基于FCM算法的BDS三频载波相位组合观测值优化选取

针对传统GNSS载波相位组合观测值选取过程中效率低、工作量大的问题,在对BDS三频载波相位组合观测值的波长标准、电离层延迟标准、观测噪声标准进行误差分析的基础上,以长波长、弱电离层、弱观测噪声标准作为聚类指标,采用模糊C均值聚类算法对BDS三频载波相位组合观测值进行优化分类选取,最后通过矩阵变换法和实测数据对优化组合进行整周模糊度解算,对组合模糊度方差-协方差阵以及历元间模糊度差值进行分析,证明该方法的可行性和可靠性。     

Research on the evolution law of permafrost under the influence of urbanization based on remote sensing technology

The permafrost of Mohe County and its suburbs in the Daxing′an Mountains has been influenced by the urbanization. Remote sensing, GIS technology and numerical simulation was used to study the temperature variations of permafrost with the changes in surface vegetation that cover Mohe County and suburban areas, and the law of permafrost degradation on the study area was analyzed. The research results show that the urban area of the study area increased 114.42%from 2000 to 2016, and the urbanization process is continuing to accelerate. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index map of 2017 in Mohe County and its suburbs was studied and the maximum proportion of vegetation coverage was different in the four seasons. The numerical calculation model results show that the permafrost temperature change in the study area cyclically fluctuates in a cosine form. The annual variation curve of permafrost temperature gradually decreased and its accompanying phase lag increased with depth. The annual temperature change value with the different depths of the town was greater than the natural ground. The maximum permafrost thawing depths of the town and natural ground were 4.2 m and 2.82 m in 50 a, and the degradation rates of the two permafrost are, respectively, 0.88 cm/a and 0.46 cm/a. These results show that urbanization has accelerated the degradation of permafrost.     

北斗三频整系数线性组合优化模型

针对北斗三频观测量的应用需求,该文在对北斗三频载波相位线性组合观测模型进行误差分析的基础上,从几何的角度对削弱或消除误差的实系数无电离层组合、无对流层组合和最小噪声组合进行空间分析,更为直观地描述了无电离层平面、无对流层平面和最小噪声线的关系。在此基础之上,引出北斗整系数线性组合,并对长波长组合、弱电离层组合和弱观测噪声组合进行分析,以巷数、电离层延迟系数和噪声放大系数作为三频最优整系数线性组合的判断指标,得到了以(-1,-5,6)、(0,-1,1)和(1,4,-5)为代表的几组具有不同特性的最优三频整系数线性组合,并得出三频整系数优选线性组合模型的系数之和一般为S=0或者S=±1。