Short-Term Forecast of Water Levels in Don Mouth Area Using Hydrodynamic Simulation

Water Resources - The article presents the results of the test operation of a calculation–simulation complex (CSC) for level forecasting in a navigable branch in Don R. mouth area with daily...     

Studying Seasonal Processes in the Volga Mouth Area with the Use of Remote Sensing Data

Monitoring of the following hydrological processes was carried out: breakup in the mouth areas of rivers in the northern European Russia, the propagation of the spring flood wave and inundation in the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain and the Volga delta, a catastrophic flood in the Terek mouth area, and ice phenomena in the Volga mouth area and in the northern Caspian Sea. The results of satellite monitoring of seasonal processes in the Volga mouth area are presented.__________Translated from Vodnye Resursy, Vol. 32, No. 3, 2005, pp. 261–273.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Gorelits, Zemlyanov.     

Extreme Floods in Crimean Rivers in 2021

Water Resources - The results of studies of extreme floods in Crimean rivers in the summer of 2021 are presented. Analytical and historical generalization is made for the problem of the adverse...     

Complex studies of hydrometeorological and ice conditions on the northwestern shelf of the Caspian Sea based on satellite and expedition observational data and model calculations

In accordance with the contract of the LUKOIL Oil Company, a cooperation of the Roshydromet organizations (Planeta Research Center for Space Hydrometeorology, a main contractor, Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation, Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, and State Oceanographic Institute) carried out in 2008 complex studies of the hydrometeorological and ice conditions for the Filanovskii oil- and gas-field facility construction on the northwestern shelf of the Caspian Sea. Three expeditions were organized and conducted within that project: a helicopter ice research expedition (specialists from the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute carried out a huge volume of measurements of physicomechanic properties of level, rafted and hummocked ice, and morphometric characteristics of ice piling, hummocks, and stamukhas); specialists from the State Oceanographic Institute organized a ship expedition on studying sea ground exaration formed due to impacts of ice formations (hummocks and stamukhas) using hydro-radar and echo-sounder surveys as well as a complex hydrometeorological and hydrochemical expedition with five autonomous buoy stations mounted in two months. From the moment of ice formation to the end of the expedition activity, an operational space monitoring of the northwestern Caspian Sea was carried out at the Planeta Research Center for Space Hydrometeorology. Based on the NOAA, TERRA, and AQUA satellite data, corrected and geographically fixed satellite images of the area of activity were issued with a periodicity of 6 times per day; index maps on the ice situation (twice a week) and ice situation forecasts (lead-time of 1–7 days). Besides, long-term series of satellite data on the northwestern Caspian Sea are collected and processed: their results are used for estimating seasonal and interannual variability of the drift ice and fast ice. Specialists of the Hydrometeorological Research Center of the Russian Federation completed the work on processing and analysis of library materials, research/technical reports, handbooks, expedition observational data, and on hydrodynamic and probability modeling of long-term series of hydrological, meteorological, and partly ice data. In particular, basic characteristics of the hydrological regime (sea level, currents, and waving) are calculated for the place of the oil platform location and along the pipeline routing. Tentative local specifications on the hydrometeorological regime in the Filanovskii field are worked out based on the results of the work performed.     

Flow Distribution,Flooding and Water Engineering Measures in the Volga-Akhtuba Floodplain Region: 2 Modeling

The results of studying the hydrological regime ofthe Volga-Akhtuba floodplain based on the joint analysis of observation and hydrodynamic modeling data are presented. The calculated hydrological characteristics are compared with observational data. The areas and boundaries of zones flooded by the water flow from the Akhtuba and Volga rivers are estimated. The efficiency of water engineering activities aimed at the improvement of flooding conditions is analyzed for the most problematic part of the Volga-Akhtuba floodplain.     

X-Ray fluorescence analysis of the principal elements of the seawater salt composition in the tropical Atlantic

This paper reports on the results of determining the chlorine, potassium, calcium and sulphur concentrations obtained by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) during the 37th cruise of the R/VAkademik Vernadsky in the tropical Atlantic. The determination accuracies for the ratios of K/Cl, Ca/Cl, and S/Cl were 0.45, 0.58, and 2.5%, respectively. As follows from the data obtained, the variations of these ratios exceed the accuracy of the measurements at all stations, and they are connected with the structural features of the hydrochemical fields.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov.     

Channel deformations and runoff redistribution within the Terek River mouth reach after the catastrophic flood of 2002

Results of field studies conducted in the Terek delta in 2002–2004 are presented. Seasonal vertical deformations of the river bed in the lower course of the main branch (the Novyi Terek) are shown to vary within 0.5–1.3 m; intense development of the delta bar takes place. Regeneration of water streams that died away in the 1980s–1990s, and the formation of a new channel network in the lower part of Terek delta are recorded.