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1.
Low multipath antennas for GNSS-based attitude determination systems applied to high-altitude platforms 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Luigi Boccia Pasquale Pace Giandomenico Amendola Giuseppe Di Massa 《GPS Solutions》2008,12(3):163-171
High-altitude platforms (HAPs) are a flexible and attractive technology for providing innovative wireless services. These
aerial platforms can be successfully employed for mobile or broadband communications and for disaster monitoring or response.
However, one of the open issues is whether HAP stations can provide reliable services without temporal outages owing to stratospheric
winds that can cause positional and attitude instabilities thus affecting the communication system operation. To counteract
this issue, one possible solution is to use reconfigurable antennas whose pointing direction can be adjusted depending on
the platform spatial orientation. However, this would require real-time three-axial attitude data. As a possible solution,
this paper will review the potential of GNSS-based attitude determination systems with reference to HAP stations. In particular,
it will be shown how the use of a particular class of low multipath and lightweight antennas can provide a high degree of
accuracy without altering the avionic ballast. 相似文献
2.
Luca Amendola Joshua A. Frieman Ioav Waga 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,309(2):465-473
We consider the prospects for detecting weak gravitational lensing by underdensities (voids) in the large-scale matter distribution. We derive the basic expressions for magnification and distortion by spherical voids. Clustering of the background sources and cosmic variance are the main factors that limit in principle the detection of lensing by voids. We conclude that only voids with radii larger than ∼100 h −1 Mpc have lensing signal-to-noise ratio larger than unity. 相似文献
3.
Luca Amendola Sandra Savaglio 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1999,309(3):576-584
We investigate the clustering properties of 13 QSO lines of sight in flat space, with average redshifts from z ≈2 to 4. We estimate the 1D power spectrum and the integral density of neighbours, and discuss their variation with respect to redshift and column density. We compare the results with standard CDM models, and estimate the power spectrum of Lyman- α clustering as a function of both redshift and column density. We find that (a) there is no significant periodicity or characteristic scale; (b) the clustering depends on both column density and redshift; (c) the clustering increases linearly only if at the same time the H i column density decreases strongly with redshift. The results remain qualitatively the same, assuming an open cosmological model. 相似文献
4.
We calculate analytically and numerically the distance–redshift equation in perfect fluid quintessence models and give an accurate fit to the numerical solutions for all the values of the density parameter and the quintessence equation of state. Then we apply our solutions to the estimation of H 0 from multiple image time delays and find that the inclusion of quintessence modifies significantly the likelihood distribution of H 0 , generally reducing the best estimate with respect to a pure cosmological constant. Marginalizing over the other parameters (Ω m and the quintessence equation of state) we obtain H 0 =71±6 km s−1 Mpc−1 for an empty beam and H 0 =64±4 km s−1 Mpc−1 for a filled beam. These errors, however, do not take into account the uncertainty on the modelling of the lens. We also discuss the future prospects for distinguishing quintessence from a cosmological constant with time delays. 相似文献
5.
L. Amendola C. Quercellini E. Giallongo 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,357(2):429-439
We discuss the constraints that future photometric and spectroscopic redshift surveys can put on dark energy through the baryon oscillations of the power spectrum. We model the dark energy either with a perfect fluid or a scalar field and take into account the information contained in the linear growth function. We show that the growth function helps to break the degeneracy in the dark energy parameters and reduce the errors on w 0 , w 1 roughly by 30 per cent, making more appealing multicolour surveys based on photometric redshifts. We find that a 200-deg2 spectroscopic survey reaching z ≈ 3 can constrain w 0 , w 1 to within Δ w 0 = 0.21, Δ w 1 = 0.26 , to Δ w 0 = 0.39, Δ w 1 = 0.54 using photometric redshifts with an absolute uncertainty of 0.02, and to Δ w 0 = 0.43, Δ w 1 = 0.66 with an uncertainty of 0.04. In the scalar field case, we show that the slope n of the inverse power-law potential for dark energy can be constrained to Δ n = 0.26 (spectroscopic redshifts) or Δ n = 0.40 (photometric redshifts), i.e. better than with future ground-based supernovae surveys or cosmic microwave background data. 相似文献
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7.
Multipath error remains the largest error source in many high precision GPS applications. To counteract this problem, solutions at both software and hardware level have been studied. Software processing by means of measurement redundancy or error predictability can be used in order to mitigate the multipath effects. In general, these techniques work properly only when the length of a reflection path exceeds that of the direct path by more than 10–20 m. Unfortunately, in most cases, reflections are generated in the area near the receiving antenna. For this reason, multipath rejection actuated at the antenna level is one of the most valid means to improve the accuracy of GPS systems. The scope of this work is twofold. First, a review of low-multipath reception requirements will be proposed for comparing different classes of high precision GNSS antennas. Based on this discussion, we introduce a quantitative evaluation of multipath rejection capabilities of a GNSS antenna. The proposed assessment technique is focused on the antenna pattern, but, in contrast to other parameters evaluating the antenna radiation characteristics, it is specifically conceived to capture the effects of multipath signals. 相似文献
8.
This study deals with the seismic fragility of elastic structural systems equipped with single concave sliding (friction pendulum system (FPS)) isolators considering different soil conditions. The behavior of these systems is analyzed by employing a two-degree-of-freedom model, whereas the FPS response is described by means of a velocity-dependent model. The uncertainty in the seismic inputs is taken into account by considering artificial seismic excitations modelled as timemodulated filtered Gaussian white noise random processes of different intensity within the power spectral density method. In particular, the filter parameters, which control the frequency content of the random excitations, are calibrated to describe stiff, medium and soft soil conditions. The sliding friction coefficient at large velocity is also considered as a random variable modelled through a uniform probability density function. Incremental dynamic analyses are developed in order to evaluate the probabilities of exceeding different limit states related to both the reinforced concrete (RC) superstructure and isolation level, defining the seismic fragility curves within an extensive parametric study carried out for different structural system properties and soil conditions. The abovementioned seismic fragility curves are useful to evaluate the seismic reliability of base-isolated elastic systems equipped with FPS and located in any site for any soil condition. 相似文献
9.
The phase space of a cosmological model with a scalar field coupled to curvature is discussed in detail for any value of the coupling constant ξ and any power law (ϕ2n) potential. The results obtained generalize previous studies with minimal coupling (ξ = 0) and quadratic or quartic potentials to the entire parameter space (ξ, n). In many cases one finds global attractors and inflationary trajectories, with or without the correct Friedmannian limit. If the coupling constant is positive, a forbidden region cuts out a large part of the phase space, while, if it is negative, escaping regions may occur. Semi-classical instability of vacuum states and singularity-free trajectories are also discussed. 相似文献
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