TEQC数据质量可视化分析软件设计与应用

全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）观测值的数据质量是保证GNSS高精度定位的前提,为提高数据质量需要对GNSS观测值进行数据预处理,目前应用较为广泛的是UNAVCO Facility机构开发的TEQC软件．由于TEQC是DOS环境下的命令式,没有图形操作界面,人机交互性较差,生成的绘图结果文件需要借助QCVIEW等可视化软件处理,但这些软件尚无法对TEQC 2013.3.15以上版本生成的compact 3格式文件进行图形分析．因此,本文基于MATLAB GUI开发了一套适用于compact 3结果文件的可视化界面软件(TEQCplot View),实验测试结果表明:该软件性能稳定,可实现对不同结果文件的可视化分析．      

公共服务电子地图瓦片分类插值重建方法研究

针对高分屏上公共服务电子地图显示出现注记模糊、线划锯齿化等问题,该文提出了一种面向高分屏的公共服务地图瓦片分类插值超分辨率重建方法。实验结果表明:所提算法不仅可以有效地改善公共服务电子地图瓦片的可视化效果,而且对瓦片访问速度的影响甚小。研究成果在不改变现有地理信息应用系统技术流程和技术架构的基础上,显著提升了公共服务地图瓦片的显示效果,具有很强的应用推广价值。方法将公共服务地图瓦片中的像素分为3类,根据像素特征选择插值方法,增加瓦片文件的像素数量,使其在高分屏上显示时,有更多的采样点,从而获得清晰、稳定的视觉效果,是一种快速、有效的提升公共服务地图瓦片显示效果的方法。     

2种罗非鱼加工下脚料产物替代秘鲁鱼粉养殖奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)稚鱼效果评价

采用传统养殖试验方法进行了评价罗非鱼加工下脚料制备的2种产物替代秘鲁鱼粉在奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)稚鱼实用日粮中的效果研究。实验设计了3种等蛋白质(33.8%)、等能量(16.50MJ/kg)左右的实用实验日粮,对照组与试验组1、2日粮中分别添加秘鲁鱼粉、罗非鱼加工下脚料产物制备的酶解小肽和鱼粉。实验结果表明,实验期间(63d)各实验组鱼均无死亡;添加罗非鱼鱼粉组鱼的特定生长率和饲料效益均显著性低于秘鲁鱼粉组(P0.05),而添加罗非鱼酶解小肽组鱼的特定生长率和饲料效益均高于秘鲁鱼粉组,但2组间无显著性差异(P0.05);实验各组鱼的肝体比和肠脂比,鱼体水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、氨基酸比例与脂肪酸比例均无显著性差异(P0.05)。本实验认为,在奥尼罗非鱼幼鱼罗非鱼实用日粮中罗非鱼酶解小肽可以替代秘鲁鱼粉,但罗非鱼鱼粉养殖效果较秘鲁鱼粉差。     

水稻发育对光周期和CO_2浓度的响应

地球大气中CO_2浓度的增加已引起了人们对CO_2对植物的影响,尤其是对世界粮食供应的未来展望的兴趣。水稻是一种主要的粮食作物,人们对CO_2浓度在水稻生理生长期和整个生育期方面的影响了解相对较少,而这是一个水稻品种对一特定地区环境适应性的一个重要方面。本研究的目的是确定一个当代改良水稻品种(Oryza sativa,品种 IR-30)在两个对照的光周期下对不同CO_2浓度的响应。在整个生育期中,水稻植株生长在置于室外、采用自然光照并由计算机控制环境条件的人工气候室中。室内的CO_2浓度分别为160、250(低于环境浓度)、330(环境浓度)、500、660和900(高于环境浓度)μmol CO_2/mol 空气。在1987年,整个试验进行了两次。第一次即早稻试验在营养生长阶段内延长了光周期,而第二次即晚稻(LPR)试验只利用自然出现的光周期。在两个试验中,营养生长期的主茎叶片发育速率均比生殖生长期的主茎叶片发育速率快,同时在营养生长阶段,出叶速度随CO_2处理而加快。在晚稻试验中,与等于环境CO_2浓度和低于环境CO_2浓度的处理相比,高于环境CO_2浓度处理下的水稻幼穗分化和孕穗期出现较早,且整个生育期缩短。这种随CO_2浓度上升而产生的植物发育加速现象与CO_2引起的营养生长阶段内主茎叶片的减少有关。相对于晚稻试验,在早稻试验中水稻植株发育对CO_2的响应的减弱是由人为延长光周期迫使生殖生长发育阶段推迟引起的,在高于环境浓度处理中更是如此。鉴于全球大气中CO_2浓度的持续增大,CO_2导致的发育加速和全生育期缩短可能会成为一个参与挑选水稻品种和安排特定地区农事活动的水稻学家和育种学家感兴趣的问题。     

THE GATE SQUALL LINE OF 9－10 AUGUST 1974

A tropical squall line that passed over the ship array of the Global Atmospheric Research Programme’s Atlantic Tropical Experiment (GATE) on 9－10 August 1974 is analyzed. This squall line was similar to squall systems that passed over the GATE ship array on four other days. It began as a purely convective cloud line, then developed an associated stratiform cloud and precipitation area. The stratiform rain built up to a maxi-mum amount over a period of 8 h, then gradually diminished over a 6 h period. This stratiform rain is esti-mated to have accounted for 32% of the squall system’s total precipitation. As in other GATE squall lines, the upper-level cloud shield from which the stratiform rain fell, was advected slowly forward of the line during the system’s lifetime, the leading line of corrective clouds consisted of transient smaller-scale convective elements, which lent the line an irregular shape and pulsatory movement, and the stratiform portion of the system was characterized by the development of a mid-level mesoscale vortex similar to that seen in other GATE eases.     

足尺磁流变阻尼器的建模及动态特性

在过去三十年左右的时间里,结构保护系统受到了广大研究者的普遍关注.这种保护系统可以用来降低自然灾害(如地震、强风)对上木工程建筑的损害.由于磁流变阻尼器机械结构简单,动态范围大,能耗低,回复力大,鲁棒性良好,能够在满足不同工程项目需求的同时提供有效的结构抗震抗风手段,目前它是一种非常有前途的半主动结构减震装置.本文首先介绍了磁流变液体和装置的主要特性和优点,建立了磁流变阻尼器的伪静力轴对称模型,并将其结果和平行板模型以及阻尼器实验结果进行了比较.尽管伪静力模型对于阻尼器的设计十分有效,但是它们还不足以描述阻尼器的动态特性.对实际工程应用来说,动态响应时间是一项非常重要的性能指标.文章还讨论了影响磁流变阻尼器动态响应时间的因素,建立了基于Bouc-Wen模型的阻尼器动态模型.同时文章也提出了优化阻尼器动态响应的途径和方法以及其实验验证.     

Land cover change detection in West Jilin using ETM ＋ images

In order to assess the information content and accuracy of Landsat ETM digital images in land cover change detection,change-detection techniques of image differencing, normalized difference vegetation index,principal components analysis and tasseled-cap transformation were applied to yield 13 images. These images were thresholded into change and no change areas. The thresholded images were then checked in terms of various accuracies. The experiment results show that kappa coefficients of the 13 images range from 48.05-78.09. Different images do detect different types of changes. Images associated with changes in the near-inflared-reflectance or greenness detects crop-type changes and changes between vegetative and non-vegetative features. A unique means of using only Landsat imagery without reference data for the assessment of change in arid land are presented. Images of 12t June, 2000 and 2‘d June, 2002 are used to validate the means. Analyses of standard accuracy and spatial agreement are performed to compare the new images (hereafter called “change images” ) representing the change between the two dates. Spatial agreement evaluates the conformity in the classified “change pixels” and “no-change pixels” at the same location on different change images and comprehensively examines the different techniques. This method would enable authorities to monitor land degradation efficiently and aeculately.     

基于新疆准东基地水源地地下水开采方案的数值模拟

为探究新疆准东基地水源地地下水开采量可实行方案与地下水水位下降状况,采用Processing MODFLOW软件,对项目区进行地下水数值模拟研究。经过模拟流场形态与观测值以及对地下水动态进行拟合,提取地下水梯度场、降速场与实测资料进行对比分析。总结得出符合该地区地下水变化的地下水开采量方案。研究表明该水源地地下水开采实施方案符合该地区水资源长期发展。     

DETERMINANTS OF STRUCTURE IN AQUATIC NON-PELAGIC PROTOZOAN COMMUNITIES

Although microbes have traditionally been used as models for testing ecological theory, research on the organization of these communities has largely been isolated from other areas of community ecology. Early studies indicated that microbial populations can form dynamic, interacting assemblages. Observations of distributional patterns suggest that certain deterministic forces regulate community structure. It appears that protozoans are tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions although evidence for this is largely based on gross environmental analyses. Laboratory studies have suggested the importance of negative and positive biotic interactions in determining community membership, but little field evidence for this exists. The importance of transport processes in controlling community composition is being increasingly recognized. All three types of processes likely act to regulate the colonization and successional dynamics of these communities. A simple model is presented to promote the devel