1.
Shear wave velocity is one of the important factors representing the dynamic characteristics of soil layers. Hence, many researchers
have focused their studies on determining shear wave velocity by direct field measurements or expressions developed by other
soil parameters. The shear module and damping ratio of the soil layers also play a similar role in the majority of dynamic
soil response analyses. Nevertheless, since they have to be measured in the laboratory by resonant column or cyclic triaxial
tests on undisturbed samples, the possibility of preparing such samples and the reliability of the obtained results are of
great concerns. In the present study, great effort has been made to determine the above dynamic factors by means of field
data obtained from a versatile instrument, namely the seismic piezocone (SPCT
U), and to derive expressions correlating them with some parameters obtainable by much simpler instruments. The reliability
of laboratory measurements on undisturbed samples is also evaluated. The seismic piezocone test apparatus has been employed
to evaluate the soil properties at 1-m depth intervals by means of measuring tip resistance, sleeve resistance, pore pressure
and shear wave velocity. The shear module and the damping ratio are calculated using field data. Meanwhile, in order to assess
the laboratory measurements of these parameters, some resonant column tests and cyclic triaxial tests on undisturbed samples
of the same soil layers have been carried out. In order to compare the field results of shear modulus and damping ratios with
those obtained from laboratory tests, the influences of the soil nature and sample disturbance on the conventional laboratory
methods are evaluated and discussed. The shear wave velocity is correlated to overburden pressure and the corrected tip resistance
for two groups of fine soils, namely silty clays and carbonate clayey silts, which mainly cover the areas under study in this
project, are located in southern parts of Iran near the Persian Gulf. According to the results of the present study, there
are narrow limits of shear modulus regarding soils for which the laboratory tests and the field measurements yield approximately
the same shear modulus. This limit of shear modulus is about 30–50(MPa) for clay deposits and 70–100 (MPa) for sandy deposits.
Also the shear wave velocity can be calculated by a simple expression from total overburden pressure and the tip resistance
of simple cone penetration test results conventionally available in many soil explorations prior to engineering practices.
However, if the pore pressure inside the saturated soil deposits can be measured by a piezocone apparatus, the shear wave
velocity may be calculated using another suggested equation in terms of effective overburden pressure in the present study.
Regarding the shear module and the damping ratio, due to the disturbances of the stiff deposits in the sampling process and
great deviations of laboratory results from field results, the laboratory measurements of these parameters out of the above
limits are not recommended.
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