山区遥感图像自动分类研究——以西南地区为例(英文)

In mountainous areas, it is the undulant terrain, various types of geomorphic and land use that make the remote sensing images great metamorphism. Moreover, due to the elevation, there are many areas covered with shadow, clouds and snow that make the images more inaccurate. As a result, it would be very difficult to carry out auto-classification of RS images in these areas. The study took Southwest China as the case study area and the TM images, SPOT images as the basic information sources assisted by the a...     

回流作用对江淮地区两次浮尘天气过程影响的差异研究

本文以2021年3月16、28日两次沙尘天气为例,利用地面常规气象观测资料、气象再分析资料,结合气溶胶激光雷达、风廓线雷达、HYSPLIT模型等分析了影响江淮地区的两次沙尘天气发生时天气系统、颗粒物浓度、气溶胶光学特性和边界层气象条件变化等特征,特别探讨了回流作用的影响。结果表明:两次均为浮尘天气,与暖区新生类蒙古气旋的活动有关。对江淮地区的影响分为冷锋后部污染物影响和高压后部污染物回流影响。前者容易引发单峰型2~4 h污染物爆发性增长,后者对应多峰型7~9 h污染物持续增长,最终产生1 000 μg·m^-3以上的严重污染。污染物均来源于蒙古和贝加尔湖,经过华北后传输高度降低至1 km以下,回流阶段的传输高度较低,仅为0.3 km左右。传输层风速加强至8~14 m·s^-1有利于污染物在地面的长时间影响。     

Estimate of the stress field in Kilauea's South Flank, Hawaii

We estimated stress and seismic strain tensors for the Kilauea volcano's south flank. the stress orientation inversion and the seismic strain calculation were performed using fault-plane solutions. the principal stress and seismic strain directions are approximately uniformly distributed in space and time during the interval covered by the data. However, the σ1, σ3 plane is approximately orthogonal to the 1, 3 plane. Therefore, a weak layer may exist beneath the south flank. σ1 has a plunge of 59° and an azimuth of 152°, with a 10° 95 per cent confidence range. We also developed a stress magnitude inversion to estimate magnitudes of boundary and interior stresses. In this inversion, the principal stress directions were taken as constraints in the seismic volume, and surface geodetic observations were used as data. the maximum magmatic pressure in Kilauea's rift zone is about 160 MPa. the direction of σ1 can be interpreted as the superposition of hydrostatic stress ( pgh ) and magmatic pressure. Without the constraint imposed by the direction of σ1, the estimated pressure is only 60MPa, the distribution of magmatic pressure may be similar to that of pgh . In contrast, the upper rift zone may be in tension. the shear stress in the rift zone is about one order of magnitude smaller than the maximum compressive stress, supporting the interpretation of magmatic flow as fluid in dikes or channels. the combination of stress orientation inversion, seismic strain calculation, and stress magnitude inversion performed in this study provides a means by which to estimate the stress state in seismic areas.     

中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)精子ATP酶活力与生殖关系的探讨

首次报道了中国对虾精子存在有Ｎａ，Ｋ－ＡＴＰ酶及Ｍｇ－ＡＴＰ酶活力，并对 其生物功能进行了探讨。对来自不同季节的雌虾纳精囊中精子的两种ＡＴＰ酶活力 进行了测定。酶分析的结果为春虾精子的 Ｎａ，Ｋ－ＡＴＰ酶活力为 １．１４５±０．２２９μｍｏｌ Ｐｉ／ｍｇ· ｈ，秋虾则为 １． ０５８±０． ４３１μｍｏｌ Ｐｉ／ｍｇ· ｈ；春虾精子的 Ｍｇ－ＡＴＰ酶活力为 １． ６４７±０． ６９１μｍｏｌ Ｐｉ／ｍｍ· ｈ，秋虾则为 １． ５８４±０． ３１５μｍｏｌ Ｐｉ／ｍｇ· ｈ。因此在表观 上，春虾精子的两种ＡＴＰ酶活力均略高于秋虾，但差异不够显著。     

丘陵山区多目标区域地球化学调查不同成因表层土壤代表性研究——以浙江绍兴地区为例

当前, 多目标区域地球化学调查工作已逐步进入丘陵山区, 与平原区不同, 丘陵山区地质背景更复杂, 土壤成因类型和土地利用方式多变, 土壤类型多样。如何布设土壤样点以客观真实地反映区域土壤地球化学分布特征是值得关注的问题。选择浙江绍兴市区以南40 km2的丘陵山区, 按照多目标区域地球化学调查规范样品布设原则及采样要求, 以4点/km2密度采集表层土壤样品, 测定了38项元素指标含量。通过对比不同采样密度及不同成因土壤元素含量及其空间分布特征, 开展丘陵山区表层土壤采样代表性研究。结果表明, 多目标区域地球化学调查规范中的小格采样、大格组合分析方案能够很好地反映土壤元素区域地球化学分布模式; 对于大多数元素指标而言, 在丘陵山区以1点/km2密度采集能够代表采样单元格物质组成的冲积成因土壤, 可更好地满足样品代表性要求。在评价As、Mn、Mo、Al2O3、MgO、K2O等元素指标异常时, 可倾向性地采集残坡积成因土壤。研究成果为丘陵山区多目标区域地球化学调查土壤样品采集方法的完善提供了理论依据。     

The application of a rheologic model of rock to the seismogenic process of a great earthquake and research on seismic anomalies

In this paper we discuss the seismogenic process of a great earthquake by using a rheologic model of rock. We regard the constant strain rate as the condition of seismogeny for a great earthquake. On the basis of analytic results, the curves of variation of stress, strain, strain rate and energy with time are calculated. Upon such curves, the stage features of the seismogenic process of a great earthquake is analyzed. And the possible mechanisms of the various seismic precursory phenomena is emphatically discussed, and the relation between the preseismic anomalous phenomena and the seismogenic process is given.     

淮北地区一次弱天气尺度强迫背景下MCS过程分析与模拟

利用多源观测资料和WRF中尺度数值模式对2016年8月7日淮北地区一次中尺度对流系统（Mesoscale Convective Systerm,MCS）过程进行诊断分析和模拟。结果表明,本次MCS过程发生在弱天气尺度强迫背景场下,系统性上升运动较弱,对流层低层存在较弱的源自西北太平洋的偏东风转东南风的水汽输送作用;MCS移动和形态变化与地面辐合线演变特征较为一致,地面流场的演变与降水强度之间有着密切的联系;WRF模式较好地模拟出本次降水的分布特征以及MCS演变过程中对流活动和地面辐合线相互作用的特征。模拟结果表明,本次过程中MCS在逐渐南移过程中完成了对流单体的更替,地面辐合线在此过程中发挥重要作用,并且处于不同发展阶段的对流单体环境场的对流不稳定度的垂直分布存在明显差异。     

Qinling Orogenic Belt: Its Palaeozoic-Mesozoic Evolution and Metallogenesis

The formation, development and evolution of the Qinling erogenic belt can be divided into three stages: (1) formation and development of Precambrian basement in the Late Archaean-Palaeoproterozoic (3.0-1.6 Ga), (2) plate evolution (0.8-0.2 Ga), and (3) intracontinental orogeny and tectonic evolution in the Mesozoic.The Devonian (D) and Triassic (T) were the key transition period of the tectonic evolution of the Qinling orogenic belt. That is to say, in the Devonian, the Qinling micro-plate was separated from the northern margin of the Yangtze plate (passive continental margin). This period witnessed transition of the micro-plate from the compressional to ex-tensional state, and consequently three types of sedimentary basins were formed, namely, the rift hydrothermal basin in the micro-plate, restricted ocean basin in the south, and residual ocean basin resulting from collision on the northern margin. In the Triassic the Qinling area was turned into the intracontinental orogen.The Devonian and Triassic w