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排序方式: 共有130条查询结果,搜索用时 453 毫秒
1.
Effects of water-borne copper on metallothionein and lipid peroxidation in the marine amphipod Gammarus locusta 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aim of the current work was to determine over 10 days the effects of water-borne exposure of the marine amphipod Gammarus locusta to 4 microgCu l(-1) on the metallothionein (MT; measured by differential pulse polarography) protection system and lipid peroxidation (LP: thiobarbituric acid-reactive malondialdehyde equivalents) as a measure of oxidative damage. MT levels in exposed animals increased significantly at day 2 (36% > control; P < 0.001) and remained high at days 6 and 10 (55 and 38%, respectively, P < 0.001). The maximum level of MT at day 6 coincided with the highest Cu body-burden. LP increased within I day of exposure, indicative of Cu as an oxidative stressor. However, in contrast to MT, the highest LP level was seen at day 4 (68% > control, P < 0.001) before returning to control values by day 6, indicating a protective role of MT against the pro-oxidant effects of Cu. 相似文献
2.
Previous studies have shown that metal partitioned to a subcellular compartment containing trophically available metal (TAM) is readily available to predators and may be enhanced by increased binding of metal to heat-stable proteins (HSP - e.g., metallothioneins). The aim of the current investigation was to determine the influence of TAM on the trophic transfer of Cd along an experimental, three-level food chain: Artemia franciscana (brine shrimp)-->Palaemonetes pugio (grass shrimp)-->Fundulus heteroclitus (mummichog). P. pugio were fed for 7 days on A. franciscana exposed to Cd in solution (including (109)Cd as radiotracer) and subjected to subcellular fractionation or fed to F. heteroclitus. An HSP-driven increase in the percentage of Cd associated with TAM (TAM-Cd%) in A. franciscana exposed to 1 muM Cd resulted in a bioenhancement (i.e., a greater than linear increase with respect to A. franciscana exposure) of Cd trophic transfer to P. pugio. Increased dietary Cd exposure did not affect TAM-Cd% in P. pugio nor trophic transfer to F. heteroclitus. 相似文献
3.
Cox R Lowe DR 《Journal of sedimentary research. Section A, Sedimentary petrology and processes : an international journal of SEPM (Society for Sedimentary Geology)》1996,66(3):548-558
Most studies of sandstone provenance involve modal analysis of framework grains using techniques that exclude the fine-grained breakdown products of labile mineral grains and rock fragments, usually termed secondary matrix or pseudomatrix. However, the data presented here demonstrate that, when the proportion of pseudomatrix in a sandstone exceeds 10%, standard petrographic analysis can lead to incorrect provenance interpretation. Petrographic schemes for provenance analysis such as QFL and QFR should not therefore be applied to sandstones containing more than 10% secondary matrix. Pseudomatrix is commonly abundant in sandstones, and this is therefore a problem for provenance analysis. The difficulty can be alleviated by the use of whole-rock chemistry in addition to petrographic analysis. Combination of chemical and point-count data permits the construction of normative compositions that approximate original framework grain compositions. Provenance analysis is also complicated in many cases by fundamental compositional alteration during weathering and transport. Many sandstones, particularly shallow marine deposits, have undergone vigorous reworking, which may destroy unstable mineral grains and rock fragments. In such cases it may not be possible to retrieve provenance information by either petrographic or chemical means. Because of this, pseudomatrix-rich sandstones should be routinely included in chemical-petrological provenance analysis. Because of the many factors, both pre- and post-depositional, that operate to increase the compositional maturity of sandstones, petrologic studies must include a complete inventory of matrix proportions, grain size and sorting parameters, and an assessment of depositional setting. 相似文献
4.
太古代的富镁科马提岩来自于热的推测为深部地幔的源区,但其痕量元素组成和放射性同位素组成类似于现代洋中脊玄武岩,后者起源于上地幔。对从两个太古代科马提岩和一个中元古代科马提岩中分离出来的新鲜橄榄石进行连续碎样,抽取He以分析其同位素组成,发现其变化在富“He的放射性成因端元和富^3He端元之间可达3个以上数量级。 相似文献
5.
研究表明,本区自然金主要以显微金形式存在,明金甚少。金主要分布于各种硫化物中,其中则以黄铁矿为主,此外,还可产于石英和褐铁矿等矿物中。自然金与载体矿物之间的散布关系有3种,即包体金、晶隙金和裂隙金,且以后者为主,约占82.5%,这说明在成矿过程中,金的沉淀和就位具有明显的滞后性。电子探针分析表明,本区自然金平均含金84.44%,含银15.61%,成色为844。 相似文献
6.
黄铁矿的中远红外谱及其对含金性的评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
针对黄铁矿的具体情况,笔者采用中─远红外幅射以及透射吸收谱与反射吸收谱相比较的方法,对其红外光谱特征和含金性评价进行了系统全面的研究,确定了黄铁矿含金性的红外光谱评价准则是:v1、v2、v3吸收带的频率分别低于415cm-1、347cm-1、287cm-1,Tov1-Tv1值低于30,Tov2—Tv2值低于5时为富金;相反的情况为贫金或无金。在样品物质浓度(C)相同的条件下,黄铁矿特征吸收带的光密度(D)值随其含金性提高而变小。 相似文献
7.
本文主要介绍一种与射线追踪无关的走时成像方法,使用一种非线性最优化算法,称为非常快速的仿真退火。利用立方B样条对地下地质体进行参数化,此网格在水平和垂直坐标是可变化的,这个灵活的网格可以容 等复杂程度的构造,并只用几个节点,我们试图求观测与预测走时之间的均言差进行极小化。时使用有限差分算法,不仅在样条节点位置上求速度,而且还求在每个维方向上的网格间距,由于在计算期间避免了局部极小,求出的解与初始模 相似文献
9.
硫化物作为一类重要的常见矿物,目前国内外对其表面矿物学特征研究有限。具体到硫化物固-液界面处的行为机理,前人的研究程度就更低了。笔者自行设计了一个Fe1-xS-Cr^6 原电池,通过实测电动势(E),t-E关系曲线,溶液可见光吸收谱及其λ-A关系曲线,阐明硫化物与Cr^6+溶液间的界面行为机理。认为其界面行为过程为;硫化物溶解→离子反应(氧化还原)→吸附Cr^3 。该原电池与一般原电池结构不同,其主要差别在于将反应电极和测量电极分开,从而解决电极反应过程中的浓度极化问题,提高了电化学实验的精度。该研究成果有助于揭示矿物-液体相互作用机理,完善和丰富表面矿物学研究内容,深化化界面成矿理论,并对环境治理,矿物材料应用等开发领域具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
10.
硫化物矿物溶解度与溶液pH值的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
硫化物作为自然界常见的一大类矿物 ,由于溶解度很小 ,硫化物对水pH值的影响以及水对它的溶解度影响往往被人们所忽视。通过计算常见硫化物矿物的自由能ΔG0f、溶度积Ksp和溶解度S、绘制logS—pH曲线 ,得出硫化物矿物在不同 pH值条件下的溶解规律 ,水溶液的pH值受硫化物矿物的控制 ;反过来 ,水溶液的pH值也影响着矿物溶解度的大小。此外 ,对硫化物矿物饱和溶液的缓冲范围、缓冲容量和硫化物与溶液pH值相互作用的机理进行了探讨 相似文献