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排序方式: 共有58条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
B. W. Lites D. L. Akin G. Card T. Cruz D. W. Duncan C. G. Edwards D. F. Elmore C. Hoffmann Y. Katsukawa N. Katz M. Kubo K. Ichimoto T. Shimizu R. A. Shine K. V. Streander A. Suematsu T. D. Tarbell A. M. Title S. Tsuneta 《Solar physics》2013,283(2):579-599
The joint Japan/US/UK Hinode mission includes the first large-aperture visible-light solar telescope flown in space. One component of the Focal Plane Package of that telescope is a precision spectro-polarimeter designed to measure full Stokes spectra with the intent of using those spectra to infer the magnetic-field vector at high precision in the solar photosphere. This article describes the characteristics of the flight hardware of the Hinode Spectro-Polarimeter, and summarizes its in-flight performance. 相似文献
2.
Yoshio Kubo 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2011,110(2):143-168
Under perturbations from outer bodies, the Earth experiences changes of its angular momentum axis, figure axis and rotational
axis. In the theory of the rigid Earth, in addition to the precession and nutation of the angular momentum axis given by the
Poisson terms, both the figure axis and the rotational axis suffer forced deviation from the angular momentum axis. This deviation
is expressed by the so-called Oppolzer terms describing separation of the averaged figure axis, called CIP (Celestial Intermediate
Pole) or CEP (Celestial Ephemeris Pole), and the mathematically defined rotational axis, from the angular momentum axis. The
CIP is the rotational axis in a frame subject to both precession and nutation, while the mathematical rotational axis is that
in the inertial (non-rotating) frame. We investigate, kinematically, the origin of the separation between these two axes—both
for the rigid Earth and an elastic Earth. In the case of an elastic Earth perturbed by the same outer bodies, there appear
further deviations of the figure and rotational axes from the angular momentum axis. These deviations, though similar to the
Oppolzer terms in the rigid Earth, are produced by quite a different physical mechanism. Analysing this mechanism, we derive
an expression for the Oppolzer-like terms in an elastic Earth. From this expression we demonstrate that, under a certain approximation
(in neglect of the motion of the perturbing outer bodies), the sum of the direct and convective perturbations of the spin
axis coincides with the direct perturbation of the figure axis. This equality, which is approximate, gets violated when the
motion of the outer bodies is taken into account. 相似文献
3.
J. M. Borrero S. Tomczyk M. Kubo H. Socas-Navarro J. Schou S. Couvidat R. Bogart 《Solar physics》2011,273(1):267-293
In this paper we describe in detail the implementation and main properties of a new inversion code for the polarized radiative
transfer equation (VFISV: Very Fast Inversion of the Stokes Vector). VFISV will routinely analyze pipeline data from the Helioseismic
and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on-board of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). It will provide full-disk maps (4096×4096 pixels)
of the magnetic field vector on the Solar Photosphere every ten minutes. For this reason VFISV is optimized to achieve an
inversion speed that will allow it to invert sixteen million pixels every ten minutes with a modest number (approx. 50) of
CPUs. Here we focus on describing a number of important details, simplifications and tweaks that have allowed us to significantly
speed up the inversion process. We also give details on tests performed with data from the spectropolarimeter on-board of
the Hinode spacecraft. 相似文献
4.
Marilyn B. Vogel David J. Des Marais Mary N. Parenteau Linda L. Jahnke Kendra A. Turk Michael D.Y. Kubo 《Sedimentary Geology》2010,223(3-4):265-280
Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) deposits from a range of sedimentary environments at Guerrero Negro, Baja California Sur, Mexico were investigated for microscale texture and composition in order to differentiate features formed under substantial microbial influence from those for which microbial effects were relatively minor or absent. Gypsum deposits were classified according to their sedimentary environment, textures, crystal habit, brine composition and other geochemical factors. The environments studied included subaqueous sediments in anchialine pools and in solar salterns, as well as subsurface sediments of mudflats and saltpans. Gypsum that developed in the apparent absence of biofilms included crystals precipitated in the water column and subsedimentary discs that precipitated from phreatic brines. Subsedimentary gypsum developed in sabkha environments exhibited a sinuous microtexture and poikilitically enclosed detrital particles. Water column precipitates had euhedral prismatic habits and extensive penetrative twinning. Gypsum deposits influenced by biofilms included bottom nucleated crusts and gypsolites developing in anchialine pools and saltern ponds. Gypsum precipitating within benthic biofilms, and in biofilms within subaerial sediment surfaces provided compelling evidence of biological influences on crystal textures and habits. This evidence included irregular, high relief surface textures, accessory minerals (S°, Ca-carbonate, Sr/Ca-sulfate and Mg-hydroxide) and distinctive crystal habits such as equant forms and crystals having distorted prism faces. 相似文献
5.
6.
Atsuki Shinbori Tomoaki Hori Yoshimasa Tanaka Yukinobu Koyama Takashi Kikuchi Tsutomu Nagatsuma 《极地研究(英文版)》2013,(4):296-314
To investigate temporal and spatial evolution of global geomagnetic field variations from high-latitude to the equator during geomagnetic storms, we analyzed ground geomagnetic field disturbances from high latitudes to the magnetic equator. The daytime ionospheric equivalent current during the storm main phase showed that twin-vortex ionospheric currents driven by the Region 1 field-aligned currents (R1 FACs) are intensified significantly and expand to the low-latitude region of-30~ magnetic latitude. Centers of the currents were located around 70~ and 65~ in the morning and afternoon, respectively. Corresponding to intensification of the R1 FACs, an enhancement of the eastward/westward equatorial electrojet occurred at the daytime/nighttime dip equator. This signature suggests that the enhanced convection electric field penetrates to both the daytime and nighttime equa- tor. During the recovery phase, the daytime equivalent current showed that two new pairs of twin vortices, which are different from two-cell ionospheric currents driven by the R1 FACs, appear in the polar cap and mid latitude. The former led to enhanced north- ward Bz (NBZ) FACs driven by lobe reconnection tailward of the cusps, owing to the northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). The latter was generated by enhanced Region 2 field-aligned currents (R2 FACs). Associated with these magnetic field variations in the mid-latitudes and polar cap, the equatorial magnetic field variation showed a strongly negative signature, produced by the westward equatorial electrojet current caused by the dusk-to-dawn electric field. 相似文献
7.
C. E. Runge A. Kubo B. Kiefer Y. Meng V. B. Prakapenka G. Shen R. J. Cava T. S. Duffy 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2006,33(10):699-709
The equation of state of MgGeO3 perovskite was determined between 25 and 66 GPa using synchrotron X-ray diffraction with the laser-heated diamond anvil cell. The data were fit to a third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state and yielded a zero-pressure volume (V 0) of 182.2 ± 0.3 Å3 and bulk modulus (K 0) of 229 ± 3 GPa, with the pressure derivative (K′0 = (?K 0/?P) T ) fixed at 3.7. Differential stresses were evaluated using lattice strain theory and found to be typically less than about 1.5 GPa. Theoretical calculations were also carried out using density functional theory from 0 to 205 GPa. The equation of state parameters from theory (V 0 = 180.2 Å3, K 0 = 221.3 GPa, and K′0 = 3.90) are in agreement with experiment, although theoretically calculated volumes are systematically lower than experiment. The properties of the perovskite phase were compared to MgGeO3 post-perovskite phase near the observed phase transition pressure (~65 GPa). Across the transition, the density increased by 2.0(0.7)%. This is in excellent agreement with the theoretically determined density change of 1.9%; however both values are larger than those for the (Mg,Fe)SiO3 phase transition. The bulk sound velocity change across the transition is small and is likely to be negative [?0.5(1.6)% from experiment and ?1.2% from theory]. These results are similar to previous findings for the (Mg,Fe)SiO3 system. A linearized Birch–Murnaghan equation of state fit to each axis yielded zero-pressure compressibilities of 0.0022, 0.0009, and 0.0016 GPa?1 for the a, b, and c axis, respectively. Magnesium germanate appears to be a good analog system for studying the properties of the perovskite and post-perovskite phases in silicates. 相似文献
8.
Yoshio Kubo 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1979,19(3):215-241
Effects of an interaction between the mantle and the core of the Earth on its rotational motion are investigated. Assuming that the Earth consists of a rigid mantle and a rigid core with a frictional coupling and a kind of inertial coupling between them, the equations of motion are derived, and they are solved in a close approximation. The solution gives the expressions for the precession, the nutation, the secular changes in the obliquity and the rotational speed, the polar motion and so on as functions of the magnitudes of these forces. A numerical estimation shows that the effect of the friction on the amplitude and phase of the nutation is small for a reasonable intensity of the friction while inertial coupling force has a decisive influence on the amplitude, and an appropriately chosen value of the latter force gives a nutation which closely agrees with observations. It is also indicated that this torque remarkably lessens the rates of the secular changes in the obliquity and the rotational speed. The possibility of a periodical change in the amplitude of the polar motion is suggested as a result of the interaction between the two consituents. 相似文献
9.
Yoshio Kubo 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1990,50(2):165-187
Hamiltonian mechanics is applied to the problem of the rotation of the elastic Earth. We first show the process for the formulation of the Hamiltonian for rotation of a deformable body and the derivation of the equations of motion from it. Then, based on a simple model of deformation, the solution is given for the period of Euler motion, UT1 and the nutation of the elastic Earth. In particular it is shown that the elasticity of the Earth acts on the nutation so as to decrease the Oppolzer terms of the nutation of the rigid Earth by about 30 per cent. The solution is in good agreement with results which have been obtained by other, different approaches. 相似文献
10.
Maintaining real-time precise point positioning during outages of orbit and clock corrections 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The precise point positioning (PPP) is a popular positioning technique that is dependent on the use of precise orbits and clock corrections. One serious problem for real-time PPP applications such as natural hazard early warning systems and hydrographic surveying is when a sudden communication break takes place resulting in a discontinuity in receiving these orbit and clock corrections for a period that may extend from a few minutes to hours. A method is presented to maintain real-time PPP with 3D accuracy less than a decimeter when such a break takes place. We focus on the open-access International GNSS Service (IGS) real-time service (RTS) products and propose predicting the precise orbit and clock corrections as time series. For a short corrections outage of a few minutes, we predict the IGS-RTS orbits using a high-order polynomial, and for longer outages up to 3 h, the most recent IGS ultra-rapid orbits are used. The IGS-RTS clock corrections are predicted using a second-order polynomial and sinusoidal terms. The model parameters are estimated sequentially using a sliding time window such that they are available when needed. The prediction model of the clock correction is built based on the analysis of their properties, including their temporal behavior and stability. Evaluation of the proposed method in static and kinematic testing shows that positioning precision of less than 10 cm can be maintained for up to 2 h after the break. When PPP re-initialization is needed during the break, the solution convergence time increases; however, positioning precision remains less than a decimeter after convergence. 相似文献