Calculated Phase Relations in the System Na2O-CaO-K2O-FeO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O with Applications to UHP Eclogites and Whiteschists

Pressure–temperature grids in the system Na₂O–CaO–K₂O–FeO–MgO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–H₂O and its subsystems have been calculatedin the range 15–45 kbar and 550–900°C, usingan internally consistent thermodynamic dataset and new thermodynamicmodels for amphibole, white mica, and clinopyroxene, with thesoftware THERMOCALC. Minerals considered for the grids includegarnet, omphacite, diopside, jadeite, hornblende, actinolite,glaucophane, zoisite, lawsonite, kyanite, coesite, quartz, talc,muscovite, paragonite, biotite, chlorite, and plagioclase. Compatibilitydiagrams are used to illustrate the phase relationships in thegrids. Coesite-bearing eclogites and a whiteschist from Chinaare used to demonstrate the ability of pseudosections to modelphase relationships in natural ultrahigh-pressure metamorphicrocks. Under water-saturated conditions, chlorite-bearing assemblagesin Mg- and Al-rich eclogites are stable at lower temperaturesthan in Fe-rich eclogites. The relative temperature stabilityof the three amphiboles is hornblende > actinolite > glaucophane(amphibole names used sensu lato). Talc-bearing assemblagesare stable only at low temperature and high pressure in Mg-and Al-rich eclogites. For most eclogite compositions, talccoexists with lawsonite, but not zoisite, in the stability fieldof coesite. Water content contouring of pressure–temperaturepseudosections, along with appropriate geotherms, provides newconstraints concerning dehydration of such rocks in subductingslabs. Chlorite and lawsonite are two important H₂O-carriersin subducting slabs. Depending on bulk composition and pressure–temperaturepath, amphibole may or may not be a major H₂O-carrier to depth.In most cases, dehydration to make ultrahigh-pressure eclogitestakes place gradually, with H₂O content controlled by divariantor higher variance assemblages. Therefore, fluid fluxes in subductionzones are likely to be continuous, with the rate of dehydrationchanging with changing pressure and temperature. Further, eclogitesof different bulk compositions dehydrate differently. Dehydrationof Fe-rich eclogite is nearly complete at relatively shallowdepth, whereas Mg- and Al-rich eclogites dehydrate continuouslydown to greater depth. KEY WORDS: dehydration; eclogites; phase relations; THERMOCALC; UHP metamorphism; whiteschists     

Ca-rich Garnet-Clinopyroxene Rocks at Hujialin in the Su-Lu Terrane (Eastern China): Deeply Subducted Arc Cumulates?

Layers of Ca-rich garnet–clinopyroxene rocks enclosedin a serpentinite body at Hujialin, in the Su–Lu terraneof eastern China, preserve igneous textures, relict spinel ingarnet, and exsolution lamellae of Ca-rich garnet, ilmenite/magnetite,Fe-rich spinel, and also amphibole in clinopyroxene. In termsof their major and trace element compositions, the studied samplesform a trend from arc cumulates towards Fe–Ti gabbros.Reconstructed augite compositions plot on the trend for clinopyroxenein arc cumulates. These data suggest that the rocks crystallizedfrom mantle-derived magmas differentiated to various extentsbeneath an arc. The Ca-rich garnet + diopside assemblage isinferred to have formed by compressing Ca-rich augite, whereasthe relatively Mg-rich cores of garnet porphyroblasts may haveformed at the expense of spinel. The protolith cumulates weresubducted from near the crust–mantle boundary (c. 1 GPa)deep into the upper mantle (4·8 ± 0·6 GPaand 750 ± 50°C). Negatively sloped P–T pathsfor the garnet–clinopyroxene rocks and the corollary ofcorner flow induced subduction of mantle wedge peridotite arenot supported by the available data. Cooling with, or without,decompression of the cumulates after the igneous stage probablyoccurred prior to deep subduction. KEY WORDS: arc cumulates; Ca-rich garnet; garnet–clinopyroxene rocks; Su–Lu terrane; UHP metamorphism     

Method discussion for quick response grey prediction of stronger aftershocks of an earthquake sequence

In this paper, we take occurrence process of early strong aftershocks of a main-after shock type′s earthquake sequence as a complex grey system, and introduce predicting method for its stronger aftershocks by grey predicting theory. Through inspection prediction for 1998 Zhangbei MS=6.2 earthquake sequence, it shows that the grey predicting method maybe has active significance for the investigation of quick response prediction problems of stronger aftershocks of an earthquake sequence.     

下扬子地区符离集—奉贤地震测深资料解释

符离集—奉贤地震测深剖面总长570km,采用密集的多重观测系统。本文进行了沉积层静校正,使解释结果更为合理、准确。根据所得的界面和地层变化,以及断层位置的确定,对该区的地壳特征可得到如下几点认识: 1.下扬子地台区的地壳明显可分为上、中、下三层结构,它的各层与华北地台均有差别。 2.下扬子地区中地壳内存在一层强反射面,推测为高密度层或高速薄层所致。 3.郯庐断裂带处的莫氏面无明显落差,而是处在莫氏面隆起的斜坡部位,其间可能有一些张性破裂。 4.苏南的上古生代紧密褶皱、火山与岩浆活动以及二个地震活动带的存在,均与莫氏面的起伏有关。     

下扬子地区符离集-奉贤地震测深资料解释

符离集-奉贤地震测深剖面总长570km,采用密集的多重观测系统。本文进行了沉积层静校正,使解释结果更为合理、准确。根据所得的界面和地层变化,以及断层位置的确定,对该区的地壳特征可得到如下几点认识: 1.下扬子地台区的地壳明显可分为上、中、下三层结构,它的各层与华北地台均有差别。 2.下扬子地区中地壳内存在一层强反射面,推测为高密度层或高速薄层所致。 3.郯庐断裂带处的莫氏面无明显落差,而是处在莫氏面隆起的斜坡部位,其间可能有一些张性破裂。 4.苏南的上古生代紧密褶皱、火山与岩浆活动以及二个地震活动带的存在,均与莫氏面的起伏有关。     

低频数字电磁测深仪器系统及其在攀-西地区的应用

本文介绍了在CTM-302型三分量磁通门磁力仪的基础上,研制的低频数字化大地电磁测深仪器系统;并根据该系统的功能和在攀-西地区的应用情况,对其发展前景进行了探索。     

低频数字电磁测深仪器系统及其在攀-西地区的应用

本文介绍了在CTM-302型三分量磁通门磁力仪的基础上,研制的低频数字化大地电磁测深仪器系统;并根据该系统的功能和在攀-西地区的应用情况,对其发展前景进行了探索。     

福建东部地区大地电磁测深研究

1986年至1987年我们在福建东部做了深部大地电磁测深,取得以下主要结果: 1.福州、漳州两地区存在上地幔软流层的隆起（底辟）,岩石层变薄,并有次级底辟发育于20—30km深度,说明地幔热活动强烈,两地热田有深部热背景. 2.惠安至龙海一线大致呈北60°东为一低阻断面,该断面的地下电性结构和洋壳地电结构相似,推测该断面是向上仰冲的古洋壳与陆缘的缝合线. 3.永春、同安地区壳内高导层埋深明显比其它地区浅,是有希望的地热远景区,需进一步做工作.     

攀西地区地壳和上地幔中的电性结构

攀西地区大地电磁测深结果表明,这一地区可划分为三个条带:丽江至华坪、华坪至会理和会理至巧家。三个条带内电性结构有明显差异,反映出本地区地质构造十分复杂。测区内沉积层厚度为3—5km,其电阻率小于30Ωm。在地壳中约33km深处有一低阻层,厚度为5—12km。在红格和华坪两测点之下,深度为82—90km处出现第二个低阻层,它们指示出软流层顶部埋深。     

低频数字电磁测深仪器系统及其在攀-西地区的应用

本文介绍了在CTM-302型三分量磁通门磁力仪的基础上,研制的低频数字化大地电磁测深仪器系统;并根据该系统的功能和在攀-西地区的应用情况,对其发展前景进行了探索。