双磁场控制的磁流变减震结构振动台试验研究

传统磁流变减隔振器通常由线圈持续供电,不仅增大耗能,也会减少器件的使用寿命。基于磁流变凝胶(MRG)的剪切工作原理,运用剪切型结构设计一种新型磁流变凝胶减震装置,采用永磁体和线圈共同控制磁场大小和方向,通过改变磁流变凝胶的磁化程度实现阻尼力大小的控制。将该装置安装在一2层钢框架结构模型的底层,采用恒定电流控制法开展磁流变减震结构振动台试验研究,分析不同电流下减震结构系统对不同地震波的振动控制效果。试验结果表明：该磁流变凝胶减震装置能够显著降低结构的动力响应,对于不同的地震波其减震效果有所差异,随着峰值加速度的增加其减震效果有所下降。     

地基承载力确定的一种方法

根据三轴和直剪试验的特点并以Mohr强度理论为基础建立了Mohr包线的曲线形式。基于弹性理论导出了条形地基在均布荷载作用下塑性区方程,根据方程可以确定临塑荷载及塑性区的范围。与基于直线型Mohr-Coulomb准则建立起来的塑性区方程相比,该方程能反映土体抗剪强度增长随正应力增加逐渐趋缓的特点。算例分析表明：按两种方法计算得出的临塑荷载相差不大,塑性区连成一片时的荷载也基本一致;两种方法得出的塑性区的形状极为相似;随荷载增加,塑性区向下发展的速度比按传统方法得出的结果稍慢。     

Annual variation of carbon flux and impact factors in the tropical seasonal rain forest of xishuangbanna,SW China

Two years of eddy covariance measurements of above-and below-canopy carbon fluxes and static opaque chamber and gas chromatography technique measurements of soil respiration for three treatments (bare soil, soil+litterfall, soil+litterfall+seedling) were carried out in a tropical seasonal rain forest. In addition, data of photosynthesis of dominant tree species and seedlings, leaf area index, litter production and decomposing speed, soil moisture, soil temperature and photosynthetic photon flux density within the forest were all measured concurrently. Data from January 2003 to December 2004 are used to present annual variability of carbon flux and relationships between carbon flux and impact factors. The results show that carbon flux of this forest presented unusual tendency of annual variation; above-canopy carbon fluxes were negative in the dry season (November–April) and mainly positive in the rainy season, but overall the forest is a carbon sink. Carbon flux has obviously diurnal variation in this tropical seasonal rain forest. Above-canopy carbon fluxes were negative in the day-time and absolute values were larger in the dry season than that in the rainy season, causing the forest to act as a carbon sink; at night, carbon fluxes were mainly positive, causing the forest to act as a carbon source. Dominant tree species have greater photosynthesis capability than that of seedlings, which have a great effect on above-canopy carbon flux. There was a significant correlation between above-canopy carbon flux and rate of photosynthesis of tree species. There was also a significant correlation between above-canopy carbon flux and rate of photosynthesis of seedlings; however, the below-canopy carbon flux was only significantly correlated with rate of photosynthesis of seedlings during the hot-dry season. Soil respiration of the three treatments displayed a markedly seasonal dynamic; in addition, above-canopy carbon fluxes correlated well with soil respiration, litterfall pro-duction, litterfall decomposition rate, precipitation, and soil moisture and temperature. A primary sta-tistical result of this study showed that above-canopy carbon flux in this forest presented carbon source or sink effects in different seasons, and it is a carbon sink at the scale of a year.     

The oasis expansion and eco-environment change over the last 50 years in Manas River Valley, Xinjiang

As an elite region of human being’s residence and development, the oasis in arid areas fosters more than 90% of population, produces more than 95% of the industrial and agricultural value, although its acreage takes only 3%―5% of total arid areas[1,2]. In the last decades, the oasis exploitation, harnessing and pro-tecting regional eco-environment have been becomingone of key study objects in the sustainable develop-ment[3―7], as the global environment changes and re-gional environment becom…     

Annual variation of carbon flux and impact factors in the tropical seasonal rain forest of xishuangbanna,SW China

Two years of eddy covariance measurements of above-and below-canopy carbon fluxes and static opaque chamber and gas chromatography technique measurements of soil respiration for three treatments (bare soil, soil+litterfall, soil+litterfall+seedling) were carried out in a tropical seasonal rain forest. In addition, data of photosynthesis of dominant tree species and seedlings, leaf area index, litter production and decomposing speed, soil moisture, soil temperature and photosynthetic photon flux density within the forest were all measured concurrently. Data from January 2003 to December 2004 are used to present annual variability of carbon flux and relationships between carbon flux and impact factors. The results show that carbon flux of this forest presented unusual tendency of annual variation; above-canopy carbon fluxes were negative in the dry season (November–April) and mainly positive in the rainy season, but overall the forest is a carbon sink. Carbon flux has obviously diurnal variation in this tropical seasonal rain forest. Above-canopy carbon fluxes were negative in the day-time and absolute values were larger in the dry season than that in the rainy season, causing the forest to act as a carbon sink; at night, carbon fluxes were mainly positive, causing the forest to act as a carbon source. Dominant tree species have greater photosynthesis capability than that of seedlings, which have a great effect on above-canopy carbon flux. There was a significant correlation between above-canopy carbon flux and rate of photosynthesis of tree species. There was also a significant correlation between above-canopy carbon flux and rate of photosynthesis of seedlings; however, the below-canopy carbon flux was only significantly correlated with rate of photosynthesis of seedlings during the hot-dry season. Soil respiration of the three treatments displayed a markedly seasonal dynamic; in addition, above-canopy carbon fluxes correlated well with soil respiration, litterfall pro-duction, litterfall decomposition rate, precipitation, and soil moisture and temperature. A primary sta-tistical result of this study showed that above-canopy carbon flux in this forest presented carbon source or sink effects in different seasons, and it is a carbon sink at the scale of a year.

     

黔西南泥堡特大型金矿床的新发现及其控矿因素

为了在黔西南泥堡金矿区获得找矿突破,进一步厘清矿床控矿因素,近年来,贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一〇五地质大队根据其积累的黔西南地区金矿找矿经验建立了区域成矿模式,结合该区地表已知金矿体赋存特征,通过对以往大量地质资料再研究,并通过大量深部钻探工程验证,获得了一些新发现:二龙抢宝背斜是一次级褶皱,为隐伏的F1断层上盘的牵引褶皱;新发现了F1断层破碎蚀变带中的厚大金矿体,单矿体达大型矿床规模,从而使泥堡金矿达特大型矿床规模,并新发现了深部泥堡背斜核部的层控型矿体;在黔西南地区,首次在泥堡金矿区中二叠统茅口组中的断层破碎带内发现了金矿体。进一步研究得出泥堡金矿床的控矿因素是:1地层,泥堡金矿体主要产于中二叠统茅口组,上二叠统龙潭组一段、二段和三段;2构造,泥堡金矿体产于泥堡背斜南翼,主要受F1逆断层控制,其次受二龙抢宝背斜核部附近的构造蚀变体控制;3岩性,当岩石为角砾岩或砾屑砂岩、沉凝灰岩、不纯碳酸盐岩时有利于成矿,特别是岩层厚度较薄,成分复杂,孔隙多,其顶、底板为透水性差的黏土岩、粉砂质黏土岩时易富集形成金矿(化)体。