwater storage change over the period from 2003 to 2013 is first estimated from GRACE-derived terrestrial water storage (TWS). Assuming that the aquifer system is unconfined and the hydraulic properties are uniform in a geographical cell, the water balance principle and Darcy’s law are used to establish a relation between groundwater storage and hydraulic diffusivity. The value of hydraulic diffusivity is then adjusted using the generalized least squares and linear correlation method. This GRACE-derived hydraulic diffusivity estimation method, or GHDE method for short, is first verified with a hypothetical case and then applied in the Beishan area with available field-measured hydraulic conductivity data. The hypothetical case study demonstrates that the method works perfectly if the TWS data are error free. The Beishan case study illustrates that the estimated hydraulic diffusivities using the GHDE method correlate reasonably well with field test results, suggesting that this method is applicable. The accuracy of this method is constrained by the resolution of the GRACE-derived TWS data and is most suitable for very large scale groundwater problems due to the current accuracy of the GRACE data.

EDITOR A. Castellarin ASSOCIATE EDITOR N. Verhoest     

水位波动下包气带透镜体影响LNAPL迁移的数值模拟研究

轻质非水相液体（LNAPLs）在土壤包气带中具有多相态特征,非均质性、地下水位波动等因素将显著增加包气带内LNAPLs污染的复杂程度。已有研究多关注于揭示包气带内自由相LNAPLs的污染过程,少有更为深入地探究水位波动时非均质结构对LNAPLs迁移及各相态分布规律的影响。基于TOUGH2程序构建包气带多相流数值模型,以揭示透镜体结构与地下水位波动共同作用下LNAPLs迁移过程及相态分布。研究结果表明：（1）含水率变化是LNAPLs迁移分布的主要控制因素,包气带内受透镜体介质岩性、水位波动影响所呈现的含水率变化直接控制LNAPLs迁移规律及分布特征;（2）水位恒定时,细砂透镜体使LNAPL呈“蓄积穿透-横向扩展-绕流”迁移,粗砂透镜体则是LNAPL垂向迁移的“优势通道”,水位波动引起的细砂透镜体含水率变化使“绕流”显著增强,粗砂透镜体则进一步呈现“优势空间”作用;（3）水位恒定时,细砂透镜体模型中LNAPL滞留于透镜体内部,粗砂模型中LNAPL则集中于透镜体下方,水位波动下透镜体附近LNAPL分布范围扩展,两模型LNAPL分布面积较水位恒定时分别增大51%、63%;（4）两模型中LNAPL挥发通量均呈“先减小-后增大”规律,并受LNAPL-气体接触条件及LNAPL分布状况共同作用,水位波动打破三相平衡状态,主要表现为水位抬升阶段LNAPL挥发增强,此时两模型中平均挥发量较水位恒定时增大124%～126%。研究为非均质石油污染场地中的LNAPL污染过程认识提供了科学的理论依据。