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1.
A hydraulic invariance‐based methodology for the implementation of storm‐water release restrictions in urban land use master plans
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Viviana Pappalardo Alberto Campisano Francesco Martinico Carlo Modica Luca Barbarossa 《水文研究》2017,31(23):4046-4055
A hydraulic invariance (HI)‐based methodology was developed as a tool to support implementation of storm flow control measures into land use master plans (LUMPs) for urban catchments. The methodology is based on the use of simple hydrologic analysis to compare predevelopment and postdevelopment catchment flow release scenarios. Differently from previous literature examples, for which the parcel scale is usually considered for the analysis, HI was pursued assuming the LUMP areas of transformation as the basic units for assigning storm water control measures in the form of flow release restrictions. The methodology was applied to a case study catchment in the southern part of the City of Catania (Italy), for which the LUMP re‐design has been recently proposed. Simulations were run based on the use of the EPA‐Storm Water Management Model and allowed deriving flow release restrictions in order to achieve HI at the subcatchment level for design events of different return period. 相似文献
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Viviana Castelli 《地学学报》1993,5(5):496-502
The assessment of seismicity in many areas of Italy hinges on poorly known earthquakes listed by the seismic catalogue on the grounds of single, poor quality data taken from seismological compilations which, in most cases, did not adopt a consistently critical outlook in processing their miscellaneous information. Starting from such datasets it was easy to misunderstand, lose and duplicate evidence and events. This study was initiated to see whether better results might be attained by a more careful reprocessing of the same data already gathered by compilations. Six important, but poorly known, earthquakes were listed by the Italian catalogue in the selected time-window (1292–1294): according to the results of the study one of them is to be back-dated by a century, three others should be reduced to one, another can be confirmed and the last one is a fake. The author is indebted to Paola Albini, Romano Camassi, Magda Minoli, Laura Mucci and Massimiliano Stucchi for moral and material support. 相似文献
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Abstract. Proportions of foraminifers, tintinnids, polycystine radiolarians, pteropods and crustacean larval stages were estimated in a collection of 76 vertically stratified (0 – 100 m) 30 µm net microplankton samples from 16 stations along the Argentine shelf-slope (around 200 m isobath – between 40 and 56° S), covered on 13 – 18 November 1996. Tintinnids were identified to species. Relative abundances of the microzooplankton assessed and chlorophyll a values allow to define two contrasting groups of stations: 'deep' and 'shallow'. The former, located in pelagic, purely subantarctic Malvinas Current waters, hosted higher proportions of foraminifers and lower proportions of tintinnids, as well as less chlorophyll a (all differences were significant at the 0.1 % level). 'Shallow' stations were located in the area of the thermohaline front where the Patagonian Current comes in contact with the Malvinas Current, and were generally characterized by higher chlorophyll a levels (up to 3.7 µg Chl a · l–1 ). The distribution of tintinnid species, on the other hand, allowed no discrimination between these two areas, although some of the dominant forms showed much higher relative abundances in one of the two groups of stations. Twenty-six tintinnid taxa were recorded, yet only 6 accounted for 95 % of the specimens identified. Tintinnid taxocoenoses were characterized by a few abundant species and many rare ones. Numbers of tintinnid species and specific diversity did not differ noticeably with depth and latitude. Cape Horn Current waters were detected in the area by the presence of expatriated organisms presumably originating at mid-latitudes in the South Pacific Ocean. 相似文献
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Juan Pesántez Christian Birkel Giovanny M. Mosquera Pablo Peña Viviana Arízaga-Idrovo Emma Mora William H. McDowell Patricio Crespo 《水文研究》2021,35(9):e14357
Monitoring the temporal variation of solute concentrations in streams at high temporal frequency can play an important role in understanding the hydrological and biogeochemical behaviour of catchments. UV–visible spectrometry is a relatively inexpensive and easily used tool to infer those concentrations in streams at high temporal resolution. However, it is not yet clear which solutes can be modelled with such an in-situ sensor. Here, we installed a UV–visible spectrometer probe (200–750 nm) in a high-altitude tropical Páramo stream to record the wavelength absorbance at a 5-min temporal resolution. For calibration, we simultaneously sampled stream water at a 4-h frequency from February 2018 to March 2019 for subsequent laboratory analysis. Absorbance spectra and laboratory-determined solute concentrations were used to identify the best calibration method and to determine which solute concentrations can be effectively inferred using in situ spectrometry through the evaluation of six calibration methods of different mathematical complexity. Based on the Nash – Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and Akaike information criterion metrics, our results suggest that multivariate methods always outperformed simpler strategies to infer solute concentrations. Eleven out of 21 studied solutes (Al, DOC, Ca, Cu, K, Mg, N, Na, Rb, Si and Sr) were successfully calibrated (NSE >0.50) and could be inferred using UV–visible spectrometry even with a reduced daily sampling frequency. It is worth noting that most calibrated solutes were correlated with wavelengths (WLs) in the low range of the spectra (i.e., UV range) and showed relatively good correlation with DOC. The latter suggests that estimation of metal concentrations could be possible in other streams with a high organic load (e.g., peat dominated catchments). In situ operation of spectrometers to monitor water quality parameters at high temporal frequency (sub-hourly) can enhance the protection of human water supplies and aquatic ecosystems as well as providing information for assessing catchment hydrological functioning. 相似文献
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Viviana Mazzei Evelyn E. Gaiser John S. Kominoski Benjamin J. Wilson Shelby Servais Laura Bauman Stephen E. Davis Steve Kelly Fred H. Sklar David T. Rudnick Joseph Stachelek Tiffany G. Troxler 《Estuaries and Coasts》2018,41(7):2105-2119
Periphyton plays key ecological roles in karstic, freshwater wetlands and is extremely sensitive to environmental change making it a powerful tool to detect saltwater intrusion into these vulnerable and valuable ecosystems. We conducted field mesocosm experiments in the Florida Everglades, USA to test the effects of saltwater intrusion on periphyton metabolism, nutrient content, and diatom species composition, and how these responses differ between mats from a freshwater versus a brackish marsh. Pulsed saltwater intrusion was simulated by dosing treatment chambers monthly with a brine solution for 15 months; control chambers were simultaneously dosed with site water. Periphyton from the freshwater marsh responded to a 1-ppt increase in surface water salinity with reduced productivity and decreased concentrations of total carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. These functional responses were accompanied by significant shifts in periphytic diatom assemblages. Periphyton mats at the brackish marsh were more functionally resilient to the saltwater treatment (~?2 ppt above ambient), but nonetheless experienced significant shifts in diatom composition. These findings suggest that freshwater periphyton is negatively affected by small, short-term increases in salinity and that periphytic diatom assemblages, particularly at the brackish marsh, are a better metric of salinity increases compared with periphyton functional metrics due to functional redundancy. This research provides new and valuable information regarding periphyton dynamics in response to changing water sources in the southern Everglades that will allow us to extend the use of periphyton, and their diatom assemblages, as tools for environmental assessments related to saltwater intrusion. 相似文献
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Francesca Zuccarello Lidia Contarino Paolo Romano Viviana Battiato Salvo L. Guglielmino 《Acta Geophysica》2009,57(1):24-30
In this paper we report some results obtained from multi-wavelength observations carried out to study the mechanisms operating
in flares and filament eruptions. Most of these studies have given indication of the presence of phenomena that might be considered
signatures of magnetic reconnection, while others have pointed out the important role played by magnetic helicity transport
in corona before the eruptive phase. 相似文献
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Francesca Zuccarello Salvatore L. Guglielmino Viviana Battiato Lidia Contarino Daniele Spadaro Pado Romano 《Acta Geophysica》2009,57(1):15-23
This work aims to describe some aspects relevant to the emergence of magnetic structures on the solar surface. Using high
resolution photospheric and chromospheric data, besides than EUV images acquired by space telescopes, the dynamics of rising
flux tubes is studied. It is shown that, for both long-lived and short-lived magnetic regions, the flux tubes are initially
characterized by a high rising velocity, which eventually decreases as the region develops. Other results concern the timeline
of the active regions appearance in the atmospheric layers and the asymmetries in plasma downflows between preceding and following
legs of the flux tubes. These results are briefly discussed in the light of most recent models. 相似文献
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Sergio Archangelsky Viviana Barreda Mauro G. Passalia Maria Gandolfo Mercedes Prámparo Edgardo Romero Rubén Cúneo Alba Zamuner Ari Iglesias Magdalena Llorens Gabriela G. Puebla Mirta Quattrocchio Wolfgang Volkheimer 《Cretaceous Research》2009,30(5):1073-1082
In this report, we analyze the angiosperm fossil record (micro- and megafossil) from the central and southern basins of Argentina, southern South America, deposited between the late Barremian (128.3 Ma) to the end of the Coniacian (85.8 Ma). Based on this analysis, three major stages in the evolution of the angiosperms in the southernmost region of South America are established as follows: the late Barremian–Aptian, the latest Aptian-earliest Albian, and the middle Albian- Coniacian. The comparison between our fossil data set and those from Australia, North America, Asia and Europe suggest that the evolution and diversification of the angiosperms at mid and high latitudes in both hemispheres occurred roughly synchronously. 相似文献