中国新疆且末绿洲土地利用变化及驱动力分析

利用1993年JERS－1OVN及1999年LANDSAT－7ETM＋遥感资料，并结合实地调查，研究了新疆且末绿洲土地利用变化（LUCC）及其驱动力。1993－1999年仅6年时间，且末绿洲的耕地和林地面积大量增加，草地与湿地面积显著减少，与此同时，沙漠面积增加。LUCC的驱动力首先是政府的政策，而人口的增加及当地居民的经济利益则是LUCC最直接的因素；为了保护绿洲不受沙漠侵袭，绿洲内及其周围大规模植树造林，使林地面积大增；开垦耕地、盐碱化、沙漠化等则使草地面积日益减少。     

城市地表热通量遥感反演及与土地类型的关系(英文)

Using ASTER(Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiome-ter) infrared remote sensing data we inversed the parameters of urban surface heat fluxes applying the PCACA model and theoretical position algorithm,and then we analyzed the in-fluence of different land use types on the surface heat fluxes and energy balance.In this study,Kumagaya,a city in Saitama Prefecture,Japan,was selected as the experimental area.The result shows that the PCACA model is feasible for the surface heat fluxes estimation in urban areas because this model requires less parameters in the procedure of heat fluxes estimation in urban areas with complicated surface structure and can decrease the uncertainty.And we found that different land-use types have indicated the height heterogeneity on the surface heat fluxes significantly.The magnitudes of Bowen ratio in descending order are industrial,residential,transportation,institutional,dry farmland,green space,and water body.Under the same meteorological condition,there are distinct characteristics and regional differences in Bowen ratios among different surface covers,indicating higher sensible heat flux and lower latent heat flux in the urban construction land,while lower sensible heat flux and higher latent heat flux in the vegetation-covered area,the outskirt of the urban area.The increase of urban impervious surface area caused by the urban sprawl can enlarge the sensible heat flux and the Bowen ratio,so that it causes the increasing of urban surface temperature and air tem-perature,which is the mechanism of the so-called heat island effect.     

套管式竖井施工法

本文简述了日本ＫＣＭＭ工法的特点,用途及施工流程,列举了所用６种钻机的参数及套管的技术规格。