关于我国海洋可再生能源产业化发展的思考

为推动我国海洋可再生能源产业发展,文章论述国内和国际海洋可再生能源开发利用在资源量、政策和技术等方面的发展现状,分析我国现阶段发展海洋可再生能源存在的主要问题,并提出未来我国海洋可再生能源产业化在顶层规划、关键核心技术、公共服务平台和标准体系建设、技术示范应用、成果转化以及国际合作等方面的发展建议,从而促进我国生态文明和海洋强国建设。     

柴北缘牦牛山地区牦牛山组沉积相组合特征

柴达木盆地北缘牦牛山地区出露的牦牛山组是一套由冲积扇和扇三角洲相共同构成的陆相沉积组合,冲积扇相砾岩-粗砂岩组合主要分布于研究区SE侧,扇三角洲相砂岩-泥岩组合主要分布于研究区NW侧。古水流分析表明牦牛山组沉积物主要来自其SE侧古隆起,但后期扇三角洲相包含少量来自NW和NE向的沉积物。该套沉积组合序列特征与区域上分布在牦牛山西侧同时期形成的湖泊相、滨浅海相沉积共同表明,柴达木盆地北缘在晚志留-早泥盆世时期存在一NW向倾斜的古斜坡,且晚期北侧发生抬升。砾岩和砂岩碎屑组成与区域岩石组合类型对比表明,牦牛山组沉积碎屑物主要来自于滩间山群。沉积组合序列特征、碎屑组成和区域构造背景综合研究表明,牦牛山组可能为柴达木板块向北俯冲过程中形成的局部断陷盆地的充填物。     

An Overview on the Composition and Age of Upper Crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan Intra-oceanic Arc, NE Tibet Plateau

Identification and anatomy of oceanic arcs within ancient orogenic belt are significant for better understanding the tectonic framework and closure process of paleo-ocean basin. This article summarizes the geological, geochemical, and geochronological characteristics of upper crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan intra-oceanic arc and provides new data to constrain the subduction evolution of the South Qilian Ocean. The intra-oceanic arc volcanic rocks, including intermediate–mafic lava, breccia, tuff, and minor felsic rocks, are distributed along southern part of the Lajishan ophiolite belt. Geochemical and isotopic compositions indicate that the intermediate–mafic lava were originated from depleted mantle contaminated by sediment melts or hydrous fluids, whereas the felsic rocks were likely generated by partial melting of juvenile mafic crust in intra-oceanic arc setting. Zircons from felsic rocks yield consistent and concordant ages ranging from 506 to 523 Ma, suggesting these volcanic rocks represent the relicts of upper crust of the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc. Combined with the Cambrian forearc ophiolite and accretionary complex, we suggest that the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc in the Lajishan ophiolite belt is belonging to the intra-oceanic arc system which was generated by south-directed subduction in the South Qilian Ocean at a relatively short interval between approximately 530 and 480 Ma.     

Geochemistry, Geochronology and Lu-Hf Isotopes of Peraluminous Granitic Porphyry from the Walegen Au Deposit, West Qinling Terrane

Walegen Au deposit is closely correlated with granitic intrusions of Triassic age, which are composed of granite and quartz porphyries. Both granite porphyry and quartz porphyry consist of quartz, feldspar and muscovite as primary minerals. Weakly peraluminous granite porphyry(A/CNK=1.10–1.15) is enriched in LREE, depleted in HREE with Nb-Ta-Ti anomalies, and displays subduction-related geochemistry. Quartz porphyry is strongly peraluminous(A/CNK=1.64–2.81) with highly evolved components, characterized by lower TiO_2, REE contents, Mg~#, K/Rb, Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf ratios and higher Rb/Sr ratios than the granite porphyry. REE patterns of quartz porphyry exhibit lanthanide tetrad effect, resulting from mineral fractionation or participation of fluids with enriched F and Cl. LAICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates quartz porphyry formed at 233±3 Ma. The ages of relict zircons from Triassic magmatic rocks match well with the detrital zircons from regional area. In addition, ε_(Hf)(t) values of Triassic magmatic zircons from the granite and quartz porphyries are -14.2 to -9.1(with an exception of +4.1) and -10.8 to -8.6 respectively, indicating a crustal-dominant source. Regionally, numerous Middle Triassic granitoids were previously reported to be formed under the consumption of Paleotethyan Ocean. These facts indicate that the granitic porphyries from Walegen Au deposit may have been formed in the processes of the closing of Paleotethyan Ocean, which could correlate with the arc-related magmatism in the Kunlun orogen to the west and the Qinling orogen to the east.     

东昆仑布尔汗布达早古生代岩浆弧的形成与演化初探

东昆仑布尔汗布达弧位于东昆中断裂南侧,不同于北昆仑晚古生代-中生代岩浆弧,是东昆仑早古生代岩浆岩广泛分布的地区,对研究原特提斯洋俯冲-增生过程具有重要意义.报道了布尔汗布达地区早古生代岩浆岩岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年、Lu-Hf和Sr-Nd同位素资料,结合以往研究成果,推断布尔汗布达弧与增生造山作用相关的岩浆活...     

Silurian Sedimentation in the South Qilian Belt: Arc-Continent Collision-related Deposition in the NE Tibet Plateau?

The South Qilian belt mainly comprises an early Paleozoic arc-ophiolite complex, accretionary prism, microcontinental block, and foreland basin. These elements represent accretion-collision during Cambrian to Silurian time in response to closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean in the NE of the present-day Tibet Plateau. Closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean between the Central Qilian block and the Oulongbuluke block and the associated collision took place from NE to SW in a zipper-like style. Sediment would have been dispersed longitudinally SW-ward with a progressive facies migration from marginal alluvial sediments toward slope deep-water and deep-sea turbidites. This migration path indicates an ocean basin that shrank toward the SW. The Balonggongga'er Formation in the western South Qilian belt represents the fill of a latest Ordovician-Silurian remnant ocean basin that separated the Oulongbuluke block from the Central Qilian block, and records Silurian closure of the Proto-Tethyan Ocean and subduction beneath the Central Qilian block. However, alluvial deposits in the Lajishan area were accumulated in a retro-foreland basin, indicating that continent-continent collision in the eastern South Qilian belt occurred at c. 450–440 Ma. These results demonstrate that the Proto-Tethyan Ocean closed diachronously during early Paleozoic time.     

大连至北冰洋季克西港陆河联运路线的可行性研究

依托“冰上丝绸之路”大背景,综合分析陆河联运路线的最新研究成果,提出纵向联通中国东北和俄罗斯西伯利亚地区两条经济带的路线,即大连到北冰洋季克西港陆河联运路线（简称陆河联运路线）。陆河联运沿线的主要城市包括：大连—哈尔滨—黑河—布拉戈维申斯克（海兰泡）—涅留恩格里—雅库茨克—季克西港。陆河联运路线的陆运段主要是中国大连市到俄罗斯雅库茨克市的铁路,河运段是俄罗斯雅库茨克市到季克西港的勒拿河下游水运航道。陆河联运路线的陆运段各城市节点拥有相对成熟的交通体系、设备完善的交通站点和较好的经济发展前景;河运段每年至少可以通航3个月（7-9月）,且在勒拿河中下游河段可通航3000 t以上的船舶。中俄东北亚陆河联运路线在7-9月具备运输距离和时间短等特点。     

屋檐冰柱初期生长规律实验分析

屋檐冰柱是中高纬度地区常见的冰现象, 其破碎断裂可能对人们的生产和生活带来不利影响。同样在桥梁工程、 隧道工程和输电工程中也经常受到冰柱的影响, 造成危险和工程设施的损害, 但由于缺乏对冰柱生长发育规律的探索, 导致冰柱冰害防治及处理方式仅以机械破坏和加热为主, 成本较高。利用室外实验获取屋檐冰柱的初步生长发育规律, 以此指导在低温室内利用金属载体精准滴定模拟屋檐冰柱初期生长规律实验。实验中通过观测水滴流速及冰柱形成速率（长度、 直径和冰重）, 得出了冰柱性状和时间、 供给水量的相互关系。结果表明： 屋檐冰柱形成和水流分布受冰柱发育程度的影响, 冰柱表面水流流速与冰柱发育过程之间存在互馈关系, 冰柱形态阻力与径流集中产生的流速增量又影响着冰柱发育速度。试验过程及试验数据不仅仅对屋檐冰柱具有解释分析的作用, 对其他工程实际也具有指导意义, 可为屋檐冰柱的防治方法研究提供依据和借鉴。     

造山带中古海山残片的识别 ——以拉脊山缝合带青沙山和东沟地质填图为例

造山带内海山/洋岛残片的识别是确定古缝合带和古洋盆存在的直接地质证据.祁连造山带被普遍认为是原特提斯洋盆俯冲和闭合的产物,然而南祁连地区是否存在古洋盆长期存在争议.通过对拉脊山关键地段早古生代岩石开展大比例尺地质填图和室内综合研究,在青沙山和东沟地区识别出连续的由洋岛型枕状玄武岩、火山碎屑岩、泥岩、凝灰岩和灰岩组成的火...