Effect of cadmium on the defense response of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to Listonella anguillarum challenge

Heavy metal pollution can affect the immune capability of organisms.We evaluated the effect of cadmium(Cd) on the defense responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to Listonella anguillarum challenge.The activities of several important defensive enzymes,including superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GPx),acid phosphatase(ACP),Na+,K+-ATPase in gills and hepatopancreas,and phenoloxidase-like(POL) enzyme in hemolymph were assayed.In addition,the expression levels of several genes,including heat shock protein 90(HSP90),metallothionein(MT),and bactericidal/permeability increasing(BPI) protein were quantified by fluorescent quantitative PCR.The enzyme activities of SOD,ACP,POL,and GPx in hepatopancreas,and the expression of HSP90 were down-regulated,whereas GPx activity in the gill,Na+,K+-ATPase activities in both tissues,and MT expression was increased in Cdexposed oysters post L.anguillarum challenge.However,BPI expression was not significantly altered by co-stress of L.anguillarum infection and cadmium exposure.Our results suggest that cadmium exposure alters the oysters’ immune responses and energy metabolism following vibrio infection.     

北黄海长山群岛海域环境观状评价

本文根据１９８９年７月至１９９０年５月北黄海长山群岛海区四个航次（春、夏、秋、冬）水质及底质１４０００余个数据的分析测试结果，探讨了测区水质、底质各要素分布特征，并对其环境质量现状作了初步评价。结果表明，调查区环境质量良好．南部海域环境优于北部。     

微型计算机农业气象资料管理系统

本文叙述一个被命名为SAMR的微型计算机农业气象资料管理系统。系统包括9种磁盘文件。将本院气象站自1958年1月1日以来每日20项气象资料存贮在微型计算机的硬盘上。文件总长1.3兆字节。用户可迅速而方便地进行资料查询。程序由BASIC语言写成。该管理系统具有使用方便、查询速度快、能进行统计计算及汉字打印等特点。目前作者正使用该系统开展作物产量、生育期和病虫害等预报研究。     

Influence of deep excavation on adjacent bridge piles considering underlying karst cavern: a case history and numerical investigation

This study investigates the disturbance of bridge piles caused by the adjacent deep excavation of a metro station in Guangzhou while considering the existence of underlying karst caverns. Ground treatment was adopted to reduce the effects of the deep excavation on the surrounding environment, including metro jet system (MJS) technology and karst treatment. Considering the presence of karst cavern and an inhomogeneous limestone layer, three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) was implemented to investigate the excavation-induced effects on the surrounding ground and structures. Coupled pore fluid diffusion and stress analysis were adopted for the excavation simulation, and comparative analyses between the field data and FEA results were used to verify the numerical model. A series of parametric studies were conducted by varying the parameters of the MJS piles and karst cavern filling. This study reveals that: (1) increasing the Young’s modulus of the MJS pile leads to a decrease in ground and wall settlement; (2) the optimal buried depth of MJS piles is the depth that reaches the rock stratum; (3) the optimal MJS pile–wall distance is 0.225H (H denotes excavation depth); (4) increasing the piles diameter leads to a linearly decrease in wall and piles settlement; and (5) varying the Young’s modulus and permeability coefficient of the karst cavern filling has little effect on the surrounding environment. MJS treatment can be used as an effective measure for protecting the surrounding environment from disturbance by deep excavations.

     

基于两步移动搜寻法的城市居家养老服务设施可达性研究——以大连市沙河口区低龄老年人为例

基于Arc GIS的两步移动搜寻法可以解决设施(供给)与人口(需求)的空间分布差异性及两者可跨越区界的潜在相互作用。通过对大连市沙河口区常住居家低龄老年人与养老服务设施空间可达性进行实证研究,利用两步移动搜寻法获取各服务设施到人口聚居点的可达性数值并利用Map Info绘制成图,得出89个社区供需间潜在的空间可达性呈现优秀、良好、一般和较差4种结果,为大连沙河口区针对低龄老年人居家养老服务设施的发展规划提供辅助决策支持,也展现了两步移动搜寻法在公共服务空间可达性评价方面的作用。