斯里兰卡近岸风暴潮模拟中风暴潮-潮汐相互作用特征分析:一个个例研究

利用三维普林斯顿海洋模型（POM）以及逐时水位观测数据,研究印度洋北部斯里兰卡北部海岸风暴潮-潮汐相互作用特征.选择了2008年的"Nisha"台风作为台风风暴潮个例进行研究,并进行了3个数值敏感性试验.经验证,该风暴潮模型可以很好地再现该台风期间研究区域内的潮汐和总海水水位.试验结果表明,沿斯里兰卡西北海岸的风暴潮-潮汐相互作用显著,其强度与台风的强度和轨迹相关.当TC在42 h达到较大强度时,可以得到风暴潮-潮汐相互作用导致的最大增水值TSI （0.6 m）和从印度洋外海向斯里兰卡西北部浅滩流入的最大相互作用流场.在TC强度较弱的第30小时,得到最大负TSI （-0.6 m）和向南流出西北部浅水区域的较弱的相互作用流场.在整个台风期间,强TSI都发生在斯里兰卡西北部海滩到对岸的印度洋近岸区域.     

一次自上向下发展的高原涡的多尺度动力学分析

高原涡作为经常给我国带来暴雨等灾害的天气系统,其形成一般认为是通过感热和潜热自下而上激发的,然而,2013年5月下旬发生的一次引发其下游灾害性强降水的高原涡却是由对流层高层天气尺度低涡诱发的.为此,基于新发展的多尺度子空间变换和多尺度能量涡度方法以及ERA5再分析资料对其动力学过程进行了详尽的探讨,先将原始场重构到三个...     

Application of the Sequence Stratigraphy in the Study of Cretaceous-Tertiary of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China

1. IntroductionThe Tarim basin, one of the most developed and important areas of marine Cretaceous-Tertiary in China except for south Tibet, is very rich in oil and gas, such as Kekeya oilfield in southwestern Tarim and Kela2 gas field in northeastern Tarim. Because of the expansion, subduction of the oceanic crust of the Tethys and the collision between the India plate and the Eurasia plate during the Cretaceous-Tertiary, the Tethys transgressed into the Tarim basin from west to east fr…     

抚仙湖浮游植物群落时空变化特征及其与环境因子的关系

抚仙湖作为我国第二深水湖泊,是国家战略淡水资源的重要储库之一.随着气候变化及流域开发的增强,抚仙湖生物群落组成近年来发生了明显变化,水体水质和生态系统功能呈现降低的趋势.为了摸清浮游植物的时空分布特征及关键环境因子,本研究于2015年对抚仙湖南、中、北3个位点进行浮游植物群落和环境因子的逐月调查.结果显示,浮游植物群落由绿藻门、甲藻门、金藻门、硅藻门、蓝藻门和隐藻门组成.方差分析和相似性分析表明,环境因子、浮游植物生物量和群落结构存在显著的季节演替模式,而空间差异不明显.浮游植物的优势属种(按生物量) 1月为隐球藻、丝藻、转板藻,2月为克罗脆杆藻、飞燕角甲藻、转板藻,3月为小环藻、转板藻,4—7月为锥囊藻、飞燕角甲藻、转板藻,8月为飞燕角甲藻、转板藻,9月为飞燕角甲藻、锥囊藻、转板藻,10月为飞燕角甲藻,11月为飞燕角甲藻、多甲藻、转板藻,12月为转板藻.Pearson相关分析显示,温度和总磷浓度与浮游植物生物量及群落结构呈显著相关,方差分解分析进一步表明水温和总磷浓度分别单独解释了浮游植物群落结构变化的26.0%和2.6%,共同解释了3.0%.与2002—2003年转板藻全年占优相比,2015年浮游植物群落结构发生了显著变化且生物量明显上升,可能反映了该水体营养水平长期上升的持续影响.     

Numerical simulation of the structure and variation of upwelling off the east coast of Hainan Island using QuikSCAT winds

The spatial structure and variation of the upwelling in the waters east and northeast of Hainan Island, China during 2000-2007 were investigated using a nested high-resolution Princeton Ocean Model (POM) forced by QuikSCAT winds. The model produced good simulations of the summer upwelling and the seasonal and annual variability. Strong upwelling occurs from mid-July to mid-August with a peak east of Hainan Island associated with the southwesterly monsoon in the South China Sea. Sensitivity experiments indicated that when the local wind stress controls the variability of the upwelling, the large-scale circulation significantly enhances the upwelling northeast of Hainan Island by inducing a local upwelling and transporting cold water northeast-ward along the island’s east coast. The joint effects of the local wind stress and large-scale circulation result in stronger upwelling northeast of Hainan Island. This implies that the annual variation of the upwelling northeast of Hainan Island is controlled not only by the local alongshore wind stress but also by the large-scale circulation. This result will help us investigate the decadal variation of the upwelling in this region in the future.     

磨玻璃病灶影像检查技术应用对比的体模研究

目的:借助嵌有磨玻璃病灶的胸部体模研究X线摄影、计算机断层扫描(CT)和数字断层融合(DTS)3种检查技术在新型冠状病毒肺炎筛查中的应用价值.方法:将19枚与新型冠状病毒肺炎的典型影像表征相似的类椭圆形磨玻璃影磨玻璃病灶置入体模内各肺叶处,分别用低剂量CT扫描、DTS扫描和X线摄影方法检查,更换病灶位置后再次检查,对3...     

Application of deep learning technique to the sea surface height prediction in the South China Sea

A deep-learning-based method, called ConvLSTMP3, is developed to predict the sea surface heights(SSHs).ConvLSTMP3 is data-driven by treating the SSH prediction problem as the one of extracting the spatial-temporal features of SSHs, in which the spatial features are "learned" by convolutional operations while the temporal features are tracked by long short term memory(LSTM). Trained by a reanalysis dataset of the South China Sea(SCS), ConvLSTMP3 is applied to the SSH prediction in a region of the SCS east off Vietnam coast featured with eddied and offshore currents in summer. Experimental results show that ConvLSTMP3 achieves a good prediction skill with a mean RMSE of 0.057 m and accuracy of 93.4% averaged over a 15-d prediction period. In particular,ConvLSTMP3 shows a better performance in predicting the temporal evolution of mesoscale eddies in the region than a full-dynamics ocean model. Given the much less computation in the prediction required by ConvLSTMP3,our study suggests that the deep learning technique is very useful and effective in the SSH prediction, and could be an alternative way in the operational prediction for ocean environments in the future.     

网络方法在流域水资源利用模拟模型研究中的应用

在水资源规划研究中,利用网络技术──易小费用最大流方法进行系统模拟具有明显的优点。以黄河支流为例,介绍了利用该方法建立流域水资源利用规划模拟模型时遇到的技术问题和解决途径。     

风能输入参数对珠江口波浪模拟的影响

珠江口是粤港澳大湾区的核心区域,台风、风暴潮和巨浪等海洋灾害频发,对沿岸人民的生命财产安全构成严重威胁。准确的高分辨率波浪模拟/预报对区域经济建设和防灾减灾具有重要意义。波浪预报/模拟的质量很大程度上取决于风能输入的误差。本研究基于WAVEWATCH III(WW3)的南海-珠江口双重嵌套精细化海浪模式,探讨不同的风场产品与风能输入参数方案组合对珠江口波浪动力过程模拟的影响,确定最优的风场和参数方案组合。ERA5风场更适合珠江口海域的风浪模拟,其模式结果略优于采用CFSR风场的模式结果。ERA5风场+T500方案的组合对珠江口波高变化过程的模拟效果最好,ERA5风场+T471方案的组合次之,ERA5风场+ST6方案再次之。CFSR风场与T471f参数方案最为适配,其结果稍差于ERA5风场+ST6参数方案。T500方案调整高风速下的风能输入和涌浪对风能输入的反馈作用,并考虑水深引起的波浪破碎效应,更适合水深限制的珠江口浅水区域。另外,WW3模式开关ST4的参数方案的表现优于开关ST6的参数方案。     

东印度洋天气和风暴潮预报系统的初步评估

东印度洋天气和风暴潮实时预报系统（EPMEF_EIO）由区域大气模式和区域风暴潮模型组成,每天实时运行4次.大气初边场来自美国国家环境预报中心（NCEP）的全球预测系统（GFS）,通过区域嵌套得到印度洋-东印度洋-斯里兰卡区域的3 d预报结果.大气模式的10 m预报风场驱动风暴潮模式,得到东印度洋-斯里兰卡区域的潮汐和风暴潮3 d预报结果.通过与中国科学院南海海洋研究所斯里兰卡站气象塔观测数据、最优台风路径数据和科伦坡水位站数据对比,发现模式预报气温和相对湿度的日变化较观测值偏小,气温总体RMSE为1.26℃,相关系数为0.8,相对湿度的总体RMSE为7.0%,相关系数为0.7;模式预报风速以整体偏大为主,总体RMSE为2.3 m/s,相关系数为0.65;模式预报风向能把握主要的变化趋势,RMSE在20°~32°之间,相关系数约0.65;模式24、48和72 h路径预报平均误差分别为110.5、166.4和181.0 km.此外,模式水位预报的RMSE为0.035 m,占最大振幅约5%,与观测的相关系数达到0.996.这说明了模式可以用于预报潮汐和风暴潮过程.