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Distribution of the rare-earth elements (REE) in dacite has been studied so as to get a better understanding of the migration
behavior of REE during alteration. Both unaltered and altered samples were collected in an unpolluted area of Guangxi Zhuang
Autonomous Region, southwest China. The REE concentrations were analyzed by ICP-MS. It is concluded that the REE were enriched
during dacite alteration in varying degrees. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns of altered samples approximately maintain
the characteristics of unaltered samples. However, if we normalize the REE concentrations of altered samples with unaltered
dacite, fractionation of REE will appear. The LREE are more enriched than HREE in all altered samples with the LREE possibly
precipitated as carbonate minerals. Both positive and negative Eu anomalies exist. Enrichment, immobility and depletion are
noticed for the element Lu. Heavy mineral alteration, difference in stability constant between carbonate LREE and HREE complexes,
downward migration of weathering fluid and microenvironment change may be responsible for the fractionation of REE in the
altered dacite. 相似文献
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云贵高原湖泊CO2的地球化学变化及其大气CO2源汇效应 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
湖泊是大气CO2的源还是汇,长期以来一直都存有争议。云贵高原地区的湖泊由于受流域碳酸盐岩风化作用的影响,使这一问题就显得更特殊,也更复杂。本次研究通过化学平衡计算和气相色谱测定两种方法得到了比较一致的湖水CO2浓度结果。研究发现,在夏季强烈的光合作用消耗了湖水CO2,致使湖水中CO2浓度降低。在贵州草海、百花湖以及云南的泸沽湖、杞麓湖,表层湖水CO2分压(为便于与大气CO2比较,文中湖水CO2用分压单位表示)小于200μatm,远低于大气CO2分压,湖泊正不断地从大气中吸收CO2,从而构成大气CO2的汇。 相似文献
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210Pb具有百年时间尺度沉积计年的重要价值。210Pbex计年假设:沉积物是封闭系统;进入水体的210Pb能有效地转移到沉积物中并不发生沉积后迁移;非过剩210Pb与其母体226Ra保持平衡。210Pbex计年可用稳定输入通量-稳定沉积物堆积速率模式、常量初始浓度模式或恒定补给速率模式。沉积物柱芯必须保持原态并以0.5~1cm间隔分截;用相应层节226Ra校正。沉积物表层混合作用及222Rn的丢失可能导致顶部210Pbex异常。季节性缺氧湖泊沉积物顶部可能存在210Pb及210Po的再迁移。210Pb与137Cs两种计年方法原理上具有根本差别。210Pb,137Cs与沉积纹理方法对比是准确计年的重要保证。 相似文献
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Screening Effect of the Diffusive Boundary Layer in Sediments of Lake Aha in the Suburbs of Guiyang City,Guizhou Province 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The redox cycle of iron and manganese is a major geochemica process at the boundary layers of lake sediments.Lake Aha,which lies in the suburbs of Guiyang City,Guizhou Province,China,is a medium-sized artificial reservoir with seasonally anoxic hypolimnion,Long-term sedimentary accumulation of iron and manganese resulted in their enrichment in the upper sediments,In the anoxic season,Fe^2 and Mn^2 ,formed by diological oxidation,would diffuse up to overlying waters from sediments.However,the concentration of oxidation,would diffuse up to overlying waters from sediments,However,the concentration of Fe^2 increased later and decreased earlier than that of Mn^2 .Generally,sulfate reduction occurred at 6 cm below the sediment-water interface.Whereas,in the anoxic season.the reduction reached upper sediments,inhibiting the release of Fe^2 ,The Fe concentration of anoxic water is quickly decreased from high to low as a result of reduction of the suplhur system. 相似文献
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百花湖是一个具有季节性分层的富营养小型湖泊,在秋季湖水倒转期经常发生水质恶化事件,碳氮循环出现异常。文章研究特选择在秋初,湖泊分层开始消失时,测定了湖水中不同深度的N2O,CH4,CO2,有机和无机碳同位素以及其他化学参数变化。结果发现:采样时百花湖在约6m和16m深度附近出现了两个温度不连续层(SDL和PDL),并影响到有机颗粒的沉降和分解。相对而言,有较多的有机质在这两个层内发生降解,但降解的途径有所不同,上部主要是有氧降解,下部则主要是无氧降解过程。N2O的产生和消耗与有机质的降解过程完全对应:PDL层以上,ΔN2O与AOU的线性关系反映了N2O主要形成于硝化作用;PDL层以下反硝化作用导致N2O严重不饱和;PDL内位于硝化作用和反硝化作用过渡带的N2O峰,显然是硝化与反硝化联合作用的结果。PDL层内较大的CH4浓度变化梯度,说明嗜甲烷细菌可能通过氧化NH+4贡献了部分N2O。百花湖秋、冬季表层湖水N2O都是过饱和的,都是大气N2O的源,依据分子扩散模型计算湖泊N2O的释放通量在12~14μmol/m·day之间,秋、冬季没有明显的差别。秋季底层湖水的反硝化作用是湖泊N2O的汇,其消耗通量与表层的释放通量基本相当。 相似文献
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程海沉积物无机碳、氧同位素相关性及其环境意义 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
程海是位于云南省西北部的一个较为特殊的湖泊,其矿化度已接近盐湖下限。湖泊沉积物无机碳、氧同位素组成敏感地记录了流域内环境变化的信息,其相关性有效地揭示了湖泊的封闭条件。组成的变化受到温度高低、降水大小、光合作用强弱、碳酸盐体系溶解平衡及水文条件等因素的控制。通过对该湖沉积物无机碳酸盐碳、氧同位素组成的研究,追溯了该流域内自采样深度以来的数十年内的环境变化情况,研究表明:程海流域气候变化有呈现出11-12a的小周期变化的趋势,但是在孔柱底部的信号噪声较大;沉积物碳酸盐δ^13Cδ^18O的良好相关性指示了程海近几十年内的水文封闭条件;并将碳、氧同位素这一环境敏感指标推广到了高矿化度的“准”咸湖的环境中。 相似文献
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Microbiological denitrification and denitrifying activity ofParacoccus Denitrificans 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
With rapidly industrial and agricultural development,more and more fertilizers,chemicals and heavy ions will be discharged into lakes and rivers,which would cause lake eutrophication and quality deterioration in drinking water sources.Therefore,denitrification is essential for controlling the amounts of nitrogen,During the transformation process from nitrate to the end products-nitrogen and several intermediated[e.g.nitrite(NO2^-),nitrous oxide(N2O) and nitric oxide(NO)]may be accumulated,which have more toxic influences on the environment.in This study,the denitrification effect of Paracoccus Denitrificans was examined on the changes between oxic and anoxic conditions at varying pH.At pH=7.5,denitrification proceeded well after 3 switches from oxic to anoxic conditions and vice versa,Production of N2 was constant and the amounts of NO2-,N2O and NO were extremely low.How ever,at pH=6.8,denitrification activity was inhitied and there large amounts of the intermaediates.The denitrifying bacteria decreased violently in dry weight and were washed out. 相似文献