Application of Different Structures of HBV Model to Studying Runoff Formation Processes: Case Study of Experimental Catchments

Water Resources - The article presents the experience in the application of a hydrological conceptual model HBV, including its standard version and modifications, to studying runoff-formation...     

On some peculiarities of the dispersion properties of internal waves in the ocean

The effect of mean flows on the dependence of the internal waves' group velocity on the wavenumber is considered. Experimental data on the behaviour of internal wave packets propagating in the ocean at an extreme group velocity are reported.Translated by Vladimir A. Puchkin.     

Chemical composition of geographical types of the small river basin waters (Central Sikhote-Alin Mountains,Pacific Asia)

In the article, the results of field observations of the chemical composition of the small river basin waters obtained during warm periods in 2011–2012 are presented. Seven basic geographical types of water were investigated, namely, cyclonic rainfall, rainstorm, throughfall, subsurface soil flow, low water flow (specific discharges of waters do not exceed 2.5 L/s km²), low floods (peak specific discharges are from 2.5 to 16 L/s km²) and medium floods (peak specific discharges are from 16 to about 100 L/s km²). A result of the interaction between the rain water and landscape constituents is that all examined natural waters differ to the maximum extent in the anionic composition. A chemical type of stream waters is sufficiently stable; it is formed predominantly within the soil-ground cover and does not change with increase in flow rate.     

Analysis of natural tracers and genetic runoff components in mixing models: Case study of small basins in Primor’e

An algorithm has been proposed for the diagnostics of the number of runoff genetic components and reliable chemical tracers in mixing models. The algorithm is applied to the analysis of data of hydrological—hydrochemical monitoring obtained during experimental studies on small watersheds in Elovyi Creek basin. The number of stable genetic runoff components and the list of tracers can vary from year to year depending on the state of moistening on the watershed.     

Modeling the Hydrological Regime of Small Testbed Catchments Based on Field Observations: A Case Study of the Pravaya Sokolovka River,the Upper Ussuri River Basin

Water Resources - The aim of this study is to apply mathematical modeling to describe the hydrological regime of small testbed catchments located in the territory of the Verkhne-Ussuriisky...     

Water exchange in lacustrine areas along the valley of the lower Amur (as deduced from data of expedition-based investigations)

It is shown that at the time of a flood decline the areas along the valley of the Amur in its lower reaches, including the lakes near the floodplain impounded during a high flood, can ensure a total of about 15% of the current value of the main river’s discharge. Under the conditions of the lowest-water level on the Amur as well as of the river backwater at the passage of the flood wave, the volume of discharge (water flow rate) increases only slightly, not going beyond the limit of water flow rate measurement accuracy.     

The Forms of Linear Structure of Overland Flow in Medium-Height Mountain Regions: Case Study of the Sikhote Alin

Water Resources - Large subsurface streams on steep slopes have stable positions with distinct catchment areas (drainage basins), linear shapes, and lengths of tens and hundreds meters. They form a...     

Generation of vertical fine structure in inhomogeneous flow by inertial-gravity internal waves

Corrections to the vertical distribution of mean density and current velocity non-oscillating on the wave's time scale have been derived in the approximation, quadratic by the wave's steepness. It has been shown that the horizontal volume transport of both the induced current and the Stokesian drift, integrated over depth, equates zero in the Boussinesq approximation.Translated by V. Puchkin.     

Organic matter in the water of lakes near the Lower Amur floodplain

The concentration and dynamics of organic matter in the Lower Amur water and near-floodplain lakes in the period of spring-summer flood and summer high low-flow period are described on the basis of hydrochemical and hydrological studies carried out in 2004–2005. The contribution of lakes to the organic component of Amur water is shown to vary within wide limits and depend on allochthonous and autochthonous processes as well as on the phase of Amur water regime.