煤矿区沉降与遥感监测方法探讨

以晋城市煤矿区沉降研究为例,介绍了应用遥感图像调查与数字高程模型相结合的方法进行煤矿区沉降研究及监测。监测结果表明,沉降区主要集中在该区域的西北部,沉降区面积较大,沉降原因是大矿开采3#煤层,导致地面沉降,只有2处沉降由小煤矿开采9#煤层引起。经验证,具体位置虽有差异,但沉降区基本与实际吻合。依据当前合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术的发展,对煤矿区遥感综合监测方法进行了讨论。     

成都市城市地貌图的设计与编制

设计城市地貌图应注重城市地貌在建城区、边缘区和城市经济辐射区范围内的区域分异规律。编制城市地貌图应遵循：环境功能，应用性，突出重点和图面协调三个原则。据此编制了成都市１：６５００建城区，１：５万边缘区和１：２０万城市经济辐射区三种城市地貌图。     

矽卡岩浆型铜矿床特征——以安徽铜陵东狮子山铜矿床为例

东狮子山铜矿床具有下列独特的特征:(1)矽卡岩是高温、高密度、粘稠的岩浆熔融体;(2)矽卡岩体与辉石二长岩体具有同源性;(3)矿体与矽岩体具有同源性;(4)成矿物质来自岩浆源,硫同位素测定的绝对值小于5‰;(5)矽卡岩矿物开始结晶温度为920C,可见熔融包裹体,成矿温度为620C;(6)成矿压力相当于1～2km深度条件;(7)矿石、矽卡岩具有典型的岩浆矿床的结构构造。     

Ecological Footprint Evaluation of Three Types of Wood Flooring in China based on Their Production Data from 2000 to 2018

To encourage the environmental responsibility of consumers and manufacturers for forest management, it is necessary to evaluate the environmental influences of forest products. Ecological footprint (EF) is an internationally recognized indicator for estimating the natural capital consumption and environmental influences of various forest products. In this study, we developed an accounting model for the EF evaluation of wood flooring, which is a tertiary forest product, by the method of transformation. Next, we used that model to evaluate the EF of three types of wood flooring in China according to their production data from 2000 to 2018. We collected the necessary data by visiting typical enterprises in China and referring to the relevant literature. According to our results, the average EFs of solid wood flooring, engineered solid wood flooring and laminate flooring between 2000 to 2018 were 3.13×10 ⁶, 1.05×10 ⁷ and 5.07×10 ⁶gha, respectively. The total EFs of solid wood flooring, engineered solid wood flooring and laminate flooring from 2000 to 2018 were 5.95×10 ⁷, 1.99×10 ⁸and 9.64×10 ⁷gha, respectively. The coefficients of variation (CV) of the EFs for these three types of wood flooring were 0.45, 0.87 and 0.76, respectively. The average and total EFs of the engineered solid wood flooring were the largest among the three types of wood flooring. The per capita EF and unit EF for the engineered solid wood flooring were also the highest among the three types of wood flooring. The EFs showed an upward trend with irregular fluctuations from 2000 to 2018 for all three types of wood flooring. It is necessary to reduce the EF of the engineered solid wood flooring and use more environmentally friendly products, such as solid wood flooring, for environmental protection.     

中国煤田构造研究进展

新一轮全国煤炭资源潜力评价工作在煤田构造与构造控煤作用研究方面取得重大进展,整体深化了对中国煤田构造发育规律的认识。提出赋煤构造单元的概念,建立了赋煤构造单元区划层次结构,系统总结了各赋煤构造区构造单元的煤田构造特征。从煤系变形控制因素角度,揭示了中国煤田构造展布的分区分带特征,把中国煤田构造格局划分为两大构造区域、三大煤系变形带、五大一级赋煤构造单元。提出煤盆地构造类型划分方案,研究了主要聚煤期古构造格局及其对成煤盆地发育的控制作用,恢复了煤田构造演化历程。建立了控煤构造样式分类方案,强调构造变形和构造形态对煤系现今赋存状态的控制作用,使构造控煤有了明确的载体。     

青藏高原煤炭资源潜力综合评价研究

西藏和青海地区开展了多次煤炭资源潜力调查工作,但由于煤炭地质工作程度低,极大的制约了青藏高原煤炭资源潜力的评价工作。以整个青藏高原为单元,在系统梳理煤炭资源预测区煤炭资源条件、开采技术条件、开发条件、生态环境条件的基础上,选用层次分析法,将四个评价条件量化为8个评价指标、20个评价参数,建立了青藏高原煤炭资源潜力评价体系,对青藏高原61个煤炭资源预测区垂深600m以浅的煤炭资源量进行了综合评价。划分出有利区18个、中等区23个和较差区20个,并提出了青藏高原地区下一步煤炭地质工作的方向。     

首批煤炭国家规划矿区煤田地质特征综述

首批煤炭国家规划矿区位于华北赋煤区鄂尔多斯盆地内,主要可采煤层多达10层,分别位于太原组、山西组和延安组。煤质以焦煤和无烟煤为主,其中太原组、山西组煤层具有横向变化小、垂向呈周期性变化的规律;而延安组横向变化较大,聚煤中心具有明显的由南向北迁移现象。受左旋剪切挤压作用,形成了一系列大型北北东向复式褶皱与断层,根据构造复杂程度,确认9个石炭—二叠纪煤田矿区和5个侏罗纪煤田矿区属简单类型。分析首批煤炭国家规划矿区内的控煤构造、矿床水文地质类型、充水因素以及煤层顶底板岩性特征,认为绝大部分矿区煤层稳定、构造和开采技术条件简单。